Food Cues and Obesity: Overpowering Hormones and Energy Balance Regulation
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Purpose of review In the modern obesogenic environment, food cues play a crucial role in the development of obesity by disrupting hormone and energy balance mechanisms. Thus, it is critical to understand the neurobiology of feeding behaviors and obesity in the context of ubiquitous food cues. The current paper reviews the physiology of feeding, hormonal regulation of energy balance, and food cue responses and discusses their contributions to obesity.Recent findings Food cues have strong impact on human physiology. Obese individuals have altered food cue-elicited responses in the brain and periphery, overpowering hormone and energy balance regulation. Disrupted homeostasis during food cue exposure leads to continued food intake, unsuccessful weight management, and poor treatment outcomes, which further contributes to obesity epidemic. Findings from the review emphasize the crucial role of food cues in obesity epidemic, which necessitates multidimensional approaches to the prevention and treatment of obesity, including psychosocial interventions to reduce food cue reactivity, along with conventional treatment.
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In industrialized countries, constant exposure to food cues associated with highly palatable and energy-dense foods can contribute to overeating and obesity.
“in most current food environments in industrialized countries, people are constantly presented with such opportunities to consume and are surrounded by food cues associated with highly palatable and energy-dense foods, which can contribute to overeating and obesity [34,35].”
From What Is Food Noise? A Conceptual Model of Food Cue Reactivity (2023) · cites this paper as [35]
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- [107]McCaffery JM Haley AP Sweet LH Phelan S Raynor HA Del Parigi A Differential functional magnetic resonance imaging response to food pictures in successful weight-loss maintainers relative to normal-weight and obese controls Am J Clin Nutr 2009 90 928 34 19675107 PMC2744621
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Obesity: pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions
Kong, Y., Yang, H., Nie, R., Zhang, X., Zuo, F., Zhang, H., & Nian, X. (2025) · Molecular Biomedicine · doi:10.1186/s43556-025-00264-9 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
What Is Food Noise? A Conceptual Model of Food Cue Reactivity
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Food cue reactivity: Neurobiological and behavioral underpinnings
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Developmental Changes in Food Perception and Preference
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- Authors
- Belfort-DeAguiar, R., & Seo, D.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Seo, Dongju
- ORCID
- Seo, Dongju
- Venue
- Current Obesity Reports
- Published
- 2018-04-04
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 122-129
- ISSN
- 2162-4968 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5959777
- OpenAlex
- W2795417413
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 112
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9
- FWCI
- 1.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Current Obesity Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K23 DK098286-02)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K08-AA023545)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1 TR00142)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- food cues, obesity, energy balance regulation, hormonal regulation of appetite, feeding behavior, food cue reactivity, neurobiology of eating, obesogenic environment, weight management, psychosocial interventions
- MeSH terms
- Self-Control, Diet, Healthy, Adult, Animals, Energy Intake, Child, Child Behavior, Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Cues, Energy Metabolism, Food Preferences, Humans, Obesity, Risk, Weight Reduction Programs, Pediatric Obesity
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