Biosocial construction of sex differences and similarities in behavior
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According to social-structural theory, a society's division of labor by gender drives all other psychological gender differences.
“According to the theory, a society’s division of labor by gender drives all other psychological gender differences.”
From Gender Differences in Depression in Representative National Samples: Meta-Analyses of Diagnoses and Symptoms (2017) · cites this paper as Wood & Eagly, 2012
Other studies have found smaller gender differences in nations with more gender inequality for outcomes such as self-reports of personality traits and attitudes about mathematics.
“However, other studies have found smaller gender differences in nations with more gender inequality. This pattern has been found for outcomes such as self-reports of personality traits and attitudes about mathematics”
From Gender Differences in Depression in Representative National Samples: Meta-Analyses of Diagnoses and Symptoms (2017) · cites this paper as Wood & Eagly, 2012
Social-structural theory predicts that larger gender differences should be observed in nations with more gender inequality.
“The theory predicts that larger gender differences should be observed in nations with more gender inequality.”
From Gender Differences in Depression in Representative National Samples: Meta-Analyses of Diagnoses and Symptoms (2017) · cites this paper as Wood & Eagly, 2012
Salk et al. found quadratic trends for gender differences in interaction with age and age-related factors.
“In addition, Salk et al. found quadratic trends for gender differences in its interaction with age and age-related factors such as “stressors in adolescence and the hormonal and neurodevelopmental changes that vary by sex and peaking at ages 13–15 years and declining in the 20s”.”
From Predictors of recurrence of major depressive disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
Salk et al. put forward Eagly and Wood's social-structural theory that larger gender differences should be observed in nations with more gender inequality.
“In a meta-analysis of the effect of gender and age on depressive symptoms, Salk et al. put forward Eagly and Wood’s social-structural theory [62] that “larger gender differences should be observed in nations with more gender inequality”.”
From Predictors of recurrence of major depressive disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
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Salk, R. H., Hyde, J. S., & Abramson, L. Y. (2017) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000102 · Cited by 2,622 · see citing works
“Eagly and Wood’s social-structural theory (Eagly & Wood, 1999; Wood & Eagly, 2012) also provides a framework for un- derstanding the relationship between gender inequality and the magnitude of psychological gender differences.”
Why are some STEM fields more gender balanced than others?
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Simpson’s gender-equality paradox
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“33 and 55 for some references showing smaller differences over time), but not as a function of gender equality, and often in a limited number of years.”
- Authors
- Wood, W., & Eagly, A. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Venue
- Advances in experimental social psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 2012
- Pages
- 55-123
- ISSN
- 0065-2601 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W150582669
- Cited by
- 770
- References
- 410
- Citations by year
- 2026: 51 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 97 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 117.16
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advances in experimental social psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Roles and Identity Studies
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Keywords
- sex differences in behavior, gender roles, division of labor, child socialization, child temperament, gender-typical behavior, gender identity, gender expectations, essentialism, hormones, social perception, cross-cultural variation, evolutionary psychology
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