10 Years of GWAS Discovery: Biology, Function, and Translation
Open accessAbstract
Application of the experimental design of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) is now 10 years old (young), and here we review the remarkable range of discoveries it has facilitated in population and complex-trait genetics, the biology of diseases, and translation toward new therapeutics. We predict the likely discoveries in the next 10 years, when GWASs will be based on millions of samples with array data imputed to a large fully sequenced reference panel and on hundreds of thousands of samples with whole-genome sequencing data.
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Most medically and evolutionarily relevant traits are complex, with hundreds or thousands of loci across the genome contributing to them.
“most medically and evolutionarily relevant traits are complex, with hundreds or thousands of loci across the genome contributing to them34,35.”
From Quantifying the contribution of Neanderthal introgression to the heritability of complex traits (2021) · cites this paper as [34]
Over the past 15 years, genomic analyses have identified thousands of genetic variants that contribute statistically to variation in complex phenotypes, traits that have complex patterns of inheritance and that are affected by large numbers of genes in combination with environmental factors.
“Over the past 15 years, genomic analyses have identified thousands of genetic variants that contribute statistically to variation in complex phenotypes, traits that have complex patterns of inheritance and that are affected by large numbers of genes in combination with environmental factors [18–20].”
From Interpreting polygenic scores, polygenic adaptation, and human phenotypic differences (2019) · cites this paper as [20]
Psychiatric disorders have a polygenic basis: many genetic loci, mostly with small effects, contribute to risk.
“The evidence is now overwhelming that psychiatric disorders are “polygenic”, that many genetic loci contribute to risk.”
From Defining the genetic, genomic, cellular, and diagnostic architectures of psychiatric disorders (2019) · cites this paper as Visscher et al., 2017
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The distribution of common-variant effect sizes
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From R.A. Fisher’s 1918 Paper to GWAS a Century Later
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- Authors
- Visscher, P. M., Wray, N. R., Zhang, Q., Sklar, P., McCarthy, M. I., Brown, M. A., & Yang, J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Centre for Human Genetics (GB)
- Translational Research Institute (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Visscher, Peter M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The American Journal of Human Genetics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-07
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 5-22
- ISSN
- 0002-9297 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5501872
- OpenAlex
- W2725988230
- Cited by
- 3,719
- References
- 149
- Citations by year
- 2026: 328 · 2025: 349 · 2024: 381 · 2023: 363 · 2022: 431 · 2021: 526 · 2020: 563 · 2019: 455 · 2018: 267 · 2017: 50 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 47.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The American Journal of Human Genetics (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (1107258, 1078901, 1078037, 1056929, 1048853, 1113400)
- gs2:Sylvia and Charles Viertel Charitable Foundation
- NIH (GM099568, MH100141-01, MH095034, MH109897, DK098032, DK085545, MH101814, DKD105535)
- Wellcome Trust (090532, 090367, 098381, 106130)
- UK Medical Research Council (L020149, 004422, J010642)
- Innovative Medicines Initiative
- Accelerating Medicines Partnership
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Keywords
- genome-wide association study, complex trait genetics, population genetics, disease biology, translational medicine, therapeutic target, genotype imputation, whole genome sequencing, reference panel
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Multifactorial Inheritance, Genome-Wide Association Study, Translational Research, Biomedical, Genetic Pleiotropy
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