Cited by 529Neural dynamics and brain functionVisual perception and processing mechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Fast modulation of visual perception by basal forebrain cholinergic neurons

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Pinto, Lucas, Goard, Michael J, Estandian, Daniel, Xu, Min, Kwan, Alex C, Lee, Seung-Hee, Harrison, Thomas C, Feng, Guoping +1 more·2013·Nature Neuroscience

Abstract

The basal forebrain provides the primary source of cholinergic input to the cortex, and it has a crucial function in promoting wakefulness and arousal. However, whether rapid changes in basal forebrain neuron spiking in awake animals can dynamically influence sensory perception is unclear. Here we show that basal forebrain cholinergic neurons rapidly regulate cortical activity and visual perception in awake, behaving mice. Optogenetic activation of the cholinergic neurons or their V1 axon terminals improved performance of a visual discrimination task on a trial-by-trial basis. In V1, basal forebrain activation enhanced visual responses and desynchronized neuronal spiking; these changes could partly account for the behavioral improvement. Conversely, optogenetic basal forebrain inactivation decreased behavioral performance, synchronized cortical activity and impaired visual responses, indicating the importance of cholinergic activity in normal visual processing. These results underscore the causal role of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in fast, bidirectional modulation of cortical processing and sensory perception.

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  • Stimulation of the basal forebrain can have many of the same effects as those associated with arousal and locomotion, including increased amplitude and precision of sensory evoked responses.

    “Stimulation of the basal forebrain can have many of the same effects as those associated with arousal and locomotion, including increased amplitude and precision of sensory evoked responses (Goard and Dan, 2009; Pinto et al., 2013).”

    From Waking state: rapid variations modulate neural and behavioral responses (2015) · cites this paper as Pinto et al., 2013

  • There is some evidence for the role of basal forebrain cholinergic cells in alertness.

    “with some evidence for the role of basal forebrain cholinergic cells (Harris and Thiele, 2011; Lee and Dan, 2012; Pinto et al., 2013; Hangya et al., 2015; Reimer et al., 2016).”

    From Ancestral Circuits for the Coordinated Modulation of Brain State (2017) · cites this paper as Pinto et al., 2013

  • Optogenetic stimulation of endogenous ACh release in mouse V1 desynchronizes spiking and enhances visual perceptual performance without altering overall firing rates.

    “In contrast to the effects of pharmacological agents, optogenetic stimulation of endogenous ACh release in mouse V1 desynchronizes spiking and enhances visual perceptual performance, without altering overall firing rates175.”

    From Mechanisms underlying gain modulation in the cortex (2020) · cites this paper as [175]

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Authors
Pinto, L., Goard, M. J., Estandian, D., Xu, M., Kwan, A. C., Lee, S.-H., Harrison, T. C., Feng, G., & Dan, Y.
Affiliations
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
  • McGovern Institute for Brain Research (US)
Corresponding author
Dan, Yang
Venue
Nature Neuroscience
Published
2013-10-27
Volume
16
Issue
12
Pages
1857-1863
ISSN
  • 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
  • 1546-1726
OpenAlex
W1971638449
Cited by
529
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 32
FWCI
21.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • KAIST Institutional Repository (KAIST) (submittedVersion)
  • PMC
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (RC1MH088434)
  • National Eye Institute (R01EY018861)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (F31NS059258, F31NS084696)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, visual perception, visual cortex, primary visual cortex, cortical desynchronization, neuronal spiking, visual discrimination, optogenetic stimulation, cholinergic modulation, sensory processing
MeSH terms
Channelrhodopsins, Acetylcholine, Action Potentials, Animals, Cholera Toxin, Choline O-Acetyltransferase, Exercise Test, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Luminescent Proteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Neural Pathways, Photic Stimulation, Visual Perception, Prosencephalon, Proton Pumps, Archaeal Proteins, RNA, Untranslated, Halorhodopsins, Mice, Cholinergic Neurons

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