Oligodendrocytes in development, myelin generation and beyond
Open accessAbstract
Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that are generated from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC). OPC are distributed throughout the CNS and represent a pool of migratory and proliferative adult progenitor cells that can differentiate into oligodendrocytes. The central function of oligodendrocytes is to generate myelin, which is an extended membrane from the cell that wraps tightly around axons. Due to this energy consuming process and the associated high metabolic turnover oligodendrocytes are vulnerable to cytotoxic and excitotoxic factors. Oligodendrocyte pathology is therefore evident in a range of disorders including multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. Deceased oligodendrocytes can be replenished from the adult OPC pool and lost myelin can be regenerated during remyelination, which can prevent axonal degeneration and can restore function. Cell population studies have recently identified novel immunomodulatory functions of oligodendrocytes, the implications of which, e.g., for diseases with primary oligodendrocyte pathology, are not yet clear. Here, we review the journey of oligodendrocytes from the embryonic stage to their role in homeostasis and their fate in disease. We will also discuss the most common models used to study oligodendrocytes and describe newly discovered functions of oligodendrocytes.
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Oligodendrocyte pathology is evident in multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease.
“Oligodendrocyte pathology is evident in a range of disorders including multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease (Kuhn et al., 2019).”
From What is a cell type and how to define it? (2022) · cites this paper as Kuhn et al., 2019
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An Overview of Multiple Sclerosis In Vitro Models
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- Authors
- Kuhn, S., Gritti, L., Crooks, D., & Dombrowski, Y.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Dombrowski, Yvonne
- Venue
- Cells
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-11-12
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1424
- ISSN
- 2073-4409 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6912544
- OpenAlex
- W2984544781
- Cited by
- 625
- References
- 229
- Citations by year
- 2026: 69 · 2025: 121 · 2024: 131 · 2023: 113 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 27 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cells (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Medical Research Fund of the Freemasons of Ireland (PhD studentship 2017-2020)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- oligodendrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, myelination, myelin, remyelination, oligodendrocyte development, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, axonal degeneration
- MeSH terms
- Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells, Remyelination, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Humans, Multiple Sclerosis, Myelin Sheath, Oligodendroglia, Schizophrenia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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