A novel pathway regulates memory and plasticity via SIRT1 and miR-134
Open accessAbstract
The NAD-dependent deacetylase Sir2 was initially identified as a mediator of replicative lifespan in budding yeast and was subsequently shown to modulate longevity in worms and flies. Its mammalian homologue, SIRT1, seems to have evolved complex systemic roles in cardiac function, DNA repair and genomic stability. Recent studies suggest a functional relevance of SIRT1 in normal brain physiology and neurological disorders. However, it is unknown if SIRT1 has a role in higher-order brain functions. We report that SIRT1 modulates synaptic plasticity and memory formation via a microRNA-mediated mechanism. Activation of SIRT1 enhances, whereas its loss-of-function impairs, synaptic plasticity. Surprisingly, these effects were mediated via post-transcriptional regulation of cAMP response binding protein (CREB) expression by a brain-specific microRNA, miR-134. SIRT1 normally functions to limit expression of miR-134 via a repressor complex containing the transcription factor YY1, and unchecked miR-134 expression following SIRT1 deficiency results in the downregulated expression of CREB and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), thereby impairing synaptic plasticity. These findings demonstrate a new role for SIRT1 in cognition and a previously unknown microRNA-based mechanism by which SIRT1 regulates these processes. Furthermore, these results describe a separate branch of SIRT1 signalling, in which SIRT1 has a direct role in regulating normal brain function in a manner that is disparate from its cell survival functions, demonstrating its value as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of central nervous system disorders.
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BDNF expression is epigenetically regulated by miRNAs (including miR-132 and miR-206), which can bind BDNF mRNA and suppress translation.
“BDNF expression is epigenetically regulated by miRNAs (including miR-132 and miR-206), which can bind BDNF mRNA and suppress translation”
From The clinical use of epigenetics in psychiatry: a narrative review of epigenetic mechanisms, key candidate genes, and precision psychiatry (2025) · cites this paper as [71]
The paper reports that miR-134 suppresses CREB translation and that CREB regulates BDNF expression (indexed passages labelled Abstract; no page given), supporting an indirect miRNA–BDNF link. It does not support the claimed roles of miR-132 or miR-206, or show miRNAs binding BDNF mRNA to suppress its translation; the tested target is CREB mRNA. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredClass III HDAC SIRT, which deacetylates histones and nonhistone proteins, is associated with hippocampal neuroplasticity and depression-like behavior.
“class III HDAC (i.e., SIRT), which deacetylates histones and nonhistone proteins, also appears to be associated with hippocampal neuroplasticity and depression-like behavior.151–153”
From Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential (2023) · cites this paper as [152]
The indexed paper’s main text (labelled Abstract; no page number available) reports that SIRT1 loss impairs hippocampal long-term potentiation and reduces dendritic spine density, supporting the neuroplasticity association. It describes Sir2 as a deacetylase but does not establish the stated histone and nonhistone substrates, and its behavioral tests concern memory rather than depression-like behavior. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDysregulation of these miRNAs is linked to mood disorder and schizophrenia.
“Dysregulation of these miRNAs is linked to mood disorder and schizophrenia”
From The clinical use of epigenetics in psychiatry: a narrative review of epigenetic mechanisms, key candidate genes, and precision psychiatry (2025) · cites this paper as [71]
The paper’s miRNA discussion (section labeled Abstract; page unavailable) reports altered miRNA expression in SIRT1-deficient mouse hippocampi and effects on memory and synaptic plasticity. Searches for “mood disorder” and “schizophrenia” found no passage linking these miRNAs to either condition. (LLM, conf=0.74)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredSIRT1 promotes neurite outgrowth and axon development and regulates dendritic arborization, long-term potentiation, learning, and memory.
“Furthermore, SIRT1 has been shown to promote neurite outgrowth and axon development, in addition to regulating dendritic arborization, long-term potentiation and learning, and memory (Gao et al., 2010).”
From NAD+ in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders (2019) · cites this paper as Gao et al., 2010
SIRT1 knockout mice or mice expressing catalytically inactive SIRT1 showed defects in cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity.
“SIRT1 knockout mice or mice expressing catalytically inactive SIRT1 showed defects in cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity.”
From Epigenetic mechanisms of major depression: Targeting neuronal plasticity (2018) · cites this paper as [87]
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- Authors
- Gao, J., Wang, W.-Y., Mao, Y.-W., Gräff, J., Guan, J.-S., Pan, L., Mak, G., Kim, D., Su, S. C., & Tsai, L.-H.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Broad Institute (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tsai, Li-Huei
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2010-07-11
- Volume
- 466
- Issue
- 7310
- Pages
- 1105-1109
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC2928875
- OpenAlex
- W1991660337
- Cited by
- 975
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 93 · 2013: 80 · 2012: 62
- FWCI
- 28.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG027916)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- SIRT1, miR-134, synaptic plasticity, memory formation, CREB, post-transcriptional regulation, microRNA, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, YY1, Sir2, NAD+-dependent deacetylase, neurodegenerative diseases, cognitive impairment, synaptic efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Male, Memory, Memory Disorders, Neuronal Plasticity, Protein Binding, Sequence Deletion, Long-Term Potentiation, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, MicroRNAs, CREB-Binding Protein, Mice, Electrical Synapses, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Sirtuin 1
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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