The DOI matches its Crossref record; 224 of the 228 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Thriving at work: A meta‐analysis
Open accessAbstract
Summary: Thriving at work refers to a positive psychological state characterized by a joint sense of vitality and learning. On the basis of Spreitzer and colleagues' model, we present a comprehensive meta‐analysis of antecedents and outcomes of thriving at work ( K = 73 independent samples, N = 21,739 employees). Results showed that thriving at work is associated with individual characteristics, such as psychological capital ( r c = .47), proactive personality ( r c = .58), positive affect ( r c = .52), and work engagement ( r c = .64). Positive associations were also found between thriving at work and relational characteristics, including supportive coworker behavior ( r c = .42), supportive leadership behavior ( r c = .44), and perceived organizational support ( r c = .63). Moreover, thriving at work is related to important employee outcomes, including health‐related outcomes such as burnout ( r c = −.53), attitudinal outcomes such as commitment ( r c = .65), and performance‐related outcomes such as task performance ( r c = .35). The results of relative weights analyses suggest that thriving exhibits small, albeit incremental predictive validity above and beyond positive affect and work engagement, for task performance, job satisfaction, subjective health, and burnout. Overall, the findings of this meta‐analysis support Spreitzer and colleagues' model and underscore the importance of thriving in the work context.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Thriving at work represents one of these key resources because it facilitates goal achievement and drives elevated levels of innovation, solution identification, work commitment, creativity, and task performance (Carmeli and Spreitzer, 2009;Liu et al., 2020aLiu et al., , 2020b; see Kleine et al., 2019 for a meta-analysis).”
From Work hard or play hard: the effect of leisure crafting on opportunity recognition and venture performance (2023) · cites this paper as Kleine et al., 2019
In the citing paper
“Research supports the notion that thriving at work is a robust predictor of individual job performance (Kleine et al., 2019;Porath et al., 2012).”
From Work hard or play hard: the effect of leisure crafting on opportunity recognition and venture performance (2023) · cites this paper as Kleine et al., 2019
In the citing paper
“Thus, we argue that thriving at work facilitates the indirect effect of LC on an entrepreneur's opportunity recognition and performance because it is a resource that can be both acquired (e.g., learning new knowledge and skills) and conserved (e.g., protecting and enhancing energy), and because it drives work-related outcomes (Kleine et al., 2019).”
From Work hard or play hard: the effect of leisure crafting on opportunity recognition and venture performance (2023) · cites this paper as Kleine et al., 2019
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,603
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.68 · Cited by 54,599
Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7 · Cited by 26,772
Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package
Viechtbauer, W. (2010) · Journal of Statistical Software · doi:10.18637/jss.v036.i03 · Cited by 20,464
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.56.3.218 · Cited by 18,025
Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior
Miller, K. A. J., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1988) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2070638 · Cited by 15,406
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009) · doi:10.1002/9780470743386 · Cited by 14,225
The job demands-resources model of burnout.
Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499 · Cited by 13,643
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397 · Cited by 12,852 · cited 1×
“Burnout is characterized as the manifestation of prolonged stress on the job and includes feelings of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced (Maslach, Schaufeli, & Leiter, 2001).”
BackgroundLongshore, J. M., & Bass, B. M. (1987) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258081 · Cited by 12,424
Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams
Edmondson, A. (1999) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2666999 · Cited by 12,026
On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141 · Cited by 11,567
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF PERSONAL ENGAGEMENT AND DISENGAGEMENT AT WORK.
Kahn, W. A. (1990) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256287 · Cited by 10,975
An integrative model of organizational trust
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258792 · Cited by 10,736
Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206305279602 · Cited by 10,068
Perceived organizational support.
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500 · Cited by 10,023 · cited 1×
“Perceived organizational support refers to employees' beliefs regarding the extent to which the organization values their contributions and cares about their well ‐ being (Eisenberger, Huntington, Hutchison, & Sowa, 1986).”
BackgroundThe measurement of engagement and burnout: a two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach.
Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1023/a:1015630930326 · Cited by 10,014
Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi‐sample study
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.248 · Cited by 9,297
Perceived organizational support: a review of the literature.
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698 · Cited by 7,592
The Measurement of Work Engagement With a Short Questionnaire: A Cross-National Study
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164405282471 · Cited by 7,403
Graen, G. B., & Uhl-Bien, M. (1995) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/1048-9843(95)90036-5 · Cited by 7,299
Book Review: The Psychology of Attitudes
Chakravarti, D., Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1997) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3151869 · Cited by 7,173
Motivational processes affecting learning.
Dweck, C. S. (1986) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.41.10.1040 · Cited by 6,971
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1006/jvbe.2001.1842 · Cited by 6,903
Self-determination theory: A macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008) · Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/a0012801 · Cited by 6,664
Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.108.2.171 · Cited by 6,439
"General Intelligence," Objectively Determined and Measured
Spearman, C. (1904) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1412107 · Cited by 6,207
Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (2015) · doi:10.4135/9781483398105 · Cited by 5,542
The mental health continuum: from languishing to flourishing in life.
Keyes, C. L. M. (2002) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/3090197 · Cited by 5,133 · cited 1×
“Employees with a sense of vitality have also been shown to be less likely to feel worried and more likely to be mentally healthy (Keyes, 2002).”
BackgroundBass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006) · doi:10.4324/9781410617095 · Cited by 4,812
Collective Mind in Organizations: Heedful Interrelating on Flight Decks
Weick, K. E., & Roberts, K. H. (1993) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393372 · Cited by 4,517
Perceived Organizational Support
Dunn, A. M., & Shanock, L. R. (2017) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483386874.n398 · Cited by 4,406
The broaden–and–build theory of positive emotions
Fredrickson, B. L. (2004) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1512 · Cited by 4,214
Intellectual capital: The new wealth of organizations
Stewart, T. A., & Ruckdeschel, C. (1998) · Performance Improvement Journal · doi:10.1002/pfi.4140370713 · Cited by 3,767
Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought‐action repertoires
Fredrickson, B. L., & Branigan, C. (2005) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930441000238 · Cited by 3,521
Judge, T. A., & Bono, J. E. (2001) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.80 · Cited by 3,436
The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates
Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.4030140202 · Cited by 3,417
Fiol, C. M., & Lyles, M. A. (1985) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/258048 · Cited by 3,405
Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions.
Keyes, C. L. M., Shmotkin, D., & Ryff, C. D. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.1007 · Cited by 3,322
Tit for Tat? The Spiraling Effect of Incivility in the Workplace
Andersson, L. M., & Pearson, C. M. (1999) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1999.2202131 · Cited by 3,273
Reciprocation of perceived organizational support.
Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.42 · Cited by 3,106
Goals: An approach to motivation and achievement.
Elliott, E. S., & Dweck, C. S. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.54.1.5 · Cited by 3,098
Meta-Analytic review of leader–member exchange theory: Correlates and construct issues.
Gerstner, C. R., & Day, D. V. (1997) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.82.6.827 · Cited by 3,005
Eisenberger, R., Stinglhamber, F., Vandenberghe, C., Sucharski, I. L., & Rhoades, L. (2002) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.87.3.565 · Cited by 2,949
CHRISTIAN, M. S., GARZA, A. S., & SLAUGHTER, J. E. (2011) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01203.x · Cited by 2,903
On Energy, Personality, and Health: Subjective Vitality as a Dynamic Reflection of Well‐Being
Ryan, R. M., & Frederick, C. (1997) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1997.tb00326.x · Cited by 2,755
Bakker, A. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2010) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203853047 · Cited by 2,668
Work engagement: An emerging concept in occupational health psychology
Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., & Taris, T. W. (2008) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678370802393649 · Cited by 2,496
The Role of Trust in Organizational Settings
Dirks, K. T., & Ferrin, D. L. (2001) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.12.4.450.10640 · Cited by 2,337
Handbook of Organizational Behavior
Price, R., D’Aunno, T. A., & Lorsch, J. W. (1988) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2070561 · Cited by 2,241
Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2006) · Cited by 2,079
Amabile, T. M. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 2,004
IMPACT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON FOLLOWER DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE: A FIELD EXPERIMENT.
Dvir, T., Eden, D., Avolio, B. J., & Shamir, B. (2002) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/3069307 · Cited by 1,906
Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Its Nature, Antecedents, and Consequences
Organ, D., Podsakoff, P., & MacKenzie, S. (2006) · doi:10.4135/9781452231082 · Cited by 1,903
Settoon, R. P., Bennett, N., & Liden, R. C. (1996) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.81.3.219 · Cited by 1,897
Thomas, L. T., & Ganster, D. C. (1995) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.80.1.6 · Cited by 1,865
Sonnentag, S. (2003) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.3.518 · Cited by 1,851
Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education.
Pyatt, G., & Becker, G. S. (1966) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2229541 · Cited by 1,774
Living well: A self-determination theory perspective on eudaimonia
Ryan, R. M., Huta, V., & Deci, E. L. (2008) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-006-9023-4 · Cited by 1,752
Happiness unpacked: Positive emotions increase life satisfaction by building resilience.
Cohn, M. A., Fredrickson, B. L., Brown, S. L., Mikels, J. A., & Conway, A. M. (2009) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0015952 · Cited by 1,713
The relationship between job satisfaction and health: a meta-analysis
Faragher, E. B., Cass, M., & Cooper, C. L. (2005) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oem.2002.006734 · Cited by 1,664
The Science of subjective well-being
(2008) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.45-5867 · Cited by 1,629
A Socially Embedded Model of Thriving at Work
Spreitzer, G., Sutcliffe, K., Dutton, J., Sonenshein, S., & Grant, A. M. (2005) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1050.0153 · Cited by 1,604
Bauer, T. N., Bodner, T., Erdoğan, B., Truxillo, D. M., & Tucker, J. S. (2007) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.3.707 · Cited by 1,560
Development and Validation of a Work Domain Goal Orientation Instrument
Vandewalle, D. (1997) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164497057006009 · Cited by 1,547
EDWARDS, J. R., & PARRY, M. E. (1993) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256822 · Cited by 1,534
The two faces of transformational leadership: Empowerment and dependency.
Kark, R., Shamir, B., & Chen, G. (2003) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.2.246 · Cited by 1,384
Meta‐analyses of post‐acquisition performance: indications of unidentified moderators
King, D. R., Dalton, D. R., Daily, C. M., & Covin, J. G. (2003) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.371 · Cited by 1,363
The Darker and Brighter Sides of Human Existence: Basic Psychological Needs as a Unifying Concept
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1104_03 · Cited by 1,344
Berry, C. M., Öneş, D. S., & Sackett, P. R. (2007) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.2.410 · Cited by 1,337
Positive organizational behavior: engaged employees in flourishing organizations
Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2008) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.515 · Cited by 1,325
A Heuristic Method for Estimating the Relative Weight of Predictor Variables in Multiple Regression
JOHNSON, J. (2000) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr3501_1 · Cited by 1,194
Jackson, D., Firtko, A., & Edenborough, M. (2007) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04412.x · Cited by 1,175
What's Mine Is Ours, or Is It? A Study of Attitudes about Information Sharing
Constant, D., Kiesler, S. B., & Sproull, L. S. (1994) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.5.4.400 · Cited by 1,171
Thriving at work: Toward its measurement, construct validation, and theoretical refinement
Porath, C., Spreitzer, G., Gibson, C., & Garnett, F. G. (2012) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.756 · Cited by 1,126
Eby, L. T., Allen, T. D., Evans, S. C., Ng, T., & DuBois, D. L. (2008) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2007.04.005 · Cited by 1,046
An episodic process model of affective influences on performance.
Beal, D., Weiss, H., Barros, E., & Macdermid, S. (2005) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1054 · Cited by 1,020
Shanock, L. R., Baran, B. E., Gentry, W. A., Pattison, S. C., & Heggestad, E. D. (2010) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-010-9183-4 · Cited by 1,000
Hirst, G., van Knippenberg, D., & Zhou, J. (2009) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2009.37308035 · Cited by 981
Rudolph, C. W., Katz, I. M., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2017.05.008 · Cited by 951
Self-citationWalumbwa, F. O., Hartnell, C. A., & Oke, A. (2010) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018867 · Cited by 940
Learning through work: workplace affordances and individual engagement
Billett, S. R. (2001) · Journal of Workplace Learning · doi:10.1108/eum0000000005548 · Cited by 932
Born to burnout: A meta-analytic path model of personality, job burnout, and work outcomes
Swider, B. W., & Zimmerman, R. D. (2010) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2010.01.003 · Cited by 929
THEORY TESTING: COMBINING PSYCHOMETRIC META‐ANALYSIS AND STRUCTURAL EQUATIONS MODELING
VISWESVARAN, C., & ONES, D. S. (1995) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1995.tb01784.x · Cited by 926
LePine, J. A., LePine, M. A., & Jackson, C. L. (2004) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.89.5.883 · Cited by 877
(2010) · Cited by 814
Relationships between personality variables and burnout: A meta-analysis
Alarcon, G., Eschleman, K. J., & Bowling, N. A. (2009) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678370903282600 · Cited by 804
A Motivated Action Theory Account of Goal Orientation.
DeShon, R. P., & Gillespie, J. Z. (2005) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1096 · Cited by 786
Carmeli, A., Brueller, D., & Dutton, J. E. (2008) · Systems Research and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1002/sres.932 · Cited by 780
Nix, G. A., Ryan, R. M., Manly, J. B., & Deci, E. L. (1999) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.1999.1382 · Cited by 749
Age and work‐related motives: Results of a meta‐analysis
Kooij, D. T. A. M., de Lange, A. H., Jansen, P. G. W., Kanfer, R., & Dikkers, J. (2011) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.665 · Cited by 744
Empowering leadership: Construct clarification, conceptualization, and validation of a new scale
Amundsen, S., & Martinsen, Ø. L. (2013) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2013.11.009 · Cited by 653
Job crafting and meaningful work.
Berg, J. M., Dutton, J. E., & Wrzesniewski, A. (2013) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/14183-005 · Cited by 644
Interactive effects of personality and perceptions of the work situation on workplace deviance.
Colbert, A., Mount, M., Harter, J., Witt, L., & Barrick, M. (2004) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.89.4.599 · Cited by 627
Innovation at work:psychological perspectives
West, M. A., & Farr, J. L. (1989) · Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) · Cited by 606
The impact of civility interventions on employee social behavior, distress, and attitudes.
Leiter, M. P., Laschinger, H. K. S., Day, A., & Oore, D. G. (2011) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0024442 · Cited by 592
Kark, R., & Carmeli, A. (2009) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.571 · Cited by 589
The role of affectivity in job satisfaction: a meta-analysis
Connolly, J. J., & Viswesvaran, C. (2000) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(99)00192-0 · Cited by 583
Positive social interactions and the human body at work: Linking organizations and physiology
Heaphy, E. D., & Dutton, J. E. (2008) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2008.27749365 · Cited by 578
Positive Affect as a Source of Resilience for Women in Chronic Pain.
Zautra, A. J., Johnson, L. M., & Davis, M. C. (2005) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.73.2.212 · Cited by 567
Measurement error in psychological research: Lessons from 26 research scenarios.
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (1996) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.1.2.199 · Cited by 567
Trust, Connectivity, and Thriving: Implications for Innovative Behaviors at Work
CARMELI, A., & SPREITZER, G. M. (2009) · The Journal of Creative Behavior · doi:10.1002/j.2162-6057.2009.tb01313.x · Cited by 551
Leader–member exchange, feelings of energy, and involvement in creative work
ATWATER, L. E., & Carmeli, A. (2009) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.07.009 · Cited by 535
Thriving at work: Impact of psychological capital and supervisor support
Paterson, T. A., Luthans, F., & Jeung, W. (2014) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.1907 · Cited by 471
Spreitzer, G., Porath, C. L., & Gibson, C. B. (2012) · Organizational Dynamics · doi:10.1016/j.orgdyn.2012.01.009 · Cited by 470
Chang, S., & Lee, M. (2007) · The Learning Organization · doi:10.1108/09696470710727014 · Cited by 469
Flourishing via Workplace Relationships: Moving Beyond Instrumental Support
Colbert, A. E., Bono, J. E., & Purvanova, R. K. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2014.0506 · Cited by 466
Judge, T. A., Vianen, A. E. M. V., & de Pater, I. E. (2004) · Human Performance · doi:10.1207/s15327043hup1703_4 · Cited by 449
Ford, M. T., Cerasoli, C. P., Higgins, J. A., & Decesare, A. L. (2011) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678373.2011.609035 · Cited by 433
Linking proactive personality and the Big Five to motivation to learn and development activity.
Major, D. A., Turner, J. E., & Fletcher, T. D. (2006) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.91.4.927 · Cited by 424
A Multilevel Model of Employee Innovation
Wallace, J. C., Butts, M. M., Johnson, P. D., Stevens, F. G., & Smith, M. B. (2013) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206313506462 · Cited by 420
Employees intent to leave: A comparison of determinants of intent to leave versus intent to stay
Cho, S., Johanson, M. M., & Guchait, P. (2008) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.10.007 · Cited by 414
Prem, R., Ohly, S., Kubicek, B., & Korunka, C. (2016) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2115 · Cited by 410
Shanock, L. R., Baran, B. E., Gentry, W. A., Pattison, S. C., & Heggestad, E. D. (2013) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-013-9317-6 · Cited by 403
Coping with job stress: A conceptual evaluation framework for coping measures
Latack, J. C., & Havlovic, S. J. (1992) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.4030130505 · Cited by 401
Škerlavaj, M., Štemberger, M. I., Škrinjar, R., & Dimovski, V. (2006) · International Journal of Production Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2006.07.009 · Cited by 401
Proactive Coping, Positive Affect, and Well-Being
Greenglass, E. R., & Fıksenbaum, L. (2009) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040.14.1.29 · Cited by 399
Maurer, T. J., & Tarulli, B. A. (1994) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.79.1.3 · Cited by 397
THE INTERNATIONAL ASSIGNEE: THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF FACTORS PERCEIVED TO CONTRIBUTE TO SUCCESS
Arthur, W., & Bennett, W. R. (1995) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1995.tb01748.x · Cited by 395
O’Leary, V. E., & Ickovics, J. R. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 392
Job Burnout and Employee Engagement
Cole, M. S., Walter, F. H., Bedeian, A. G., & O’Boyle, E. H. (2011) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206311415252 · Cited by 392
A Dynamic Perspective on Affect and Creativity
Bledow, R., Rosing, K., & Fresé, M. (2012) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2010.0894 · Cited by 379
Energize Your Workplace: How to Create and Sustain High-Quality Connections at Work
Dutton, J. E. (2003) · Thammasat University Digital Collections · Cited by 358
Proactive personality and career adaptability: The role of thriving at work
Jiang, Z. (2016) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2016.10.003 · Cited by 337
Inspired to perform: A multilevel investigation of antecedents and consequences of thriving at work
Walumbwa, F. O., Muchiri, M. K., Misati, E., Wu, C., & Meiliani, M. (2018) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2216 · Cited by 323
Thriving at work—A diary study
Niessen, C., Sonnentag, S., & Sach, F. (2012) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.763 · Cited by 315
Job satisfaction: Subjective well-being at work.
Judge, T. A., & Klinger, R. L. (2008) · Cited by 315
Estes, B., & Wang, J. (2008) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/1534484308315565 · Cited by 303
Jiang, Z., Hu, X., Wang, Z., & Jiang, X. (2019) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2358 · Cited by 301
Kostopoulos, K. C., & Bozionelos, N. (2011) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/1059601111405985 · Cited by 299
Affect, Creative Experience, And Psychological Adjustment
(2015) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315784557 · Cited by 291
Does affect induce self-focused attention?
Wood, J. V., Saltzberg, J. A., & Goldsamt, L. A. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.5.899 · Cited by 285
Judge, T. A., & Hurst, C. (2008) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.4.849 · Cited by 272
Transformational leadership and burnout: The role of thriving and followers’ openness to experience.
Hildenbrand, K., Sacramento, C. A., & Binnewies, C. (2016) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/ocp0000051 · Cited by 264
Reio, T. G., & Ghosh, R. (2009) · Human Resource Development Quarterly · doi:10.1002/hrdq.20020 · Cited by 250
Leiter, M. P., Day, A., Oore, D. G., & Laschinger, H. K. S. (2012) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0029540 · Cited by 234
Naquin, S. S., & Holton, E. F. (2002) · Human Resource Development Quarterly · doi:10.1002/hrdq.1038 · Cited by 228
Albrecht, S. L., & Andreetta, M. (2011) · Leadership in health services · doi:10.1108/17511871111151126 · Cited by 228
Self-esteem and reactions to failure: The mediating role of overgeneralization.
Kernis, M. H., Brockner, J., & Frankel, B. S. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.4.707 · Cited by 219
Workers' perceptions of how jobs affect health: A social ecological perspective.
Ettner, S. L., & Grzywacz, J. G. (2001) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/1076-8998.6.2.101 · Cited by 218
Harris, T. B., Li, N., Boswell, W. R., Zhang, X., & Xie, Z. (2013) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12053 · Cited by 217
Brown, D. J. W., Arnold, R., Fletcher, D., & Standage, M. (2017) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000294 · Cited by 210
The influence of servant leadership, trust in leader and thriving on employee creativity
Jaiswal, N. K., & Dhar, R. L. (2017) · Leadership & Organization Development Journal · doi:10.1108/lodj-02-2015-0017 · Cited by 209
A MULTIDIMENSIONAL APPROACH FOR EVALUATING VARIABLES IN ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
LeBreton, J. M., Hargis, M. B., Griepentrog, B. K., Oswald, F. L., & Ployhart, R. E. (2007) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00080.x · Cited by 208
Rose, R. C., Kumar, N., & Pak, O. G. (2011) · Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) · doi:10.19030/jabr.v25i6.995 · Cited by 205 · cited 2×
“Organizations that prioritize learning, education, and development can positively influence performance and job satisfaction (Chang & Lee, 2007; Rose, Kumar, & Pak, 2009).”
BackgroundHahn, V. C., Fresé, M., Binnewies, C., & Schmitt, A. (2011) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00490.x · Cited by 201
Yang, Y., Li, Z., Liang, L., & Zhang, X. (2019) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-018-0095-1 · Cited by 201
The relationship between workplace learning and job satisfaction in U.S. small to midsize businesses
Rowden, R. W. (2002) · Human Resource Development Quarterly · doi:10.1002/hrdq.1041 · Cited by 201
The effects of civility on advice, leadership, and performance.
Porath, C. L., Gerbasi, A., & Schorch, S. L. (2015) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000016 · Cited by 195
LeBreton, J. M., & Tonidandel, S. (2008) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.329 · Cited by 194
Zhao, S., Shi, Y., Sun, Z., Xie, F., Wang, J., Zhang, S., Gou, T., Han, X., Sun, T., & Fan, L. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.14311 · Cited by 187
A Monte Carlo Comparison of Relative Importance Methodologies
LeBreton, J. M., Ployhart, R. E., & Ladd, R. T. (2004) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/1094428104266017 · Cited by 184
Linking empowering leadership and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior
Li, M., Liu, W., Han, Y., & Zhang, P. (2016) · Journal of Organizational Change Management · doi:10.1108/jocm-02-2015-0032 · Cited by 174
Russo, M., Buonocore, F., Carmeli, A., & Guo, L. (2015) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206315618013 · Cited by 173
On the Relationship Between Affect and Creative Problem Solving
Russ, S. W. (2015) · doi:10.4324/9781315784557-11 · Cited by 173
Dimensions of work appraisal: Stress, strain, coping, job satisfaction, and negative affectivity.
Decker, P. J., & Borgen, F. H. (1993) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0167.40.4.470 · Cited by 171
Hirt, E. R., Levine, G. M., McDonald, H. E., Melton, R. J., & Martin, L. L. (1997) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.1997.1335 · Cited by 166
Thriving when exhausted: The role of perceived transformational leadership
Niessen, C., Mäder, I., Stride, C., & Jimmieson, N. L. (2017) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2017.07.012 · Cited by 166
The Effects of Leadership and Job Autonomy on Vitality: Survey and Experimental Evidence
Tummers, L. G., Steijn, B., Nevicka, B., & Heerema, M. (2016) · Review of Public Personnel Administration · doi:10.1177/0734371x16671980 · Cited by 158
Harari, M. B., Reaves, A. C., & Viswesvaran, C. (2016) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2015.1134491 · Cited by 151
Frazier, M. L., & Tupper, C. (2016) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/1059601116653911 · Cited by 150
Workplace spirituality, work engagement and thriving at work
van der Walt, F. (2018) · SA Journal of Industrial Psychology · doi:10.4102/sajip.v44i0.1457 · Cited by 149
Zhu, X., Law, K. S., Sun, C. (., & Yang, D. (2018) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.21920 · Cited by 148
Thriving at work as a mediator of the relationship between workplace support and life satisfaction
Zhai, Q., Wang, S., & Weadon, H. (2017) · Journal of Management & Organization · doi:10.1017/jmo.2017.62 · Cited by 144
Thriving at work: A diary study
Niessen, C., Sonnentag, S., & Sach, F. (2010) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e518392013-197 · Cited by 144
Zhang, J., Bal, P. M., Akhtar, M. N., Long, L., Zhang, Y., & Ma, Z. (2018) · Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.1111/1744-7941.12199 · Cited by 144
Destructive de-energizing relationships: How thriving buffers their effect on performance.
Gerbasi, A., Porath, C. L., Parker, A., Spreitzer, G., & Cross, R. (2015) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000015 · Cited by 142
Thriving in Central Network Positions: The Role of Political Skill
Cullen, K. L., Gerbasi, A., & Chrobot‐Mason, D. (2015) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206315571154 · Cited by 134
Linking individual performance to business strategy: The people process model
Gratton, L., Hailey, V. H., Stiles, P. G., & Truss, C. (1999) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-050x(199921)38:1 · Cited by 128
Viswesvaran, C., Schmidt, F. L., & Öneş, D. S. (2002) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.87.2.345 · Cited by 126
Understanding Employee Innovative Behavior and Thriving at Work: A Chinese Perspective
Riaz, S., Xu, Y., & Hussain, S. (2018) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci8030046 · Cited by 118
Authentic leadership and thriving among nurses: the mediating role of empathy
Mortier, A. V., Vlerick, P., & Clays, E. (2015) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.12329 · Cited by 116
How leaders stimulate employee learning: A leader-member exchange approach
Bezuijen, X. M., van Dam, K., Berg, P., & Thierry, H. (2010) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1348/096317909x468099 · Cited by 107
Abid, G., Sajjad, I., Elahi, N. S., Farooqi, S., & Nisar, A. (2018) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2018.1493712 · Cited by 105
Flinchbaugh, C. L., Luth, M. T., & Li, P. (2015) · International Journal of Stress Management · doi:10.1037/a0039136 · Cited by 101
Identifying stressors at work: Recent research developments
Cooper, C. L. (1983) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(83)90068-5 · Cited by 99
Authentic leadership and employee creativity: testing the multilevel mediation model
Xu, B.-D., Zhao, S., Li, C., & Lin, C. (2017) · Leadership & Organization Development Journal · doi:10.1108/lodj-09-2015-0194 · Cited by 97
Publication Bias: A call for improved meta‐analytic practice in the organizational sciences
Banks, G. C., Kepes, S., & McDaniel, M. A. (2012) · International Journal of Selection and Assessment · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2389.2012.00591.x · Cited by 96
Expatriate success and thriving: The influence of job deprivation and emotional stability
Ren, H., Yunlu, D. G., Shaffer, M. A., & Fodchuk, K. M. (2014) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2014.01.007 · Cited by 86
Kaplan, J. R., Chen, H., & Manuck, S. B. (2009) · American Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1002/ajp.20707 · Cited by 85
From Positive Affect to Creativity: The Surprising Role of Surprise
Filipowicz, A. (2006) · Creativity Research Journal · doi:10.1207/s15326934crj1802_2 · Cited by 83
Harari, M. B., Reaves, A. C., & Viswesvaran, C. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203732427-3 · Cited by 82
Good for your soul? Adult learning and mental well‐being
Field, J. (2009) · International Journal of Lifelong Education · doi:10.1080/02601370902757034 · Cited by 81
Engagement and human thriving: Complementary perspectives on energy and connections to work
Spreitzer, G. M., Lam, C. F., & Fritz, C. (2010) · Cited by 81
Understanding employee thriving: the role of workplace context, personality and individual resources
Nawaz, M. M., Abid, G., Arya, B., Bhatti, G. A., & Farooqi, S. (2018) · Total Quality Management & Business Excellence · doi:10.1080/14783363.2018.1482209 · Cited by 79
Perceptions of group cohesion and mood in sport teams.
Terry, P. C., Carron, A. V., Pink, M. J., Lane, A. M., Jones, G. J. W., & Hall, M. P. (2000) · Group Dynamics Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/1089-2699.4.3.244 · Cited by 78
Promoting thriving at work and waning turnover intention: A relational perspective
Abid, G., Zahra, I., & Ahmed, A. (2016) · Future Business Journal · doi:10.1016/j.fbj.2016.08.001 · Cited by 74
Taneva, S., & Arnold, J. (2017) · Work Aging and Retirement · doi:10.1093/workar/wax027 · Cited by 73
DESIGNING EFFECTIVE SELF-MANAGING WORK TEAMS
Publication, C., & Cohen, S. G. (1993) · Cited by 73
The impact of learning opportunities and decision authority on occupational health
Mikkelsen, A., Saksvik, P. Ø., Eriksen, H. R., & Ursin, H. (1999) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/026783799296165 · Cited by 66
Becker, G. S. (1975) · Cited by 66
Attributions and Appraisals of Workplace Incivility: Finding Light on the Dark Side?
Marchiondo, L. A., Cortina, L. M., & Kabat‐Farr, D. (2018) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12127 · Cited by 65
Abid, G., Zahra, I., & Ahmed, A. (2015) · Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences · Cited by 60
Nourishing the bliss: antecedents and mechanism of happiness at work
Qaiser, S., Abid, G., Arya, B., & Farooqi, S. (2018) · Total Quality Management & Business Excellence · doi:10.1080/14783363.2018.1493919 · Cited by 56
Cloud-based Meta-analysis to Bridge Science and Practice: Welcome to metaBUS
Bosco, F. A., Steel, P., Oswald, F. L., Uggerslev, K. L., & Field, J. G. (2015) · Personnel Assessment and Decisions · doi:10.25035/pad.2015.002 · Cited by 52
Empowering Leadership and Employee Performance
Ali, M., Lei, S., Jie, Z., & Rahman, M. A. (2018) · International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management · doi:10.4018/ijabim.2018040101 · Cited by 46
Moving Forward: Positive Relationships at Work as a Research Frontier.
Dutton, J., & Ragins, B. R. (2007) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315094199-26 · Cited by 45
psychometric: Applied Psychometric Theory
Fletcher, T. D. (2006) · doi:10.32614/cran.package.psychometric · Cited by 43
Raza, B., Ali, M., Ahmed, S., & Ahmad, J. (2018) · International Journal of Organizational Leadership · doi:10.33844/ijol.2018.60360 · Cited by 43
How to Enable Thriving at Work through Organizational Trust
Koçak, Ö. E. (2016) · International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) · doi:10.20525/ijrbs.v5i4.580 · Cited by 37
Flagged first, then by citations
3 of the 228 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 28
- Ahmed S., 2017, Power of negative emotions at workplace: Envy, subjective career success, thriving at work with moderating role of self‐control, Journal of Managerial Sciences, 11, 427
- 10.2307/259136 · DOI
- Anjum M. A., 2016, Thriving at work: Evidences from Telecom companies in Balochistan, Gomal University Journal of Research, 32, 36
- Bass B. M., 1985, Leadership and performance beyond expectations
- Brown C. B., 2009, Influential women in organization development: Illuminating the path to prominence and the role of knowledge and social influence in the evolution of OD (dissertation)
- Cohen S. G., 1994, Advances in interdisciplinary studies of work teams: Theories of self‐managing work teams, 67
- Collins L. A., 2014, Thriving at work: Contextual versus non‐contextual factors (dissertation)
- DiMarcangelo A., 2017, Thriving at work: Manager thriving in higher education (dissertation)
- Dutton J. E., 2007, LEA's organization and management series. Exploring positive relationships at work: Building a theoretical and research foundation, 387
- Eagly A. H., 1993, The psychology of attitudes
- 10.1037/0022-3514.54.1.5 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.218 · DOI · Paper page
- Gilbreath B., 2012, Supervisor behavior and employee presenteeism, International Journal of Leadership Studies, 7, 114
- Hacket F. A., 2011, An exploration of thriving in the superintendency (dissertation)
- Helfer K. M., 2017, Sex‐role identity, workplace stress and thriving in South African employees (dissertation)
- Hong'an Chen, 2016, An empirical study of the influence of workplace friendship on staff thriving at work, Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), 48, 150
- Kan Shi, 2015, Work‐based feelings based on people‐context‐interaction: Generation mechanism, China Academic Journal, 17, 65
- Keister A. C. C., 2013, A mixed methods study of thriving teams: The effects of a collective state on change adaptability, performance and team development
- Leslie B., 1998, Informal learning: The new frontier of employee & organizational development, Economic Development Review, 15, 12
- Levy R., 2016, The role of implicit person theories and psychological capital in workplace thriving (master's thesis)
- Macera J. L., 2016, A theory of thriving for small business owners: A grounded theory study (dissertation)
- Organ D. W., 1988, OCB: The good soldier syndrome
- *Rozkwitalska M. &Basinska B. A.(2016).Positive psychological capital enhances thriving in the multicultural work environment of multinational corporations (Conference Paper).
- 10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/0013164405282471 · DOI · Paper page
- Spreitzer G. M., 2010, Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and research, 132
- Woo V. C. Y., 2015, Thriving in transition: Cognitive, social & behavioral resources for times of change (dissertation)
- Zhang R.‐G., 2018, How social exchange affects employees' thriving at work, International Journal of Business and Social Science, 9, 99
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A three-dimensional taxonomy of achievement emotions.
Pekrun, R. H., Marsh, H. W., Elliot, A. J., Stockinger, K., Perry, R. P., Vogl, E., Goetz, T., van Tilburg, W. A. P., Lüdtke, O., & Vispoel, W. P. (2022) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000448 · Cited by 390
Imran, M., Elahi, N. S., Abid, G., Ashfaq, F., & Ilyas, S. (2020) · Journal of Open Innovation Technology Market and Complexity · doi:10.3390/joitmc6030082 · Cited by 319
An integrative multilevel review of thriving at work: Assessing progress and promise
Goh, Z. W. C., Eva, N., Kiazad, K., Jack, G. A., Cieri, H. D., & Spreitzer, G. M. (2021) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2571 · Cited by 207
Alikaj, A., Ning, W., & Wu, B. (2020) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-020-09704-5 · Cited by 213
Trust Within the Workplace: A Review of Two Waves of Research and a Glimpse of the Third
Dirks, K. T., & Jong, B. A. D. (2021) · Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-083025 · Cited by 225
Metadata
- Authors
- Kleine, A., Rudolph, C. W., & Zacher, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Saint Louis University (US)
- Leipzig University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Kleine, Anne‐Kathrin
- Zacher, Hannes
- Venue
- Journal of Organizational Behavior
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-06-07
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 9-10
- Pages
- 973-999
- ISSN
- 0894-3796 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-1379
- OpenAlex
- W2942090227
- Cited by
- 606
- References
- 228
- Citations by year
- 2026: 104 · 2025: 117 · 2024: 116 · 2023: 88 · 2022: 76 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 7
- FWCI
- 63.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Organizational Behavior (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Workaholism, burnout, and well-being
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Keywords
- thriving at work, psychological capital, proactive personality, positive affect, work engagement, supportive leadership, coworker support, perceived organizational support, burnout, work commitment, task performance, job satisfaction, self-rated health, employee outcomes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review