Similarity Between Obesity and Drug Addiction as Assessed by Neurofunctional Imaging: A Concept Review
Abstract
Overeating in obese individuals shares similarities with the loss of control and compulsive drug taking behavior observed in drug-addicted subjects. The mechanism of these behaviors is not well understood. Our prior studies with positron emission tomography (PET) in drug-addicted subjects documented reductions in striatal dopamine (DA) D2 receptors. In pathologically obese subjects, we found reductions in striatal DA D2 receptors similar to that in drug-addicted subjects. Moreover, DA D2 receptor levels were found to have an inverse relationship to the body mass index of the obese subjects. We postulated that decreased levels of DA D2 receptors predisposed subjects to search for reinforcers; in the case of drug-addicted subjects for the drug and in the case of the obese subjects for food as a means to temporarily compensate for a decreased sensitivity of DA D2 regulated reward circuits. Understanding the mechanism in food intake will help to suggest strategies for the treatment of obesity.
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Given the observation that cocaine addicts and obese human subjects exhibit low D2R availability in the dorsal striatum, dopamine plasticity due to repeated consumption of palatable food is somewhat similar to that due to repeated consumption of drugs of abuse.
“Given the observation that cocaine addicts and obese human subjects exhibit low D2R availability in the dorsal striatum ([190](#B190)), these findings suggest that dopamine plasticity due to repeated consumption of palatable food is somewhat similar to that due to repeated consumption of drugs of abuse.”
From Food reward, hyperphagia, and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [190]
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- Authors
- Wang, G.-J., Volkow, N. D., Thanos, P. K., & Fowler, J. S.
- Affiliations
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Addictive Diseases
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-07-29
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 39-53
- ISSN
- 1055-0887 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-0848
- OpenAlex
- W2062879497
- Cited by
- 502
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 6.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Addictive Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA/ODO9481-04)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-06891-06, R01DA006891)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- obesity, drug addiction, dopamine D2 receptor, striatum, overeating, reward systems, body mass index, neuroimaging of addiction
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Cocaine, Humans, Methamphetamine, Obesity, Receptors, Dopamine D2, Substance-Related Disorders, Positron-Emission Tomography
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