Cited by 33Memory and Neural MechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchMemory Processes and Influences

Pattern and predictability in memory formation: From molecular mechanisms to clinical relevance

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Philips, Gary T., Kopec, Ashley M., Carew, Thomas J.·2013·Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

Abstract

Most long-term memories are formed as a consequence of multiple experiences. The temporal spacing of these experiences is of considerable importance: experiences distributed over time (spaced training) are more easily encoded and remembered than either closely spaced experiences, or a single prolonged experience (massed training). In this article, we first review findings from studies in animal model systems that examine the cellular and molecular properties of the neurons and circuits in the brain that underlie training pattern sensitivity during long-term memory (LTM) formation. We next focus on recent findings which have begun to elucidate the mechanisms that support inter-trial interactions during the induction of LTM. Finally, we consider the implications of these findings for developing therapeutic strategies to address questions of direct clinical relevance.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.nlm.2013.05.003

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  • Spaced training leads to improved memory in invertebrates such as Aplysia californica, Drosophila melanogaster and bees, and in rodents and non-human primates.

    “Spaced training also leads to improved memory in invertebrates, such as the mollusk Aplysia californica11–14, Drosophila melanogaster15,16 and bees17, and in rodents18,19 and non-human primates20,21.”
  • In response to each 5-HT pulse, PKA activity increases rapidly and decays rapidly.

    “In response to each 5-HT pulse, PKA activity increases rapidly and decays rapidly (FIG. 4c).”
  • MAPK activity rises and decays more slowly, not peaking until ~45 minutes after a pulse.

    “MAPK activity rises and decays more slowly, not peaking until ~45 minutes after a pulse.”

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1 of the 145 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Janiszewski C Noel H Sawyer AG 2003 A Meta-analysis of the Spacing Effect in Verbal Learning: Implications for Research on Advertising Repetition and Consumer Memory Journal of Consumer Research 30 138 149
  2. Landauer TK Bjork RA 1978 Optimum rehearsal patterns and name learning London Academic Press

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Authors
Philips, G. T., Kopec, A. M., & Carew, T. J.
Affiliations
New York University (US)
Corresponding author
Philips, Gary T.
Venue
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-10
Volume
105
Pages
117-124
ISSN
1074-7427 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2159963075
Cited by
33
References
145
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 2
FWCI
0.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neurobiology of Learning and Memory (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH094792, R01MH041083, R01MH081151)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Keywords
long-term memory, spaced training, massed training, temporal spacing, memory formation, memory encoding, neural circuits, molecular mechanisms of memory, memory consolidation
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Learning, Neuronal Plasticity, Signal Transduction, Mice, Translational Research, Biomedical, Memory, Long-Term

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