Oxytocin Increases Retention of Social Cognition in Autism
Abstract
Background Oxytocin dysfunction might contribute to the development of social deficits in autism, a core symptom domain and potential target for intervention. This study explored the effect of intravenous oxytocin administration on the retention of social information in autism.Methods Oxytocin and placebo challenges were administered to 15 adult subjects diagnosed with autism or Asperger's disorder, and comprehension of affective speech (happy, indifferent, angry, and sad) in neutral content sentences was tested.Results All subjects showed improvements in affective speech comprehension from pre- to post-infusion; however, whereas those who received placebo first tended to revert to baseline after a delay, those who received oxytocin first retained the ability to accurately assign emotional significance to speech intonation on the speech comprehension task.Conclusions These results are consistent with studies linking oxytocin to social recognition in rodents as well as studies linking oxytocin to prosocial behavior in humans and suggest that oxytocin might facilitate social information processing in those with autism. These findings also provide preliminary support for the use of oxytocin in the treatment of autism.
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Oxytocin infusion improves repetitive behaviors in adults with autism and has positive effects on social behaviors and cognition.
“Improvements in repetitive behaviors in adults with autism following oxytocin infusion have been demonstrated [169] as well as positive effects on social behaviors and cognition [170].”
From Consensus Paper: Pathological Role of the Cerebellum in Autism (2012) · cites this paper as [170]
Neutral images with averted gaze induce more reliably skin conductance responses than appeasing or aggressive facial expressions.
“an earlier finding indicating that neutral images with averted gaze induce more reliably skin conductance responses than appeasing or aggressive facial expressions (Hollander et al., 2007).”
From Oxytocin enhances gaze-following responses to videos of natural social behavior in adult male rhesus monkeys (2016) · cites this paper as Hollander et al., 2007
In children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, plasma OT administration tends to improve social information processing and increases the number of self-initiated social interactions.
“In children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, plasma OT administration tends to improve social information processing and increases the number of self-initiated social interactions (Hollander et al., 2007).”
From The effect of oxytocin on cooperation in a prisoner's dilemma depends on the social context and a person's social value orientation (2014) · cites this paper as Hollander et al., 2007
Oxytocin administration has been shown to improve social decision-making in patients with autism.
“OT administration has been shown to improve social decision-making (Andari et al., 2010; Hollander et al., 2007)”
From Effects of intranasal oxytocin on social anxiety in males with fragile X syndrome (2012) · cites this paper as Hollander et al., 2007
OT infusions in high-functioning ASD subjects enhance retention of social information.
“For example, OT infusions in high-functioning ASD subjects have been reported to enhance retention of social information [46], although much more research into this area is needed.”
From The prairie vole: An emerging model organism for understanding the social brain (2010) · cites this paper as [46]
Evidence has supported the investigation of OT as a treatment for Fragile X syndrome.
“Evidence has supported the investigation of OT as a treatment for FXS (Bartz and Hollander, 2006; Hall et al., 2012; Hollander et al., 2007).”
From Oxytocin and vasopressin systems in genetic syndromes and neurodevelopmental disorders (2014) · cites this paper as Hollander et al., 2007
Watanabe and colleagues reported significant improvements in diagnostic symptoms after a six-week oxytocin administration period in high-functioning adults with ASD, specifically on the reciprocity subscale of the ADOS, resting-state functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and increased fixations to eye regions.
“Watanabe and colleagues reported the first evidence of significant improvements in diagnostic symptoms after a six-week administration period in highfunctioning adults with ASD.55 In a crossover design, 20 adults with ASD (18 completed) with average-to-high intelligence were assessed on clinical outcomes of ASD severity, as well as experimental and neuroimaging measures previously shown to be”
From Beyond the hype and hope: critical considerations for intranasal oxytocin research in autism spectrum disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
There is both animal and human research to suggest systemic OT can influence social behavior and cognition.
“There is both animal (Popik et al., 1992) and human (Hollander et al., 2007(Hollander et al., , 2003) ) research to suggest systemic OT can influence social behavior and cognition”
From Low dose intranasal oxytocin delivered with Breath Powered device dampens amygdala response to emotional stimuli: A peripheral effect-controlled within-subjects randomized dose-response fMRI trial (2016) · cites this paper as Hollander et al., 2007
Previous research has shown modest effects of OT on people suffering from social deficits, such as autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, or social anxiety disorder.
“Previous research has shown modest effects of OT on people suffering from social deficits, such as autism spectrum disorders (Hollander et al., 2007), schizophrenia (Pedersen et al., 2011) or social anxiety disorder (Guastella et al., 2009).”
From OT promotes closer interpersonal distance among highly empathic individuals (2015) · cites this paper as Hollander et al., 2007
Inhaled OT improves the accuracy of first order beliefs by enhancing one's ability to 'put oneself emotionally in the shoes of another person'.
“Some evidence also suggests that inhaled OT improves the accuracy of first order beliefs by enhancing one’s ability to ‘put oneself emotionally in the shoes of another person’ (Domes et al., 2007; Hollander et al., 2007; Averbeck, 2010; Guastella et al., 2010; Pedersen et al., 2011; Schulze et al., 2011; Shamay-Tsoory et al., 2013).”
From Oxytocin promotes altruistic punishment (2017) · cites this paper as Hollander et al., 2007
Oxytocin, relative to placebo, improves recognition and memory of social-emotional information in individuals with ASD.
“improves the recognition and memory of social–emotional information [173,174]”
From Social “wanting” dysfunction in autism: neurobiological underpinnings and treatment implications (2012) · cites this paper as [174]
Peripheral or nasal administration of OT facilitates social recognition and trust in healthy humans and increases eye contact and recognition in autistic subjects.
“Peripheral or nasal administration of OT facilitates social recognition and trust in healthy humans (Guastella et al., 2008a andb, 2009;Ditzen et al., 2009) and increases eye contact and recognition in autistic subjects (Hollander et al., 2007;Yamasue et al., 2009).”
From Two genetic variants of CD38 in subjects with autism spectrum disorder and controls (2010) · cites this paper as Hollander et al., 2007
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“…rich in OT and AVP receptors and in areas playing a key role in reward, social bonding, arousal and memory (e.g., the striatum, basal forebrain, insula, amygdala and hippocampus), whereas OT and AVP either had no effect or in some cases actually decreased brain activity in these regions in women.”
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“The OT system is a potential target for enhancing social cognition in psychiatric disorders (Modi and Young, 2012), and several studies have now shown that IN-OT improves some aspects of social functioning in autism spectrum disorder (Andari et al., 2010; Domes et al., 2013; Hollander et al., 2007).”
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- Authors
- Hollander, E., Bartz, J., Chaplin, W., Phillips, A., Sumner, J., Soorya, L., Anagnostou, E., & Wasserman, S.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- St. John's University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hollander, Eric
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-02
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 498-503
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2080326011
- Cited by
- 693
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 61 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 51
- FWCI
- 31.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (U54MH066673)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- oxytocin, autism spectrum disorder, Asperger syndrome, social cognition, intonation, social information processing, social recognition, prosocial behavior, autism treatment, placebo effect
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Autistic Disorder, Cognition, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oxytocics, Oxytocin, Retention, Psychology, Social Behavior, Speech, Cross-Over Studies, Asperger Syndrome, Comprehension
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