The Circadian Clock and Human Health
Open accessAbstract
Epidemiological studies provided the first evidence suggesting a connection between the circadian clock and human health. Mutant mice convincingly demonstrate the principle that dysregulation of the circadian system leads to a multitude of pathologies. Chrono-medicine is one of the most important upcoming themes in the field of circadian biology. Although treatments counteracting circadian dysregulation are already being applied (e.g., prescribing strong and regular zeitgebers), we need to comprehend entrainment throughout the body's entire circadian network before understanding the mechanisms that tie circadian dysregulation to pathology. Here, we attempt to provide a systematic approach to understanding the connection between the circadian clock and health. This taxonomy of (mis)alignments on one hand exposes how little we know about entrainment within any organism and which 'eigen-zeitgeber' signals are used for entrainment by the different cells and tissues. On the other hand, it provides focus for experimental approaches and tools that will logically map out how circadian systems contribute to disease as well as how we can treat and prevent them.
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Chronic circadian disruptions, as in shift work or frequent travel across time zones, cause long term physiological and neurological health to deteriorate.
“However, when circadian disruptions are chronic, as in shift work or frequent travel across time zones, long term physiological and neurological health deteriorate2, 5.”
From Maternal and Early-Life Circadian Disruption Have Long-Lasting Negative Consequences on Offspring Development and Adult Behavior in Mice (2017) · cites this paper as [5]
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Meal timing regulates the human circadian system
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“…and synchronized oscillation of the central clock with the various peripheral tissue clocks is thought to optimally coordinate an organism’s metabolism (Bass and Takahashi, 2010), supporting its health and fitness (Nedeltcheva and Scheer, 2014; Roenneberg and Merrow, 2016; Scheer et al., 2009).”
BackgroundO’Loughlin, J., Casanova, F., Jones, S. E., Hagenaars, S. P., Beaumont, R. N., Freathy, R. M., Watkins, E. R., Vetter, C., Rutter, M. K., Cain, S. W., et al. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01157-3 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Central Circadian Clock Regulates Energy Metabolism
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Association between polarity of first episode and solar insolation in bipolar I disorder
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Cleary-Gaffney, M., & Coogan, A. N. (2018) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.03.010 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Roenneberg, T., & Merrow, M.
- Affiliations
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Roenneberg, Till
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-05
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- R432-R443
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2406604088
- Cited by
- 1,004
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 86 · 2025: 115 · 2024: 113 · 2023: 100 · 2022: 109 · 2021: 118 · 2020: 160 · 2019: 96 · 2018: 68 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 7.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- circadian clock, circadian dysfunction, circadian entrainment, zeitgebers, circadian misalignment, chronotherapy, circadian health
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Health Status, Humans, Circadian Clocks
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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