Connectivity-based subdivisions of the human right “temporoparietal junction area”: evidence for different areas participating in different cortical networks
Abstract
Controversy surrounds the role of the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) area of the human brain. Although TPJ has been implicated both in reorienting of attention and social cognition, it is still unclear whether these functions have the same neural basis. Indeed, whether TPJ is a precisely identifiable cortical region or a cluster of subregions with separate functions is still a matter of debate. Here, we examined the structural and functional connectivity of TPJ, testing whether TPJ is a unitary area with a heterogeneous functional connectivity profile or a conglomerate of regions with distinctive connectivity. Diffusion-weighted imaging tractrography-based parcellation identified 3 separate regions in TPJ. Resting-state functional connectivity was then used to establish which cortical networks each of these subregions participates in. A dorsal cluster in the middle part of the inferior parietal lobule showed resting-state functional connectivity with, among other areas, lateral anterior prefrontal cortex. Ventrally, an anterior TPJ cluster interacted with ventral prefrontal cortex and anterior insula, while a posterior TPJ cluster interacted with posterior cingulate, temporal pole, and anterior medial prefrontal cortex. These results indicate that TPJ can be subdivided into subregions on the basis of its structural and functional connectivity.
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TPJ splits into three separate subregions: a dorsal component connecting to lateral anterior PFC, an anterior region connecting to the ventral attentional network and a posterior region connecting to social cognitive areas such as the precuneus and posterior cingulate.
“Recent research on structural connectivity suggests that TPJ splits into three separate subregions: a dorsal component connecting to lateral anterior PFC, an anterior region connecting to the ventral attentional network and a posterior region connecting to social cognitive areas such as the precuneus and posterior cingulate (Mars et al., 2012).”
From The brain's conversation with itself: neural substrates of dialogic inner speech (2016) · cites this paper as Mars et al., 2012
Posterior portions of STS and adjacent supramarginal gyrus around TPJ have strong connections to IFG, IPS and AI.
“There is also evidence that posterior portions of the STS and adjacent portions of the supramarginal gyrus around the TPJ, both have strong connections to the IFG, IPS and to the AI (Mars et al., 2012; Petrides and Pandya, 2009; Seltzer and Pandya, 1989).”
From The free-energy self: a predictive coding account of self-recognition (2014) · cites this paper as Mars et al., 2012
The supramarginal gyrus is part of a different functional connectivity network with extensive connections to the anterior insula.
“Interestingly, the SMG (see Figure 2) is also part of a different functional connectivity network with extensive connections to the AI [47].”
From On the interaction of social affect and cognition: empathy, compassion and theory of mind (2018) · cites this paper as [47]
Anterior regions of temporoparietal cortex including SMG have greater intrinsic functional connectivity with anterior insula.
“anterior regions, including SMG have greater connectivity with the anterior insula”
From Age-related differences in function and structure of rSMG and reduced functional connectivity with DLPFC explains heightened emotional egocentricity bias in childhood (2015) · cites this paper as Mars et al., 2012
Posterior portions of temporoparietal cortex comprising TPJ have greater intrinsic functional connectivity with medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex.
“This study showed that although posterior portions comprising TPJ have greater intrinsic functional connectivity with medial prefrontal (PFC) and posterior cingulate cortex”
From Age-related differences in function and structure of rSMG and reduced functional connectivity with DLPFC explains heightened emotional egocentricity bias in childhood (2015) · cites this paper as Mars et al., 2012
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“…that TPJ splits into three separate subregions: a dorsal component connecting to lateral anterior PFC, an anterior region connecting to the ventral attentional network and a posterior region connecting to social cognitive areas such as the precuneus and posterior cingulate (Mars et al ., 2012).”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Mars, R. B., Sallet, J., Schuffelgen, U., Jbabdi, S., Toni, I., & Rushworth, M. F. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-09-27
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1894-1903
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- OpenAlex
- W2117629800
- Semantic Scholar
- 7d9893d3ea1ce6472104ad670b482e6ed31172d0
- Cited by
- 520
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 60 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 15.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Spatial Neglect and Hemispheric Dysfunction
- Keywords
- temporoparietal junction, resting-state functional connectivity, structural connectivity, parcellation, inferior parietal lobule, social cognition, anterior prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, posterior cingulate cortex, temporal pole, anterior medial prefrontal cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Male, Middle Aged, Neural Pathways, Young Adult, Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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