Reward circuitry function in autism during face anticipation and outcomes
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The aim of this study was to investigate reward circuitry responses in autism during reward anticipation and outcomes for monetary and social rewards. During monetary anticipation, participants with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) showed hypoactivation in right nucleus accumbens and hyperactivation in right hippocampus, whereas during monetary outcomes, participants with ASDs showed hyperactivation in left midfrontal and anterior cingulate gyrus. Groups did not differ in nucleus accumbens responses to faces. The ASD group demonstrated hyperactivation in bilateral amygdala during face anticipation that predicted social symptom severity and in bilateral insular cortex during face outcomes. These results add to the growing body of evidence that autism is characterized by altered functioning of reward circuitry. Additionally, atypical amygdala activation during the processing of social rewards may contribute to the development or expression of autistic features.
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Dichter et al. reported bilateral amygdala hyperactivation during face-reward anticipation and bilateral insular cortex hyperactivation during face-reward outcomes in the ASD group.
“The ASD group displayed bilateral amygdala hyperactivation during face-reward anticipation and bilateral insular cortex hyperactivation during face-reward outcomes.”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [569]
Activation in the left and right amygdala during face anticipation predicted the severity of social impairments in the ASD sample.
“Further, activation in the left and right amygdala during face anticipation predicted the severity of social impairments in the ASD sample.”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [569]
Few neuroimaging studies have directly addressed social versus non-social reward processing in ASD, and findings to date have not been entirely consistent.
“only few neuroimaging studies have directly addressed the basis of social vs. non-social reward processing in ASD and findings to date have not been entirely consistent (perhaps, in part, due to the lack of potent social reward paradigms) [78,80]”
From The social motivation theory of autism (2012) · cites this paper as [80]
In a follow-up study, adults with ASD showed lower VS activation during money anticipation but did not reveal VS hypoactivation for face rewards.
“In a follow-up study applying the same paradigm but with a focus on social (for example, faces) versus monetary reward, adults with ASD again showed lower brain activation in the VS during money anticipation, but did not reveal VS hypoactivation for face rewards [61].”
From Social “wanting” dysfunction in autism: neurobiological underpinnings and treatment implications (2012) · cites this paper as [61]
Dichter and colleagues found hyperactivation in the amygdala in adult participants with ASD while they were anticipating social reward, and this activation correlated positively with social symptom severity (ADOS-G).
“The study by Dichter and colleagues [61] on reward processing revealed hyperactivation in the amygdala in adult participants with ASD while they were anticipating social reward. This activation correlated positively with social symptom severity (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic ADOS-G).”
From Social “wanting” dysfunction in autism: neurobiological underpinnings and treatment implications (2012) · cites this paper as [61]
Four out of five published fMRI studies reported diminished VS activation in individuals with ASD compared with TDC when processing either social or monetary reward versus non-reward.
“Four out of five published fMRI studies reported diminished VS activation in individuals with ASD compared with TDC when processing either social or monetary reward versus non-reward [30,60-62].”
From Social “wanting” dysfunction in autism: neurobiological underpinnings and treatment implications (2012) · cites this paper as [61]
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- Authors
- Dichter, G. S., Richey, J. A., Rittenberg, A. M., Sabatino, A., & Bodfish, J. W.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dichter, Gabriel S.
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2011-03-29
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 147-160
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- PMC
- PMC8624275
- OpenAlex
- W2073064897
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 127
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 9.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH073402)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P30-HD03110, P30HD003110)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, reward systems, reward anticipation, reward outcome, monetary rewards, social reward, face processing, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, amygdala, insula, anterior cingulate cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Autistic Disorder, Brain, Brain Mapping, Face, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Nerve Net, Reaction Time, Reward, Social Perception
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