Cited by 923Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchFluorine in Organic ChemistryMass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications

Compound-specific, quantitative characterization of organic fluorochemicals in biological matrices

Hansen, Kristen J., Clemen, Lisa A., Ellefson, Mark E., Johnson, Harold O.·2001·Environmental Science & Technology

Abstract

Since the early 1980s, there has been a steady increase in the use of nonvolatile fluorinated organic compounds for a variety of industrial and commercial applications. The industrial use of these relatively stable compounds has initiated debate over the fate of fluorochemicals in the environment and, ultimately, the bioavailability of these compounds. In this manuscript, we present quantitative results from a study of 65 human sera samples purchased from biological supply companies that provide characterization of specific organic fluorochemicals present in the sera of nonindustrially exposed humans. Summed together, the compound-specific characterization data reported here agree closely with levels of nonspeciated organic fluorine that were originally reported to be present in sera in 1970. The compound-specific method for the extraction of extremely low levels of several commercial organic fluorochemicals from sera and liver with quantitative detection by negative ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry described represents a robust, previously undescribed approach to quantifying specific organic fluorochemicals in biological matrices.

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Crossref · 10.1021/es001489z

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  • IPE and alkaline digestion followed by LLE has been widely employed as a pre-treatment method for biological samples in the last decade.

    “IPE and alkaline digestion followed by LLE has been widely employed as a pre-treatment method in the last decade [75,76], and eluates are usually subjected to an additional clean-up with an SPE cartridge containing HLB, WAX or ENVI-Carb resin.”

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Authors
Hansen, K. J., Clemen, L. A., Ellefson, M. E., & Johnson, H. O.
Affiliations
  • 3M Environmental Laboratory, Building 2-3E-09, P.O. Box 33331, St. Paul, Minnesota 55133-3331
  • 3M (United States) (US)
Venue
Environmental Science & Technology
Published
2001-01-12
Volume
35
Issue
4
Pages
766-770
ISSN
  • 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-5851
OpenAlex
W2049354575
Cited by
923
References
21
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 45
FWCI
21.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
Keywords
organic fluorine compounds, organofluorine compounds, human serum, liver, bioavailability, environmental fate
MeSH terms
Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollutants, Humans, Industry, Organic Chemicals, Public Health, Fluorine Compounds, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

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