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Neurovascular mechanisms of Alzheimer's neurodegeneration
Abstract
In contrast to traditional neuroncentric views of Alzheimer's disease (AD), recent findings indicate that neurovascular dysfunction contributes to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in AD. Here, I propose the neurovascular hypothesis of AD, suggesting that faulty clearance of amyloid beta peptide (A beta) across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), aberrant angiogenesis and senescence of the cerebrovascular system could initiate neurovascular uncoupling, vessel regression, brain hypoperfusion and neurovascular inflammation. Ultimately, this would lead to BBB compromise, to chemical imbalance in the neuronal environment and to synaptic and neuronal dysfunction, injury and loss. Based on the neurovascular hypothesis, I suggest an array of new potential therapeutic approaches that could be developed for AD, to enhance A beta clearance and neurovascular repair, and to protect the neurovascular unit from divergent inducers of injury and apoptosis.
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Low Aβ levels within the healthy brain are maintained through degradation, elimination via ISF bulk flow, CSF absorption into the circulatory and lymphatic system, or transport across the BBB.
“Low Aβ levels within the healthy brain are maintained through degradation, elimination via interstitial fluid (ISF) bulk flow, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption into the circulatory and lymphatic system, or transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) (3,4).”
From Endothelial LRP1 transports amyloid-β1–42 across the blood-brain barrier (2015) · cites this paper as [3]
The neurovascular hypothesis of AD states that Aβ accumulation is driven by impairment of Aβ transporters in brain capillaries, resulting in deficient Aβ elimination via the BBB.
“Thus, the neurovascular hypothesis of AD states that Aβ accumulation is driven by impairment of Aβ transporters in brain capillaries, resulting in deficient Aβ elimination via the BBB (3,8,15,16).”
From Endothelial LRP1 transports amyloid-β1–42 across the blood-brain barrier (2015) · cites this paper as [3]
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Vascular burden and Alzheimer disease pathologic progression
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Dysfunction of ABC transporters at the blood-brain barrier: Role in neurological disorders
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Brain macrophage development, diversity and dysregulation in health and disease
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Basal lamina changes in neurodegenerative disorders
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Reduced circulating angiogenic cells in Alzheimer disease
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zlokovic, B. V.
- Venue
- Trends in Neurosciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 202-208
- ISSN
- 0166-2236
- Cited by
- 770
- References
- 21
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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