Neural synchrony in cortical networks: history, concept and current status

Uhlhaas, Peter

doi:10.3389/neuro.07.017.2009

Cited by 758Neural dynamics and brain functionNonlinear Dynamics and Pattern FormationNeuroscience and Music Perception

Neural synchrony in cortical networks: history, concept and current status

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Uhlhaas, Peter·2009·Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience

DOI 10.3389/neuro.07.017.2009PMC PMC2723047

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Abstract

Following the discovery of context-dependent synchronization of oscillatory neuronal responses in the visual system, the role of neural synchrony in cortical networks has been expanded to provide a general mechanism for the coordination of distributed neural activity patterns. In the current paper, we present an update of the status of this hypothesis through summarizing recent results from our laboratory that suggest important new insights regarding the mechanisms, function and relevance of this phenomenon. In the first part, we present recent results derived from animal experiments and mathematical simulations that provide novel explanations and mechanisms for zero and nero-zero phase lag synchronization. In the second part, we shall discuss the role of neural synchrony for expectancy during perceptual organization and its role in conscious experience. This will be followed by evidence that indicates that in addition to supporting conscious cognition, neural synchrony is abnormal in major brain disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. We conclude this paper with suggestions for further research as well as with critical issues that need to be addressed in future studies.

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Non-Bayesian alternatives such as disordered neuromodulation, disrupted synaptic pruning, or abnormal cortical dynamics can also account for similar schizophrenia symptom profiles without invoking probabilistic inference.
“Moreover, non-Bayesian alternatives—such as models based on disordered neuromodulation (Hu et al. 2015), disrupted synaptic pruning (Sekar et al. 2016), or abnormal cortical dynamics (Uhlhaas et al. 2009)—can also account for similar symptom profiles without invoking probabilistic inference.”
From The myth of the Bayesian brain (2025) · cites this paper as Uhlhaas et al. 2009
The “Neural Synchrony in Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorders” section (page unavailable) suggests that abnormal synchrony may underlie cognitive dysfunctions and certain symptoms; its “Schizophrenia” subsection links altered oscillations to auditory hallucinations. This supports abnormal cortical dynamics as a possible explanation for some symptoms, but the copy does not establish that such a model accounts for a comparable overall symptom profile or compare it with probabilistic-inference models. (LLM, conf=0.80)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Neural synchrony plays a key role in coordinating brain functions.
“Neural synchrony thus appears to play a key role in coordinating brain functions.”
From Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance (2016) · cites this paper as Uhlhaas et al., 2009
Phase synchronization depends critically on E/I balance.
“This phenomenon depends critically on E/I balance and is thought to provide a temporal code that underpins coherent perception, thought, and action (the “binding problem”), which has now been observed within and between distributed brain structures during rest, encoding, and higher-order cognition.[54][55][56]”
From Are hallucinations due to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory influences on the brain? (2016) · cites this paper as [54]

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Noticing Familiar Objects in Real World Scenes: The Role of Temporal Cortical Neurons in Natural Vision
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Precisely Synchronized Oscillatory Firing Patterns Require Electroencephalographic Activation
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Perceptual Organization in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Empirical Research and Theoretical Implications.
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How Precise is Neuronal Synchronization?
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Cortically-induced coherence of a thalamic-generated oscillation
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Modification of discharge patterns of neocortical neurons by induced oscillations of the membrane potential
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Neuronal synchrony does not correlate with motion coherence in cortical area MT
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What Is a Neural Correlate of Consciousness?
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Dynamics of Striate Cortical Activity in the Alert Macaque: II. Fast Time Scale Synchronization
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Independent component analysis reveals atypical electroencephalographic activity during visual perception in individuals with autism
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Waves of consciousness: ongoing cortical patterns during binocular rivalry
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Steady state visual evoked potential abnormalities in schizophrenia
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Network Motifs: Simple Building Blocks of Complex Networks
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Squint Affects Synchronization of Oscillatory Responses in Cat Visual Cortex
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Unusual brain growth patterns in early life in patients with autistic disorder: An MRI study
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(Micro)Saccades, corollary activity and cortical oscillations
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Correlation Analysis of Corticotectal Interactions in the Cat Visual System
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Macrocephaly and the control of brain growth in autistic disorders
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Brightness Induction: Rate Enhancement and Neuronal Synchronization as Complementary Codes
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Event-Related Gamma Activity in Schizophrenia Patients During a Visual Backward-Masking Task
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Synchronous neural activity in scale-free network models versus random network models
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Spatiotemporal Structure in Large Neuronal Networks Detected from Cross-Correlation
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Temporal dynamics of information content carried by neurons in the primary visual cortex
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Synchronization of neuronal responses in the optic tectum of awake pigeons
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Phenomenal Awareness and Consciousness from a Neurobiological Perspective
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Behavioral performance modulates spike field coherence in monkey prefrontal cortex
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Pathways that make voices - White matter changes in auditory hallucinations
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Dendritic synaptic integration in central neurons
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The Structure of Consciousness
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White matter maturation reshapes structural connectivity in the late developing human brain
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Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance
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Authors: Uhlhaas, P.
Affiliations: Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
Corresponding author: Uhlhaas, Peter
ORCID: Uhlhaas, Peter
Venue: Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2009
Volume: 3
Pages: 17-17
ISSN: 1662-5145 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/neuro.07.017.2009
PMC: PMC2723047
OpenAlex: W2123492259
Cited by: 758
References: 189
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 51 · 2012: 57
FWCI: 24.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01GQ0840)
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
Keywords: neuronal synchronization, cortical networks, perceptual organization, expectancy, subjective experience, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder

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