Repeated intranasal oxytocin administration in early life dysregulates the HPA axis and alters social behavior
Open accessAbstract
Agonistic interactions are a powerful stressor. Conversely, positive social interactions can reduce the adverse effects of social stress. This possibly occurs through the action of oxytocin (OT), a neuropeptide able to reduce activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. We hypothesized that repeated OT intranasal administration to neonatal pigs could provide long-lasting protective effects against social stress. In each of six litters, two pigs per litter received 0.5 mL of saline containing 24 IU (or 50 μg) of OT intranasally and two control littermates received 0.5 mL of saline as a control at 1, 2 and 3 days of age. Contrary to our predictions, when socially mixed after weaning at 17 days of age, neonatally OT-administered pigs received more aggressive interactions and performed more aggressive interactions in return, showed greater locomotion, spent less time in social contact, and had greater cortisol concentrations than control pigs. When this social mixing was repeated at 8 weeks of age, OT pigs still performed more aggressive interactions and had greater adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations than control pigs. A dexamethasone suppression test and corticotropic releasing hormone administration challenge at 11 weeks of age revealed that OT pigs were less responsive to dexamethasone than control pigs, suggesting a deficient HPA axis' negative feedback control. Postnatal repeated OT administration altered social behavior and resulted in a long-term dysregulation of the HPA axis. These findings highlight the complex, fine-tuning of the neurobiological mechanisms regulating the development of social behavior and suggest caution in the application of neonatal peptide treatments during early development.
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Postnatal intranasal oxytocin administration in 2.5- to 8-week-old pigs increases intrasexual aggressive behavior and decreases social contact.
“Postnatal intranasal Oxt administration in 2.5- to 8-week-old pigs (Sus scrofa) increases intrasexual aggressive behavior and decreases social contact (39)”
From Oxytocin during Development: Possible Organizational Effects on Behavior (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
In neonatal pigs, repeated oxytocin treatment increases adrenocorticotropic hormone at 8 weeks of age and decreases responsiveness in the dexamethasone suppression test at 11 weeks, indicative of dysregulation of the glucocorticoid response.
“In neonatal pigs, repeated Oxt treatment increases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) at 8 weeks of age and decreases responsiveness in the dexamethasone suppression test at 11 weeks; indicative of dysregulation of the glucocorticoid response.”
From Oxytocin during Development: Possible Organizational Effects on Behavior (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
Pigs that receive oxytocin have less blunting of the cortisol response than controls.
“However, pigs that receive Oxt have less blunting of the cortisol response than controls (39).”
From Oxytocin during Development: Possible Organizational Effects on Behavior (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
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- Authors
- Rault, J.-L., Carter, C. S., Garner, J. P., Marchant, J. N., Richert, B. T., & Lay, D. C.
- Affiliations
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Agricultural Research Service (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rault, Jean-Loup
- Venue
- Physiology & Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-03
- Volume
- 112-113
- Pages
- 40-48
- ISSN
- 0031-9384 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2059603488
- Semantic Scholar
- 693ef10217ef9b69ad824cbbfdb20ac2a48b816d
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 18.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (am, 362 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Physiology & Behavior (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- oxytocin, intranasal administration, newborn piglets, HPA axis dysregulation, social stress, social aggression, cortisol, ACTH, dexamethasone suppression test, corticotropin-releasing factor, negative feedback, social behavior development
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Intranasal, Aggression, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Body Weight, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Dexamethasone, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Motor Activity, Oxytocics, Oxytocin, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Social Behavior Disorders, Social Dominance, Sucking Behavior, Swine, Time Factors, Weaning
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