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Involvement of oxidative stress-induced abnormalities in ceramide and cholesterol metabolism in brain aging and Alzheimer’s disease

Cutler, Roy G., Kelly, Jeremiah, Storie, Kristin, Pedersen, Ward A., Tammara, Anita, Hatanpaa, Kimmo, Troncoso, Juan C., Mattson, Mark P.·2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.0305799101
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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related disorder characterized by deposition of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and degeneration of neurons in brain regions such as the hippocampus, resulting in progressive cognitive dysfunction. The pathogenesis of AD is tightly linked to Aβ deposition and oxidative stress, but it remains unclear as to how these factors result in neuronal dysfunction and death. We report alterations in sphingolipid and cholesterol metabolism during normal brain aging and in the brains of AD patients that result in accumulation of long-chain ceramides and cholesterol. Membrane-associated oxidative stress occurs in association with the lipid alterations, and exposure of hippocampal neurons to Aβ induces membrane oxidative stress and the accumulation of ceramide species and cholesterol. Treatment of neurons with α-tocopherol or an inhibitor of sphingomyelin synthesis prevents accumulation of ceramides and cholesterol and protects them against death induced by Aβ. Our findings suggest a sequence of events in the pathogenesis of AD in which Aβ induces membrane-associated oxidative stress, resulting in perturbed ceramide and cholesterol metabolism which, in turn, triggers a neurodegenerative cascade that leads to clinical disease.

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Metadata

Authors
Cutler, R. G., Kelly, J., Storie, K., Pedersen, W. A., Tammara, A., Hatanpaa, K., Troncoso, J. C., & Mattson, M. P.
Affiliations
Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Gerontology Research Center, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224; Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush–Presbyterian–St. Luke's Medical Center, 1645 West Jackson Street, Chicago, IL 60612; and Departments of Pathology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
2004-02-15
Volume
101
Issue
7
Pages
2070-2075
ISSN
  • 0027-8424
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.0305799101
Cited by
1,008
References
2
Language
en

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