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One-Step Generation of Mice Carrying Mutations in Multiple Genes by CRISPR/Cas-Mediated Genome Engineering
Open accessAbstract
Mice carrying mutations in multiple genes are traditionally generated by sequential recombination in embryonic stem cells and/or time-consuming intercrossing of mice with a single mutation. The CRISPR/Cas system has been adapted as an efficient gene-targeting technology with the potential for multiplexed genome editing. We demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas-mediated gene editing allows the simultaneous disruption of five genes (Tet1, 2, 3, Sry, Uty--8 alleles) in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells with high efficiency. Coinjection of Cas9 mRNA and single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting Tet1 and Tet2 into zygotes generated mice with biallelic mutations in both genes with an efficiency of 80%. Finally, we show that coinjection of Cas9 mRNA/sgRNAs with mutant oligos generated precise point mutations simultaneously in two target genes. Thus, the CRISPR/Cas system allows the one-step generation of animals carrying mutations in multiple genes, an approach that will greatly accelerate the in vivo study of functionally redundant genes and of epistatic gene interactions.
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“Soon, all sorts of cells and some multicellular organisms would be the object of CRISPR-mediated manipulation, such as human cell cultures, mice, plants, yeasts, and the list goes on [62,63,64,65].”
From CRISPR-Cas: Converting A Bacterial Defence Mechanism into A State-of-the-Art Genetic Manipulation Tool (2019) · cites this paper as [63]
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“The need for specific proteins tailored for each gene also makes multiplex gene editing a strenuous task for ZFNs and TALENs, while with Cas9 systems multiple genes can be targeted simply by delivering multiple gRNAs to the cells [63,98].”
From CRISPR-Cas: Converting A Bacterial Defence Mechanism into A State-of-the-Art Genetic Manipulation Tool (2019) · cites this paper as [63]
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“focused on the issue of human germline engineering, as the methods have already been demonstrated in mice (6) and monkeys (7).”
From A prudent path forward for genomic engineering and germline gene modification (2015) · cites this paper as [6]
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“However, the desired recombination efficacy often occurs infrequently, which presents enormous challenges for robust applications [61, 82–84].”
From Non-viral delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing: challenges and opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [61]
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“Recently, the CRISPR/Cas system has been successfully applied to human cells19,20,21,22 and several model organisms for genome editing.23,24,25,26”
From The CRISPR/Cas9 system facilitates clearance of the intrahepatic HBV templates in vivo (2014) · cites this paper as [26]
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“DNA sequence recognition requires only a single 20-nt guide RNA and a protospacer adjacent motif, which enables one to rapidly engineer and test a large number of DNA cleavage sites (17)(18)(19)(20).”
From RNA-guided endonuclease provides a therapeutic strategy to cure latent herpesviridae infection (2014) · cites this paper as [17]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, H., Yang, H., Shivalila, C. S., Dawlaty, M. M., Cheng, A. W., Zhang, F., & Jaenisch, R.
- Affiliations
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (US)
- Broad Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jaenisch, Rudolf
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-05
- Volume
- 153
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 910-918
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3969854
- OpenAlex
- W2170039745
- Cited by
- 3,495
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 63 · 2025: 94 · 2024: 166 · 2023: 203 · 2022: 210 · 2021: 239 · 2020: 286 · 2019: 299 · 2018: 332 · 2017: 352 · 2016: 392 · 2015: 362 · 2014: 359 · 2013: 134
- FWCI
- 186.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PMC
- Funders
- Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (2r01ca084198-10)
- National Institute of Mental Health (DP1MH100706)
- National Cancer Institute (R01-CA084198)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R37HD045022)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
- Keywords
- CRISPR/Cas genome editing, multiplexed genome editing, mouse mutagenesis, TET1, TET2, TET3, SRY, UTY, biallelic variants, single guide RNA, zygote injection, mouse embryonic stem cells
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Base Sequence, Female, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Inbred DBA, Molecular Sequence Data, Gene Targeting, Mice, Embryonic Stem Cells, RNA, Small Untranslated
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