Corridors of migrating neurons in the human brain and their decline during infancy
Open accessAbstract
The subventricular zone of many adult non-human mammals generates large numbers of new neurons destined for the olfactory bulb. Along the walls of the lateral ventricles, immature neuronal progeny migrate in tangentially oriented chains that coalesce into a rostral migratory stream (RMS) connecting the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb. The adult human subventricular zone, in contrast, contains a hypocellular gap layer separating the ependymal lining from a periventricular ribbon of astrocytes. Some of these subventricular zone astrocytes can function as neural stem cells in vitro, but their function in vivo remains controversial. An initial report found few subventricular zone proliferating cells and rare migrating immature neurons in the RMS of adult humans. In contrast, a subsequent study indicated robust proliferation and migration in the human subventricular zone and RMS. Here we find that the infant human subventricular zone and RMS contain an extensive corridor of migrating immature neurons before 18 months of age but, contrary to previous reports, this germinal activity subsides in older children and is nearly extinct by adulthood. Surprisingly, during this limited window of neurogenesis, not all new neurons in the human subventricular zone are destined for the olfactory bulb--we describe a major migratory pathway that targets the prefrontal cortex in humans. Together, these findings reveal robust streams of tangentially migrating immature neurons in human early postnatal subventricular zone and cortex. These pathways represent potential targets of neurological injuries affecting neonates.
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Some neurogenesis occurs after birth: neurons continue to arise and migrate from the subventricular zone of the anterior lateral ventricles to the olfactory bulb and ventromedial prefrontal cortex during the first 18 months of postnatal life.
“one study showed that neurons continue to arise and migrate from the subventricular zone of the anterior lateral ventricles to the olfactory bulb and ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the first 18 months of postnatal life205.”
From Imaging structural and functional brain development in early childhood (2018) · cites this paper as [205]
The astroglial population is likely largely non-proliferative and fully differentiated by the end of the first postnatal year.
“The astroglial population is likely largely non-proliferative and fully differentiated by the end of the first postnatal year (Kang et al., 2011; Sanai et al., 2011)”
From The Cellular and Molecular Landscapes of the Developing Human Central Nervous System (2016) · cites this paper as Sanai et al., 2011
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- Authors
- Sanai, N., Nguyen, T., Ihrie, R. A., Mirzadeh, Z., Tsai, H.-H., Wong, M., Gupta, N., Berger, M. S., Huang, E., Garcia-Verdugo, J.-M., Rowitch, D. H., & Alvarez-Buylla, A.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Barrow Neurological Institute (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rowitch, David H.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2011-09-28
- Volume
- 478
- Issue
- 7369
- Pages
- 382-386
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC3197903
- OpenAlex
- W2012253237
- Cited by
- 849
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 62 · 2016: 63 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 86 · 2013: 75 · 2012: 68
- FWCI
- 24.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institutes of Health (K26OD010927)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R37NS028478, R01NS059893, R01NS082745, R01NS028478, F32NS058180)
- National Center for Research Resources (K26RR024858)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R37HD032116, R01HD032116)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Congenital heart defects research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Keywords
- rostral migratory stream, subventricular zone, neuronal migration, tangential migration, human brain development, postnatal neurogenesis, prefrontal cortex, olfactory bulb, neuronal precursors, neural stem cells, infancy, neonatal brain injury
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brain, Cell Movement, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Middle Aged, Neurons, Olfactory Pathways, Cell Proliferation
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