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Flexible regression models with cubic splines
Abstract
We describe the use of cubic splines in regression models to represent the relationship between the response variable and a vector of covariates. This simple method can help prevent the problems that result from inappropriate linearity assumptions. We compare restricted cubic spline regression to non‐parametric procedures for characterizing the relationship between age and survival in the Stanford Heart Transplant data. We also provide an illustrative example in cancer therapeutics.
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Böhm, M., Schumacher, H., Teo, K. K., Lonn, E. M., Mahfoud, F., Ukena, C., Mann, J. F. E., Mancia, G., Redon, J., Schmieder, R. E., et al. (2020) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy808 · Cited by 55
Pre-pregnancy caffeine and caffeinated beverage intake and risk of spontaneous abortion
Gaskins, A. J., Rich-Edwards, J. W., Williams, P. L., Toth, T. L., Missmer, S. A., & Chavarro, J. E. (2018) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1301-2 · Cited by 55
Pancreatic Cancer and Exposure to Dietary Nitrate and Nitrite in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
Aschebrook-Kilfoy, B., Cross, A. J., Stolzenberg-Solomon, R. Z., Schatzkin, A., Hollenbeck, A. R., Sinha, R., & Ward, M. H. (2011) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwr092 · Cited by 53
Coffee Consumption and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Dose-Response Analysis of Observational Studies
Tian, C., Wang, W., Hong, Z., & Zhang, X. (2013) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-013-0200-6 · Cited by 51
Kitamura, A., Noda, H., Nakamura, M., Kiyama, M., Okada, T., Imano, H., Ohira, T., Sato, S., Yamagishi, K., & Iso, H. (2011) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.7237 · Cited by 51
Cai, X., Wang, C., Wang, S., Cao, G., Jin, C., Yu, J., Li, X., Yan, J., Wang, F., Yu, W., et al. (2015) · Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1010539514566742 · Cited by 47
Noda, H., Iso, H., Irie, F., Sairenchi, T., Ohtaka, E., & Ohta, H. (2010) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02183.x · Cited by 48
Wang, Q., Sun, Y., Xu, Q., Liu, W., Wang, P., Yao, J., Zhao, A., Chen, Y., & Wang, W. (2022) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2021.12.006 · Cited by 49
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Coffee Consumption and Stomach Cancer Risk in a Cohort of Swedish Women
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Infectious Disease Burden and the Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Population-Based Study
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Association of resistance exercise with the incidence of hypercholesterolemia in men
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Common vaccines and the risk of incident dementia: a population-based cohort study
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Schwingshackl, L., Chaimani, A., Bechthold, A., Iqbal, K., Stelmach-Mardas, M., Hoffmann, G., Schwedhelm, C., Schlesinger, S., & Boeing, H. (2016) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-016-0302-9 · Cited by 23
Predictive models for musculoskeletal injury risk: why statistical approach makes all the difference
Rhon, D. I., Teyhen, D. S., Collins, G. S., & Bullock, G. S. (2022) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001388 · Cited by 20
Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Mortality in CKD Population: A 1999–2014 NHANES Analysis
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A prospective study of treatments for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and fecundability
Wise, L. A., Willis, S. K., Perkins, R. B., Wesselink, A. K., Klann, A., Crowe, H. M., Hahn, K. A., Mikkelsen, E. M., & Hatch, E. E. (2020) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2019.12.017 · Cited by 14
Metadata
- Authors
- Durrleman, S., & Simon, R.
- Venue
- Statistics in Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1989-05
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 551-561
- ISSN
- 0277-6715 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0258
- OpenAlex
- W2098787760
- Cited by
- 2,689
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 5.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
