The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Multidimensional Assessment of Emotion Regulation and Dysregulation: Development, Factor Structure, and Initial Validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale
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In the citing paper
“This measure has demonstrated good internal consistency (α = .93) and validity (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Difficulties in emotion regulation in treatment-seeking alcoholics with and without co-occurring mood and anxiety disorders. (2018) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Emotion regulation capability was assessed using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), a 36-item scale 40.”
In the citing paper
“Posing questions at a single time point about typical behavior does not give us strong purchase on the operation of dynamic concepts in varied contexts (e.g., Gratz & Roemer, 2004; Palmieri, Boden, & Berenbaum, 2009; Salovey, Mayer, Goldman, Turvey, & Palfai, 1995).”
From Psychological flexibility as a fundamental aspect of health (2010) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“This inconsistency in the findings could be due to the different scales used as the original study (Romero-Moreno et al., 2017) employed a measure of acceptance not specifically designed for dementia caregivers (i.e., the subscale of the Emotion Regulation Scale, Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Valued Living Questionnaire Adapted to Caregiving (2023) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“DERS scores have also been shown to have good test–retest reliability (ρI = 0.88, P < 0.01) [14].”
From Emotion regulation in substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“Now, when it comes to assessing dysfunctional ER, in an integrative study on the so-called “Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale,” lack of emotional clarity and, even more seriously, the lack of emotional awareness has been suggested to be a crucial component (Gratz and Roemer, 2004).”
From Collaborative Irrationality, Akrasia, and Groupthink: Social Disruptions of Emotion Regulation (2017) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The DERS has also been reported to have adequate predictive and constructive validity [14], with scores being correlated with depression and anxiety symptoms [18].”
From Emotion regulation in substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“The DERS was developed to assess a range of emotion regulation difficulties associated with the development and maintenance of psychopathology using a single measure to reduce patient burden and clinical overlap which can occur when using multiple tools (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Psychometric properties of acceptance measures: A systematic review (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“It uses a 5-point Likert scale and has shown acceptable test-retest reliability and internal consistency in adolescent populations [137-140].”
From Family Support Protocol for Adolescent Internalizing Disorders: Protocol for a Pre-Post Quantitative Treatment Development Study (2024) · cites this paper as [138]
In the citing paper
“The DERS-16 is a short, valid measure of emotion regulation [29,44].”
From A Virtual Reality-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for and With Inuit in Québec: Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Trial (2023) · cites this paper as [44]
In the citing paper
“The DERS’s psychometric properties are favorable, having moderate to very strong internal consistency (α=.69-.97) and strong retest reliability (r=0.88; ρI=0.85) [29, 46-49].”
From A Virtual Reality-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for and With Inuit in Québec: Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Trial (2023) · cites this paper as [46]
In the citing paper
“In Gratz and Roemer’s (5) definition of adaptive emotion regulation, awareness and acceptance of emotions, and the ability to modulate emotional responses are emphasized, together with controlling impulsive behaviors to act according to a long-term goal or value, despite the presence of negative emotions.”
From An emotion regulation skills training for adolescents and parents: perceptions and acceptability of methodological aspects (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“The conceptualization of emotion regulation in the current intervention is in line with the definition of emotion regulation by Gratz and Roemer (5), which emphasizes awareness, understanding and acceptance of emotions.”
From An emotion regulation skills training for adolescents and parents: perceptions and acceptability of methodological aspects (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“This scale is a well-validated and widely used self-report measure with excellent psychometric properties (internal consistency α = 0.93).”
From Embodied Cognition in Meditation, Yoga, and Ethics—An Experimental Single-Case Study on the Differential Effects of Four Mind–Body Treatments (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“DERS has good psychometric properties in the general population. Internal consistency is 0.93, test-retest reliability is adequate, and convergent and incremental validity are shown.”
From Efficacy of an internet-based psychological intervention for problem gambling and gambling disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The authors found high internal consistency, good test-retest reliability and adequate construct and predictive validity.”
From Brief psychological intervention for distress tolerance in an adult secondary care community mental health service: an evaluation (2020) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“An impaired awareness, understanding and acceptance of emotions or few appropriate emotion regulation strategies [19] are related to interpersonal problems [20, 21].”
In the citing paper
“the multidimensional model of emotion dysregulation proposed by Gratz and Roemer (2004) has been widely adopted in the clinical literature in relation to its association with numerous psychological disorders.”
From An Emotion Regulation and Impulse Control (ERIC) Intervention for Vulnerable Young People: A Multi-Sectoral Pilot Study (2021) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The eight domains are informed by Gratz and Roemer's (2004) model and target important processes or strategies to help young people regulate their emotions and control impulsive behaviors linked to negative emotion (i.e., urgency (Cyders and Smith, 2008; Weiss et al., 2013a).”
From An Emotion Regulation and Impulse Control (ERIC) Intervention for Vulnerable Young People: A Multi-Sectoral Pilot Study (2021) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Based on Gratz and Roemer’s (2004) model of emotion regulation, the Difficulties in Emotions Regulation Scale (DERS) was developed accordingly for the measurement of the difficulties in emotion regulation.”
From Adolescents' mindfulness and psychological distress: The mediating role of emotion regulation (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“DERS was more comprehensive to cover a wider range of emotion regulation strategies including the clarity of emotions, acceptance of emotional experience, impulsion control, goal-directed behavior and flexibility in strategies”
From Adolescents' mindfulness and psychological distress: The mediating role of emotion regulation (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“This construct is not entirely equivalent to emotional dysregulation (operationalised by Maddox et al. with the Emotion Regulation Scale [75]), but encapsulates the latter in combination with difficulty identifying and understanding one’s emotions [76, 77].”
From A 'choice', an 'addiction', a way 'out of the lost': Exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability (2019) · cites this paper as [75]
In the citing paper
“The DERS has been shown to have high internal consistency (α = 0.93), good test-retest reliability (r = 0.88), and construct validity (Gratz and Roemer, 2004).”
From Online mindfulness-enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety and depression: Outcomes of a pilot trial (2018) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Preliminary data indicate high internal consistency, good test-retest reliability and adequate construct and predictive validity.”
From Dbt-enhanced cognitive-behavioral treatment for trichotillomania: A randomized controlled trial (2012) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The questionnaire also has adequate construct and predictive validity and good test-retest reliability.”
In the citing paper
“The internal consistency for the total scale as well as for the subscales appeared to be adequate (varying between a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.80 and 0.93).”
In the citing paper
“The DERS has adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.93), test–retest reliability (r = 0.88), and construct and predictive validity among a college sample (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Feasibility, Acceptability and Preliminary Efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Autistic Adults without Intellectual Disability: A Mixed Methods Study (2022) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“McVey et al. (2021) provided preliminary evidence for the utility of the DERS in autistic adolescents and adults. Their results supported a 6-factor structure, similar to that found in the general population (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Feasibility, Acceptability and Preliminary Efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Autistic Adults without Intellectual Disability: A Mixed Methods Study (2022) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Research supports its reliability and validity. 30,31”
From Dialectical behaviour therapy skills training: A feasibility study with active duty military. (2022) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“Diagnoses were derived by the CIDI and validated by expert clinicians [33][34][35][36][37][38] .”
From Treating Treatment-Resistant Patients with Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia Using Psychotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Switching Trial. (2015) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Some of these habitual affective/cognitive styles can be measured with self-report instruments (e.g., Gratz & Roemer, 2004; Hayes et al., 2004; Hofmann & Kashdan, 2010; Meyer, Miller, Metzger, & Borkovec, 1990; Treynor, Gonzalez, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2003).”
From Toward a Cognitive-Behavioral Classification System for Mental Disorders (2014) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Anxiety and depression were assessed using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety Short Form 8a (Cronbach's α = 0.92) 74,75 and PROMIS Depression Short Form 8a (α = 0.97).”
From Mindfulness training enhances self-regulation and facilitates health behavior change for primary care patients: A randomized controlled trial (2019) · cites this paper as [81]
In the citing paper
“The second questionnaire was the Filipino version of the Emotion Regulation Scale (Gill and Lopez, 2018) adapted from DERS (Gratz and Roemer, 2004).”
From Safe schools for teens: Preventing sexual abuse of urban poor teens, proof-of-concept study-improving teachers'and students'knowledge, skills and attitudes (2020) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The Filipino version of the Emotion Regulation Scale (Gill and Lopez, 2018) was adapted and translated for children from the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale or DERS (Gratz and Roemer, 2004). After translation of the original DERS, only 22 items were retained after exploring the validity and reliability of the translated version (Gill and Lopez, 2018).”
From Safe schools for teens: Preventing sexual abuse of urban poor teens, proof-of-concept study-improving teachers'and students'knowledge, skills and attitudes (2020) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The DERS has high internal consistency (α =.93) and good test-retest reliability (r=.74 −.78 for women).(54)”
In the citing paper
“Graz reported the validity of the questionnaire as 0.93 and its reliability was 0.80, using Cronbach’s alpha (9).”
From Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on interpersonal problems and difficulties in emotion regulation among university students (2017) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“emotion regulation has been indicated as a moderator of anxiety and depressive symptoms [46]”
From Uptake and adherence to an online intervention for cancer-related distress: older age is not a barrier to adherence but may be a barrier to uptake (2017) · cites this paper as [46]
In the citing paper
“The test–retest reliability for the total score is good (r = 0.88; subscales 0.56 < r < 0.90).”
From The Effectiveness of Art Therapy for Anxiety in Adult Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The construct validity and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α > 0.80) is sufficient for all scales (Gratz and Roemer, 2004; Neumann et al., 2010).”
From The Effectiveness of Art Therapy for Anxiety in Adult Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
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Pilot trial of dialectical behavior therapy-enhanced habit reversal for trichotillomania
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McMain, S. F., Chapman, A. L., Kuo, J. R., Guimond, T., Streiner, D. L., Dixon-Gordon, K. L., Isaranuwatchai, W., & Hoch, J. S. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1802-z · Cited by 82
Emotion regulation mediates relationships between mindfulness facets and aggression dimensions
Garofalo, C., Gillespie, S. M., & Velotti, P. (2019) · Aggressive Behavior · doi:10.1002/ab.21868 · Cited by 96
Tombini, M., Assenza, G., Quintiliani, L., Ricci, L., Lanzone, J., Ulivi, M., & Lazzaro, V. D. (2020) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107073 · Cited by 84
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“Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale.”
BackgroundRacine, S. E., & Wildes, J. E. (2014) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000011 · Cited by 90
“The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004) is a 36-item self-report questionnaire that comprehensively assesses the multi-dimensional construct of emotion dysregulation, including difficulties in the ability to monitor, evaluate, and modulate emotional experiences…”
BackgroundInfluentialBunford, N., Evans, S. W., Becker, S. P., & Langberg, J. M. (2014) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-014-9909-2 · Cited by 87
“Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz and Roemer 2004).”
Jutengren, G., Kerr, M., & Stattin, H. (2011) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2010.11.001 · Cited by 94
Emotion regulation in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Petersen, N., London, E. D., Liang, L., Ghahremani, D. G., Gerards, R., Goldman, L. M., & Rapkin, A. J. (2016) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-016-0634-4 · Cited by 81
“One limitation was the administration of the DERS at only a single time point; however, test-retest reliability has shown a correlation of 0.88 (Gratz and Roemer 2004), suggesting that ability to regulate emotion is a stable trait.”
InfluentialRole of Emotion Regulation Difficulties in Predicting Mental Health and W ell-being
Saxena, P., Dubey, A., & Pandey, R. (2011) · Cited by 81
Leerkes, E. M., Su, J., Calkins, S. D., Supple, A. J., & O’Brien, M. (2016) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037/fam0000185 · Cited by 81
“The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004) assesses the extent to which mothers struggle in their awareness, clarity, acceptance and regulation of their negative emotions; items were averaged.”
Becker, S. P., Burns, G. L., Smith, Z. R., & Langberg, J. M. (2020) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-019-00603-9 · Cited by 81
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Metacognitions and emotion regulation as predictors of problematic internet use in adolescents
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Dark Times: The Role of Negative Reinforcement in Methamphetamine Addiction
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“…PTSD and disordered eating (Corstorphine et al., 2007; Ehlers and Clark, 2000; Kashdan et al., 2010; Litz and Gray, 2002), is a multi-faceted trait (Gratz and Roemer, 2004); future research should explore whether additional emotion regulation constructs, such as acceptance of emotions, emotional…”
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“The DERS has been found to have high internal consistency (α = .93), good test-retest reliability, and adequate construct and predictive validity (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
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“Conversely, the other DIRE scales (i.e., Avoid, Venting, and Reassurance-seeking) were associated with greater negative emotions on the PANAS, emotion dysregulation on the DERS, and all subscales of the EROS.”
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“Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) (Gratz and Roemer, 2004) is a 36-item Likert-type scale.”
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“Two widely used tools are the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) 258 , which assesses cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) 259 , which assesses a broader range of facets of emotion (dys)regulation.”
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“89 for the subscales among a college sample (Gratz and Roemer 2004).”
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“Emotion regulation was assessed using six items from the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (33).”
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“We recognize that people do not always regulate their emotions adaptively (e.g., Aldao, Nolen-Hoeksema, & Schweizer, 2010; Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
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“Serene in as little as 4 weeks can benefit from its therapeutic effects. Mindfulness meditations included self-compassionate practices that were meant to not only help with attention regulation and awareness but also to address one’s emotions through a semi-active role by viewing one’s situation through a more holisti…”
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“Among the measures that have been most commonly used to assess these constructs in the eating disorder literature are the Temperament and Character Inventory [9], the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) scales [10], the Revised NEO Personality Inventory [11], the Sensation Seeking Scale…”
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Latent profile analysis and principal axis factoring of the DSM-5 dissociative subtype
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“PTSD and Dissociation Symptom Severity across Five Latent Classes Within Wave 1 participants, who were administered the DERS, no significant differences between groups were observed.”
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Goldberg, S. B., Re, A. C. D., Hoyt, W. T., & Davis, J. M. (2014) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000032 · Cited by 76
“A total score was used for the DERS based on prior work demonstrating significant correlations between subscales and high internal consistency for the composite score ( .93; Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
MethodInfluentialCisler, J. M., Olatunji, B. O., & Lohr, J. M. (2008) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2008.10.002 · Cited by 78
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“…(Eisenberg and Spinrad 2004; Morris et al. 2007), which refers to the processes through which individuals consciously and nonconsciously modulate the timing, intensity and duration of their emotions to appropriately respond to environmental demands (Gratz and Roemer 2004; Gross and Muñoz 1995).”
BackgroundWolz, I., Granero, R., & Fernández‐Aranda, F. (2017) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.01.012 · Cited by 79
Self-disgust as a potential mechanism explaining the association between loneliness and depression
Ypsilanti, A., Lazuras, L., Powell, P. A., & Overton, P. G. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.056 · Cited by 90
Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry: An Interpersonal Approach to Construct Validation
Grove, J. L., Smith, T. W., Girard, J. M., & Wright, A. G. C. (2019) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2019_33_374 · Cited by 85
Khosravani, V., Sharifi Bastan, F., Ghorbani, F., & Kamali, Z. (2017) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.02.029 · Cited by 77
The Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire in Norway
Dundas, I., Vøllestad, J., Binder, P., & Sivertsen, B. (2013) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12044 · Cited by 77
Weiss, N. H., Darosh, A. G., Contractor, A. A., Schick, M. M., & Dixon‐Gordon, K. L. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22768 · Cited by 78
“The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004) is a 36-item self-report measure that assesses individuals’ typical levels of negative emotion dysregulation including nonacceptance of negative emotions (DERS Accept), difficulties engaging in goal-directed behaviors when…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMauas, V., Kopala‐Sibley, D. C., & Zuroff, D. C. (2014) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-014-0434-7 · Cited by 77
“Emotional regulation Emotional regulation was assessedwith the difficulties in emotional regulation scale (DERS; Gratz and Roemer 2004) by summing the goals (e.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialWebb, T. L., Lindquist, K. A., Jones, K., Avishai, A., & Sheeran, P. (2017) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2017.1295922 · Cited by 94
Preece, D. A., Becerra, R., & Campitelli, G. (2018) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2018.1465430 · Cited by 91
“, & Gross, J. J. (2010). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 10, 83-91. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R., & McKee, A. (2013). Primal leadership: Realizing the power of emotional intelligence.”
BackgroundInfluentialAssociations between childhood maltreatment and adult depression: a mediation analysis
Klumparendt, A., Nelson, J., Barenbrügge, J., & Ehring, T. W. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2016-8 · Cited by 88
Willem, C., Gandolphe, M., Roussel, M., Verkindt, H., Pattou, F. N., & Nandrino, J. (2019) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-019-00738-0 · Cited by 91
Moreira, H., Gouveia, M. J., & Canavarro, M. C. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00602-5 · Cited by 104
“…factor of Emotion Dysregulation (Model 1); the original correlated six-factor model in which all DERS-SF dimensions were allowed to correlate (Gratz and Roemer, 2004; Model 2); a second-order model in which items were organized into the six dimensions and in a second-order factor of Emotion…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialEffortful Emotion Regulation as a Unique Form of Cybernetic Control
Tamir, M. (2020) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691620922199 · Cited by 96
“For instance, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004) includes items such as “When I’m upset, my emotions feel overwhelming,” which may capture the intensity of emotional experiences rather than the difficulties regulating them.”
BackgroundEmotion Regulation, Parenting, and Psychopathology: A Systematic Review
Zitzmann, J., Rombold, L., Rosenbach, C., & Renneberg, B. (2023) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-023-00452-5 · Cited by 106
“In addition to the modulation of emotional activation by the use of specific strategies, the definition above encompasses the experience and expression of emotions as further aspects of emotion regulation, such as emotional awareness (Gratz & Roemer, 2004; Gross, 1998).”
MethodWolz, I., Agüera, Z., Granero, R., Jiménez‐Múrcia, S., Gratz, K. L., Menchón, J. M., & Fernández‐Aranda, F. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00907 · Cited by 91
“…control for Type I error inflation, and because the classical Bonferroni’s correction method has been criticized for being too conservative, an improved modified procedure was used here: the Holm–Bonferroni method (see, e.g., Gratz and Roemer, 2004; Weinberg and Klonsky, 2009; Cooper et al., 2014).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationArmey, M. F., & Crowther, J. H. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.76.1.9 · Cited by 77
Psychiatric co-morbidity in women presenting across the continuum of disordered eating
Aspen, V., Weisman, H. L., Vannucci, A., Nafiz, N., Gredysa, D. M., Kass, A. E., Trockel, M., Jacobi, C., Wilfley, D. E., & Taylor, C. B. (2014) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.08.023 · Cited by 77
“The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a 36-item self-report questionnaire measuring degree of emotional selfregulation, and has demonstrated high internal consistency, good test-retest reliability, construct validity, and predictive validity (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundKrause-Utz, A., Veer, I. M., Rombouts, S. A. R. B., Bohus, M., Schmahl, C. G., & Elzinga, B. M. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714000324 · Cited by 79
“Clinical assessment included questionnaires on BPD symptom severity [Borderline Symptom List-95 (BSL-95); Bohus et al. 2007], post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and childhood trauma history [Post-traumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS), Foa, 1995; Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Bernstein et al. 2003…”
BackgroundEmotion regulation ability varies in relation to intrinsic functional brain architecture
Uchida, M., Biederman, J., Gabrieli, J. D. E., Micco, J. A., Angeles, C. D. L., Brown, A., Kenworthy, T., Kagan, E. R., & Whitfield, S. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsv059 · Cited by 77
“In order to have participants reflect a broad range of emotion regulation ability, they were selected on the basis of their responses to DERS (Gratz and Roemer, 2004), a 36-item scale measuring self report of emotions and emotion regulation.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialVera Villarroel, P., Urzúa, A., Pavez, P., Celis-Atenas, K., & Silva, J. (2012) · Universitas Psychologica · doi:10.11144/javeriana.upsy11-3.eswa · Cited by 77
Freed, R. D., Rubenstein, L. M., Daryanani, I., Olino, T. M., & Alloy, L. B. (2016) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-016-0429-y · Cited by 87
“In the realm of emotion regulation, emotional clarity also stands alone from other central factors, including emotional acceptance, emotional control, and emotional awareness (Gratz and Roemer 2004).”
BackgroundEmotion regulation as a moderator between anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptom severity.
Kirwan, M., Pickett, S. M., & Jarrett, N. L. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.028 · Cited by 69
Poissant, H., Mendrek, A., Talbot, N., Khoury, B., & Nolan, J. A. (2019) · Behavioural Neurology · doi:10.1155/2019/5682050 · Cited by 77
“Emotion dysregulation was assessed by the DERS [28] and the DTS [29].”
MethodGawande, R., To, M. N., Pine, E., Griswold, T., Creedon, T. B., Brunel, A., Lozada, A., Loucks, E. B., & Schuman-Olivier, Z. (2019) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-018-4739-5 · Cited by 75
New Technologies for the Understanding, Assessment, and Intervention of Emotion Regulation
Colombo, D., Fernández-Álvarez, J., García Palacios, A., Cipresso, P., Botella, C., & Riva, G. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01261 · Cited by 75
“…a 10-items self-report to assess the use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression to regulate emotions (Gross and John, 2003), or the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (DERS), which explores six different ER dimensions of emotion dysregulation (Gratz and Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundMcMahon, K., Anand, D., Morris-Jones, M., & Rosenthal, M. Z. (2019) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2019.00022 · Cited by 76
Weiner, L., Perroud, N. A., & Weibel, S. (2019) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s192871 · Cited by 90
Zhang, H., Wang, Z., You, X., Lu, W. D., & Luo, Y. (2015) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.06.014 · Cited by 80
Shakory, S., Exan, J. V., Mills, J. S., Sockalingam, S., Keating, L., & Taube-Schiff, M. (2015) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.03.026 · Cited by 72
Tull, M. T., Jakupcak, M., McFadden, M. E., & Roemer, L. (2007) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e318093ed5f · Cited by 76
Self-citationAre, F. G., & Shaffer, A. E. (2015) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-015-0605-4 · Cited by 76
“93) and adequate construct and predictive validity [30].”
BackgroundMethodKrause-Utz, A., Cackowski, S., Daffner, S., Sobanski, E., Plichta, M. M., Bohus, M., Ende, G., & Schmahl, C. G. (2016) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291716001677 · Cited by 80
“Difficulties in Emotion Regulation were assessed by Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS, Gratz & Roemer, 2004, German version: Ehring et al. 2008: Higher scores indicate better emotion regulation capacities).”
MethodTitelius, E. N., Cook, E. C., Spas, J. J., Orchowski, L. M., Kivisto, K., O’Brien, K. H. M., Frazier, E. A., Wolff, J. C., Dickstein, D. P., Kim, K. L., et al. (2017) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2017.1338814 · Cited by 81
“The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004) total score was used to measure ED (α = .94).”
MethodGillespie, S. M., Garofalo, C., & Velotti, P. (2018) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2018.07.006 · Cited by 94
Bardeen, J. R., & Fergus, T. A. (2014) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.03.002 · Cited by 75
“Gratz and Roemer (2004) provided one of the most comprehensive conceptualizations of emotion regulation to date, proposing that effective emotion regulation involves identification and understanding of emotions, acceptance of emotions, perceived access to effective emotion regulation strategies,…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHeffer, T., & Willoughby, T. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.075 · Cited by 74
Wollenberg, G., Shriver, L. H., & Gates, G. E. (2015) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2015.03.008 · Cited by 75
Neumann, D. M., Malec, J. F., & Hammond, F. M. (2017) · Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/htr.0000000000000277 · Cited by 84
Mechanisms of Mindfulness in the General Population
Burzler, M. A., Voracek, M., Hos, M., & Tran, U. S. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0988-y · Cited by 84
“Aspects of emotion regulation were assessed with the Experience Questionnaire (EQ; Fresco et al. 2007; German form: Gecht et al. 2013) and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz and Roemer 2004; German form: Ehring et al. 2008).”
MethodHerd, T., King‐Casas, B., & Kim‐Spoon, J. (2020) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-020-01193-2 · Cited by 108
Han, Z. R., Qian, J., Gao, M. M., & Dong, J. (2015) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-015-0158-y · Cited by 75
“DERS has demonstrated good psychometric properties (Gratz and Roemer 2004) and provides a comprehensive assessment of the parents’ overall emotion regulation difficulties as well as six specific dimensions (e.g., difficulties controlling impulsive behaviors when experiencing negative emotions).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDevelopment and validation of the Eating Loss of Control Scale.
Blomquist, K. K., Roberto, C. A., Barnes, R. D., White, M. A., Masheb, R. M., & Grilo, C. M. (2013) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0034729 · Cited by 84
“…awareness (e.g., “I pay attention to how I feel”), limited access to emotion regulation strategies (e.g., “when I’m upset, I believe there is nothing I can do to make myself feel better”), and lack of emotional clarity (e.g., “I know exactly how I am feeling”; Gratz & Roemer, 2004, p. 48).”
BackgroundFrewen, P., Dozois, D. J. A., Neufeld, R. W. J., & Lanius, R. A. (2011) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0023114 · Cited by 85
Dark Personality Features and Emotion Dysregulation
Zeigler‐Hill, V., & Vonk, J. M. (2015) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2015.34.8.692 · Cited by 75
Lilly, M. M., London, M. J., & Bridgett, D. J. (2014) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0036460 · Cited by 75
Dimaggio, G., Popolo, R., Montano, A., Velotti, P., Perrini, F., Buonocore, L., Garofalo, C., D’Aguanno, M., & Salvatore, G. (2017) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12126 · Cited by 75
Restrictive eating is associated with emotion regulation difficulties in a non-clinical sample
Haynos, A. F., Wang, S. B., & Fruzzetti, A. E. (2018) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2018.1418264 · Cited by 75
“…eating continued to have significant Note: All analyses controlled for age, gender, and BMI; DERS = Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2006); DRS = Dietary Restriction Screener (Haynos & Fruzzetti, 2015) *statistically significant after Benjamini-Hochberg…”
BackgroundInfluentialStevenson, J. C., Millings, A., & Emerson, L.-M. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0970-8 · Cited by 75
“This measure has been shown to have good internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient values greater than .80 for both subscales (Gratz and Roemer 2004) with a test retest reliability of .69 for both subscales over 3 months (Gross and John 2003).”
BackgroundMethodThe Effects of Mindfulness on Sexual Outcomes: The Role of Emotion Regulation.
Pepping, C. A., Cronin, T. J., Lyons, A., & Caldwell, J. G. (2018) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-017-1127-x · Cited by 86
Fonseca, A., Monteiro, F., Alves, S., Gorayeb, R., & Canavarro, M. C. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00265 · Cited by 67
Construct Validity of the Five Factor Borderline Inventory
DeShong, H. L., Lengel, G. J., Sauer-Zavala, S. E., O’Meara, M. S., & Mullins‐Sweatt, S. N. (2014) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191114548029 · Cited by 74
“Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Studies 1 and 2; DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundShort, N. A., Boffa, J. W., Clancy, K. J., & Schmidt, N. B. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.063 · Cited by 74
Neff, K. D., Tóth‐Király, I., & Colosimo, K. (2018) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.2148 · Cited by 91
“After providing consent, participants fi lled out a demographic questionnaire, the SCS, the neuroticism items from the NEO PI-R, and the DERS.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDifficulties in emotion regulation in bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Miola, A., Cattarinussi, G., Antiga, G., Caiolo, S., Solmi, M., & Sambataro, F. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.102 · Cited by 91
Loneliness and emotion regulation: implications of having social anxiety disorder
Eres, R., Lim, M. H., Lanham, S., Jillard, C., & Bates, G. W. (2021) · Australian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00049530.2021.1904498 · Cited by 86
Metadata
- Authors
- Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Boston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gratz, Kim L.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment
- Published
- 2004-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 41-54
- ISSN
- 0164-0305 (ISSN-L)
- 0882-2689
- 1573-3505
- OpenAlex
- W2017039362
- Cited by
- 8,942
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 849 · 2025: 928 · 2024: 828 · 2023: 808 · 2022: 723 · 2021: 730 · 2020: 646 · 2019: 591 · 2018: 546 · 2017: 460 · 2016: 394 · 2015: 339 · 2014: 316 · 2013: 213 · 2012: 171
- FWCI
- 13.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- emotion regulation, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, emotional dysregulation, factor structure, psychometric validation, emotional awareness, emotional acceptance, adults, questionnaire development
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