Treatment of neurocognitive symptoms in unipolar depression: A systematic review and future perspectives
Open accessAbstract
Background Cognitive symptoms in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are persistent and commonly entail neurocognitive impairment and a decline in quality of life. This systematic review gathers the current scientific evidence on therapeutic strategies for neuropsychological impairment in MDD. Method A systematic search on PubMed, PsycINFO and Clinicaltrials.gov was carried out on December 2016 according to PRISMA using Boolean terms to identify interventions for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in MDD. Only English-written articles providing original data and focusing in adults with MDD were included with no time restrictions. Results A total of 95 studies reporting data on 40 pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions were included. Interventions were grouped into the following categories: 1) Pharmacological Therapies (antidepressants, stimulants, compounds acting on NMDA receptors, compounds acting on the cholinergic system, compounds showing anti-inflammatory or antioxidant properties, other mechanisms of action), 2) Physical Therapies and 3) Psychological Therapies, 4) Exercise. There are some promising compounds showing a positive impact on cognitive symptoms including vortioxetine, lisdexamfetamine or erythropoietin. Limitations The studies included showed significant methodological differences in heterogeneous samples. The lack of a standardized neuropsychological battery makes comparisons between studies difficult. Conclusion Current evidence is not sufficient to widely recommend the use of procognitive treatments in MDD although promising results are coming to light.
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Few treatments exist to address neurocognitive impairment in TRD or cognitive dysfunction in MDD.
“few treatments exist to address neurocognitive impairment in TRD”
From Neurocognitive effects of theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in adults: A systematic review and recommendations for future research (2025) · cites this paper as Salagre et al., 2017
Neurocognitive dysfunction is a core depressive symptom for which few effective treatments exist.
“Neurocognitive dysfunction is a core depressive symptom for which few effective treatments exist (Porter et al., 2003;Salagre et al., 2017;Zakzanis et al., 1999).”
From Neurocognitive effects of theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in adults: A systematic review and recommendations for future research (2025) · cites this paper as Salagre et al., 2017
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- Authors
- Salagre, E., Solé, B., Tomioka, Y., Fernandes, B. S., Hidalgo-Mazzei, D., Garriga, M., Jimenez, E., Sanchez-Moreno, J., Vieta, E., & Grande, I.
- Affiliations
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (ES)
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Vieta, E.
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 221
- Pages
- 205-221
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2676002985
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 179
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (JR15/00012, PI16/00187, CM15/00127)
- Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PI15/00283, PI12/00912, PI16/00187)
- CIBERSAM
- Comissionat per a Universitats i Recerca del DIUE de la Generalitat de Catalunya (2014 SGR 398)
- Deakin University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, neurocognitive impairment, cognitive impairment, pharmacotherapy, antidepressants, vortioxetine, lisdexamfetamine, erythropoietin, NMDA receptor antagonists, cholinergic drugs, anti-inflammatory agents, antioxidants, physical activity, psychotherapy, physiotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Cognitive Dysfunction
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