Cited by 6,643Psychometric Methodologies and TestingHealth Education and ValidationHealth disparities and outcomes

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The MOS social support survey

Sherbourne, Cathy Donald, Stewart, Anita L.·1991·Social Science & Medicine

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Abstract

This paper describes the development and evaluation of a brief, multidimensional, self-administered, social support survey that was developed for patients in the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), a two-year study of patients with chronic conditions. This survey was designed to be comprehensive in terms of recent thinking about the various dimensions of social support. In addition, it was designed to be distinct from other related measures. We present a summary of the major conceptual issues considered when choosing items for the social support battery, describe the items, and present findings based on data from 2987 patients (ages 18 and older). Multitrait scaling analyses supported the dimensionality of four functional support scales (emotional/informational, tangible, affectionate, and positive social interaction) and the construction of an overall functional social support index. These support measures are distinct from structural measures of social support and from related health measures. They are reliable (all Alphas greater than 0.91), and are fairly stable over time. Selected construct validity hypotheses were supported.

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“Quality of Life” Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Trials: Current Status and Strategies for Improving Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Trial Design
LaRocca, N. G., Ritvo, P. G., Miller, D. M., Fischer, J. S., Andrews, H., & Paty, D. W. (1996) · Multiple Sclerosis · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-1271-6_7 · Cited by 21
A happiness degree predictor using the conceptual data structure for deep learning architectures
Pérez-Benito, F. J., Villacampa-Fernández, P., Conejero, J. A., García-Gómez, J. M., & Navarro-Pardo, E. (2019) · Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2017.11.004 · Cited by 20
Empirical evidence suggests adverse climate events have not affected Australian women's health and well‐being
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Social support increases in the year after inpatient treatment of depression
McCall, W. V., Reboussin, B. A., & Rapp, S. R. (2001) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3956(01)00009-7 · Cited by 20
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Cipolletta, S., Mercurio, A., & Pezzetta, R. (2021) · Journal of International Students · doi:10.32674/jis.v12i3.3954 · Cited by 20
Prevalence of and risk factors for loneliness in rural older adults
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Material Hardship and Stress from COVID-19 in Immigrant Chinese American Families with Infants
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“a Question informed by the Covid-19 Exposure and Family Impact Survey (CEFIS) [19] b Question informed by the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale [20] c Question informed by Food Security Module [21] d Question informed by Everyday Discrimination Scale [22] Domains Questions Probes”
Method
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Louwagie, G. M. C., & Ayo-Yusuf, O. A. (2015) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-015-9620-y · Cited by 11
A profile of social participation in a nationally representative sample of Canadian older adults: findings from the Canadian longitudinal study on aging
Reynolds, K. A., Sommer, J., Mackenzie, C. S., & Koven, L. (2022) · Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement · doi:10.1017/s0714980822000150 · Cited by 11
Prevalence and Determinants of Psychiatric Disorders in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Ching Lok, E. Y., Mok, C. C., Cheng, C. W., & Chi Cheung, E. F. (2010) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(10)70705-2 · Cited by 10
Assessing the impact of growth hormone deficiency and treatment in adults: development of a new disease-specific measure
Brod, M., Højbjerre, L., Adalsteinsson, J. E., & Rasmussen, M. H. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-3438 · Cited by 10
Reliability and validity of a self‐efficacy instrument for hepatitis C antiviral treatment regimens
Bonner, J. E., Esserman, D., & Evon, D. M. (2012) · Journal of Viral Hepatitis · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01550.x · Cited by 8
A randomised controlled trial comparing internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) with and without main carer access versus treatment-as-usual for depression and anxiety among breast cancer survivors: Study protocol
Akkol-Solakoglu, S., Hevey, D., & Richards, D. (2021) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2021.100367 · Cited by 8
“Survivors’ perceived support will be measured using the Medical Outcomes Study social support survey (MOS; Sherbourne and Stewart, 1991).”
Method
Developing a model of the determinants of medication nonadherence in older community-dwelling patients
McLoughlin, A., Bennett, K., & Cahir, C. (2019) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kaz004 · Cited by 7
Ageing in Place—The Key to Receiving a Superaged Society
Straughan, P., Tan, Y. W., Tiew, Z., Zheng, Z., Ngu, R., & Hiah, W. T. (2025) · Populations · doi:10.3390/populations1020007 · Cited by 7
“Perceived social support was measured using seven items from the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey [52].”
Infant Feeding Practices and Social Support Networks Among Immigrant Chinese American Mothers With Economic Disadvantage in New York City
Duh-Leong, C., Yin, H. S., Salcedo, V., Mui, A., Perrin, E. M., Yi, S. S., Zhao, Q., & Gross, R. S. (2023) · Journal of Human Lactation · doi:10.1177/08903344221121571 · Cited by 7
“The interview guide (Table 1) was informed by domains of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale, a validated scale that assesses informational, emotional, and material social support (Sherbourne & Stewart, 1991).”
Method
Pandemic-related posttraumatic psychological growth in U.S. military veterans: A 3-year, nationally representative, longitudinal study
Kang, H., Na, P. J., Fischer, I. C., Tsai, J., Tedeschi, R. G., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115370 · Cited by 5
Nurse-led intervention to decrease drug use among LTBI positive homeless adults
Nyamathi, A., Morisky, D., Wall, S. A., Yadav, K., Shin, S., Hall, E., Chang, A. H., White, K., Arce, N., Parsa, T., et al. (2022) · Public Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/phn.13044 · Cited by 5
Efectos de la terapia cognitivo-conductual sobre la depresión en personas mayores institucionalizadas
Sales, A., Pardo Atiénzar, A., Mayordomo, T., Satorres-Pons, E., & Meléndez, J. C. (2015) · Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica · doi:10.5944/rppc.vol.20.num.2.2015.15170 · Cited by 5
Effects of a Personalized Stress Management Intervention on Maternal Mental Health: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Tandon, S. D., Moskowitz, J. T., Edwards, R. C., Zhang, Y., Giase, G., Sinche, B., Blum, A. L., Krislov, S., Reynolds, H. M., Rangarajan, A., et al. (2025) · Archives of Women's Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-025-01619-5 · Cited by 3
“The MOS-SSS (Sherbourne and Stewart 1991 ) consists of 19 items, rated from ‘1’ (none of the time) to ‘5’ (all of the time), measuring the availability of emotional and tangible, with greater scores indicating more perceived social support.”
Untitled work
(2005) · PDXScholar (Portland State University) · Cited by 781

Authors: Sherbourne, C. D., & Stewart, A. L.
Affiliations: RAND Corporation (US)
University of California, San Francisco (US)
ORCID: Stewart, Anita L.
Venue: Social Science & Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1991-01
Volume: 32
Issue: 6
Pages: 705-714
ISSN: 0277-9536 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90150-b
OpenAlex: W2110356839
Cited by: 6,643
References: 58
Citations by year: 2026: 261 · 2025: 343 · 2024: 360 · 2023: 388 · 2022: 405 · 2021: 507 · 2020: 390 · 2019: 392 · 2018: 307 · 2017: 301 · 2016: 343 · 2015: 317 · 2014: 299 · 2013: 262 · 2012: 265
FWCI: 11.96
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Social Science & Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Health Education and Validation
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Keywords: social support, Medical Outcomes Study, chronic disease, functional social support, emotional support, information support, tangible support, affectionate support, positive social interaction, construct validity, reliability statistics, scale development, self-administered questionnaire
MeSH terms: Adult, Health Status, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Support, Statistics as Topic, Reproducibility of Results

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