The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Multidimensional Assessment of Emotion Regulation and Dysregulation: Development, Factor Structure, and Initial Validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale
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In the citing paper
“This measure has demonstrated good internal consistency (α = .93) and validity (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Difficulties in emotion regulation in treatment-seeking alcoholics with and without co-occurring mood and anxiety disorders. (2018) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Emotion regulation capability was assessed using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), a 36-item scale 40.”
In the citing paper
“Posing questions at a single time point about typical behavior does not give us strong purchase on the operation of dynamic concepts in varied contexts (e.g., Gratz & Roemer, 2004; Palmieri, Boden, & Berenbaum, 2009; Salovey, Mayer, Goldman, Turvey, & Palfai, 1995).”
From Psychological flexibility as a fundamental aspect of health (2010) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“This inconsistency in the findings could be due to the different scales used as the original study (Romero-Moreno et al., 2017) employed a measure of acceptance not specifically designed for dementia caregivers (i.e., the subscale of the Emotion Regulation Scale, Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Valued Living Questionnaire Adapted to Caregiving (2023) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“DERS scores have also been shown to have good test–retest reliability (ρI = 0.88, P < 0.01) [14].”
From Emotion regulation in substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“Now, when it comes to assessing dysfunctional ER, in an integrative study on the so-called “Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale,” lack of emotional clarity and, even more seriously, the lack of emotional awareness has been suggested to be a crucial component (Gratz and Roemer, 2004).”
From Collaborative Irrationality, Akrasia, and Groupthink: Social Disruptions of Emotion Regulation (2017) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The DERS has also been reported to have adequate predictive and constructive validity [14], with scores being correlated with depression and anxiety symptoms [18].”
From Emotion regulation in substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“The DERS was developed to assess a range of emotion regulation difficulties associated with the development and maintenance of psychopathology using a single measure to reduce patient burden and clinical overlap which can occur when using multiple tools (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Psychometric properties of acceptance measures: A systematic review (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“It uses a 5-point Likert scale and has shown acceptable test-retest reliability and internal consistency in adolescent populations [137-140].”
From Family Support Protocol for Adolescent Internalizing Disorders: Protocol for a Pre-Post Quantitative Treatment Development Study (2024) · cites this paper as [138]
In the citing paper
“The DERS-16 is a short, valid measure of emotion regulation [29,44].”
From A Virtual Reality-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for and With Inuit in Québec: Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Trial (2023) · cites this paper as [44]
In the citing paper
“The DERS’s psychometric properties are favorable, having moderate to very strong internal consistency (α=.69-.97) and strong retest reliability (r=0.88; ρI=0.85) [29, 46-49].”
From A Virtual Reality-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for and With Inuit in Québec: Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Trial (2023) · cites this paper as [46]
In the citing paper
“In Gratz and Roemer’s (5) definition of adaptive emotion regulation, awareness and acceptance of emotions, and the ability to modulate emotional responses are emphasized, together with controlling impulsive behaviors to act according to a long-term goal or value, despite the presence of negative emotions.”
From An emotion regulation skills training for adolescents and parents: perceptions and acceptability of methodological aspects (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“The conceptualization of emotion regulation in the current intervention is in line with the definition of emotion regulation by Gratz and Roemer (5), which emphasizes awareness, understanding and acceptance of emotions.”
From An emotion regulation skills training for adolescents and parents: perceptions and acceptability of methodological aspects (2024) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“This scale is a well-validated and widely used self-report measure with excellent psychometric properties (internal consistency α = 0.93).”
From Embodied Cognition in Meditation, Yoga, and Ethics—An Experimental Single-Case Study on the Differential Effects of Four Mind–Body Treatments (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“DERS has good psychometric properties in the general population. Internal consistency is 0.93, test-retest reliability is adequate, and convergent and incremental validity are shown.”
From Efficacy of an internet-based psychological intervention for problem gambling and gambling disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The authors found high internal consistency, good test-retest reliability and adequate construct and predictive validity.”
From Brief psychological intervention for distress tolerance in an adult secondary care community mental health service: an evaluation (2020) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“An impaired awareness, understanding and acceptance of emotions or few appropriate emotion regulation strategies [19] are related to interpersonal problems [20, 21].”
In the citing paper
“the multidimensional model of emotion dysregulation proposed by Gratz and Roemer (2004) has been widely adopted in the clinical literature in relation to its association with numerous psychological disorders.”
From An Emotion Regulation and Impulse Control (ERIC) Intervention for Vulnerable Young People: A Multi-Sectoral Pilot Study (2021) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The eight domains are informed by Gratz and Roemer's (2004) model and target important processes or strategies to help young people regulate their emotions and control impulsive behaviors linked to negative emotion (i.e., urgency (Cyders and Smith, 2008; Weiss et al., 2013a).”
From An Emotion Regulation and Impulse Control (ERIC) Intervention for Vulnerable Young People: A Multi-Sectoral Pilot Study (2021) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Based on Gratz and Roemer’s (2004) model of emotion regulation, the Difficulties in Emotions Regulation Scale (DERS) was developed accordingly for the measurement of the difficulties in emotion regulation.”
From Adolescents' mindfulness and psychological distress: The mediating role of emotion regulation (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“DERS was more comprehensive to cover a wider range of emotion regulation strategies including the clarity of emotions, acceptance of emotional experience, impulsion control, goal-directed behavior and flexibility in strategies”
From Adolescents' mindfulness and psychological distress: The mediating role of emotion regulation (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“This construct is not entirely equivalent to emotional dysregulation (operationalised by Maddox et al. with the Emotion Regulation Scale [75]), but encapsulates the latter in combination with difficulty identifying and understanding one’s emotions [76, 77].”
From A 'choice', an 'addiction', a way 'out of the lost': Exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability (2019) · cites this paper as [75]
In the citing paper
“The DERS has been shown to have high internal consistency (α = 0.93), good test-retest reliability (r = 0.88), and construct validity (Gratz and Roemer, 2004).”
From Online mindfulness-enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety and depression: Outcomes of a pilot trial (2018) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Preliminary data indicate high internal consistency, good test-retest reliability and adequate construct and predictive validity.”
From Dbt-enhanced cognitive-behavioral treatment for trichotillomania: A randomized controlled trial (2012) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The questionnaire also has adequate construct and predictive validity and good test-retest reliability.”
In the citing paper
“The internal consistency for the total scale as well as for the subscales appeared to be adequate (varying between a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.80 and 0.93).”
In the citing paper
“The DERS has adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.93), test–retest reliability (r = 0.88), and construct and predictive validity among a college sample (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Feasibility, Acceptability and Preliminary Efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Autistic Adults without Intellectual Disability: A Mixed Methods Study (2022) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“McVey et al. (2021) provided preliminary evidence for the utility of the DERS in autistic adolescents and adults. Their results supported a 6-factor structure, similar to that found in the general population (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
From Feasibility, Acceptability and Preliminary Efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Autistic Adults without Intellectual Disability: A Mixed Methods Study (2022) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Research supports its reliability and validity. 30,31”
From Dialectical behaviour therapy skills training: A feasibility study with active duty military. (2022) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“Diagnoses were derived by the CIDI and validated by expert clinicians [33][34][35][36][37][38] .”
From Treating Treatment-Resistant Patients with Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia Using Psychotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Switching Trial. (2015) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Some of these habitual affective/cognitive styles can be measured with self-report instruments (e.g., Gratz & Roemer, 2004; Hayes et al., 2004; Hofmann & Kashdan, 2010; Meyer, Miller, Metzger, & Borkovec, 1990; Treynor, Gonzalez, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2003).”
From Toward a Cognitive-Behavioral Classification System for Mental Disorders (2014) · cites this paper as Gratz & Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“Anxiety and depression were assessed using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety Short Form 8a (Cronbach's α = 0.92) 74,75 and PROMIS Depression Short Form 8a (α = 0.97).”
From Mindfulness training enhances self-regulation and facilitates health behavior change for primary care patients: A randomized controlled trial (2019) · cites this paper as [81]
In the citing paper
“The second questionnaire was the Filipino version of the Emotion Regulation Scale (Gill and Lopez, 2018) adapted from DERS (Gratz and Roemer, 2004).”
From Safe schools for teens: Preventing sexual abuse of urban poor teens, proof-of-concept study-improving teachers'and students'knowledge, skills and attitudes (2020) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The Filipino version of the Emotion Regulation Scale (Gill and Lopez, 2018) was adapted and translated for children from the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale or DERS (Gratz and Roemer, 2004). After translation of the original DERS, only 22 items were retained after exploring the validity and reliability of the translated version (Gill and Lopez, 2018).”
From Safe schools for teens: Preventing sexual abuse of urban poor teens, proof-of-concept study-improving teachers'and students'knowledge, skills and attitudes (2020) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The DERS has high internal consistency (α =.93) and good test-retest reliability (r=.74 −.78 for women).(54)”
In the citing paper
“Graz reported the validity of the questionnaire as 0.93 and its reliability was 0.80, using Cronbach’s alpha (9).”
From Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on interpersonal problems and difficulties in emotion regulation among university students (2017) · cites this paper as [9]
In the citing paper
“emotion regulation has been indicated as a moderator of anxiety and depressive symptoms [46]”
From Uptake and adherence to an online intervention for cancer-related distress: older age is not a barrier to adherence but may be a barrier to uptake (2017) · cites this paper as [46]
In the citing paper
“The test–retest reliability for the total score is good (r = 0.88; subscales 0.56 < r < 0.90).”
From The Effectiveness of Art Therapy for Anxiety in Adult Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
In the citing paper
“The construct validity and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α > 0.80) is sufficient for all scales (Gratz and Roemer, 2004; Neumann et al., 2010).”
From The Effectiveness of Art Therapy for Anxiety in Adult Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as Gratz and Roemer, 2004
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Items 1,201–1,300 of 1,355
Campbell, A. J., Lanthier, R. P., Weiss, B. A., & Shaine, M. D. (2019) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Counseling · doi:10.1080/23727810.2018.1556989 · Cited by 24
“For the current work, we measured ER using three subscales from the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
MethodWatkins, L. E., Schumacher, J. A., & Coffey, S. F. (2016) · Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2015.1129657 · Cited by 23
“Greater emotion dysregulation is related to higher rates of IPV perpetration among both men and women in college (Gratz & Roemer, 2004; Shorey, Brasfield, Febres, & Stuart, 2011; Shorey, Cornelius, & Idema, 2011).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBallot, O., Daviaux, Y., Sanz-Arigita, E. J., Ivers, H., Micoulaud-Franchi, J. A., Bioulac, S., Philip, P., Morin, C. M., & Altena, E. (2021) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.10.014 · Cited by 22
Manikandan, S., Nillni, Y. I., Zvolensky, M. J., Rohan, K. J., Carkeek, K. R., & Leyro, T. M. (2016) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-016-0661-1 · Cited by 23
“…(First et al. 1994) c DRSP Daily Record of Severity of Problems (Endicott and Harrison 2006) d Perceived control over anxiety-related events (Anxiety Control Questionnaire (Rapee et al. 1996) e Difficulty in emotion regulation (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Gratz and Roemer 2004)”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialRacine, S. E., Hagan, K. E., & Schell, S. E. (2019) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000749 · Cited by 23
Flujas-Contreras, J. M., García-Palacios, A., & Gómez, I. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18062958 · Cited by 23
“6-PAQ: Parental Acceptance Questionnaire; AAQ-II: Acceptance and Action Questionnaire; DERS: Difficulties for Emotion Regulation Scale; PSS: Parental Stress Scale; SWL: Satisfaction with Life Scale; SDQ: Strengths and Difficulties Scale; Sx.: Symptoms; Prob.”
MethodInfluentialDevelopment and validation of the Equanimity Barriers Scale [EBS]
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“The DERS possesses good internal consistency, with alphas ranging from .76 to .89 (Weinberg & Klonsky, 2009) and strong test–retest reliability and convergent validity with other emotion regulation questionnaires in an undergraduate student sample (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundIzhar, L. I., Babiker, A., Rizki, E. E., Lu, C.-K., & Abdul Rahman, M. (2022) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s22072703 · Cited by 21
“The participants also needed to complete some screening tests, as described in the previous section, namely the EAS, DERS, DASS, and FFMQ, at least a few days before the experiment (in both phases I and II).”
MethodInfluentialHall, K., Simpson, A., O'donnell, R., Sloan, E., Staiger, P. K., Morton, J., Ryan, D., Nunn, B., Best, D., & Lubman, D. I. (2018) · Clinical Psychologist · doi:10.1111/cp.12162 · Cited by 22
Emotion regulation in emerging adult gamblers and its mediating role with depressive symptomology
Marchica, L. A., Mills, D. J., Keough, M. T., Montreuil, T. C., & Derevensky, J. L. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.078 · Cited by 22
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“Emotion regulation has been conceptualised as awareness, acceptance and understanding of emotions, as well as an ability to control impulsive behaviours and use appropriate strategies when experiencing negative emotions (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialZdankiewicz-Ścigała, E., Ścigała, D., Sikora, J., Kwaterniak, W., & Longobardi, C. (2021) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255460 · Cited by 21
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“We used a shortened version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; [54]) to weekly measure emotion regulation.”
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“Emotional regulation, which includes awareness and knowledge of emotions, acceptance of these emotions, and the ability to control impulsive behaviors and act properly, can effect one’s physiological responses and social interactions (9).”
BackgroundGiromini, L., Brusadelli, E., Di Noto, B., Grasso, R., & Lang, M. (2015) · Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/02668734.2015.1006666 · Cited by 22
“Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
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“Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; [37,38]).”
Anestis, J. C., Charles, N. E., Lee-Rowland, L. M., Barry, C. T., & Gratz, K. L. (2020) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2019.07.001 · Cited by 17
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Higher Emotion Dysregulation and Coping Motives in Alcoholand Marijuana Users
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“Additional validity evidence comes from scores on the DERS loading with the Negative Mood Regulation Scale (NMR; Catanzaro & Mearns, 1990), which is a similar measure of emotion regulation (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialFortunato, L., Lo Coco, G., Teti, A., Bonfanti, R. C., & Salerno, L. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20156439 · Cited by 20
“Difficulties with Emotion Regulation The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-Short Form) [64,65] is an 18- item self-report measure of emotion dysregulation (e.g., “When I am upset, I become embarrassed for feeling that way”).”
BackgroundVivas-Fernandez, M., Garcia-Lopez, L.-J., Piqueras, J. A., Muela-Martinez, J.-A., Canals-Sans, J., Espinosa-Fernandez, L., Jimenez-Vazquez, D., Diaz-Castela, M. D. M., Morales-Hidalgo, P., Rivera, M., et al. (2023) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-023-00616-9 · Cited by 20
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“The DERS has demonstrated good internal consistency, construct validity, and test-retest reliability among undergraduate students and the general population.(44) Internal consistency was excellent in this study (Cronbach’s a1⁄4 0.”
BackgroundDoes food addiction distinguish a specific subgroup of overweight/obese overeating women?
Bégin, C., St-Louis, M.-È., Turmel, S., Tousignant, B., Marion, L.-P., Ferland, F., Blanchette-Martin, N., & Gagnon-Girouard, M.-P. (2012) · Health · doi:10.4236/health.2012.412a214 · Cited by 20
“Emotion Dysregulation (DERS) [43].”
Emotion regulation in adolescents with mental health problems
Henry, J. D., Castellini, J., Moses, E., & Scott, J. G. (2016) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1100276 · Cited by 19
“The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS, Gratz & Roemer, 2004) was used to assess self-rated capacity for emotion regulation.”
MethodUtilizing DBT Skills to Augment Traditional CBT for Trichotillomania: An Adult Case Study
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“The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) ([20]; Italian version [21]) was administered to assess difficulties in emotional dysregulation.”
MethodBaer, M. M., LaCroix, J. M., Browne, J. C., Hassen, H. O., Perera, K. U., Soumoff, A., Weaver, J., & Ghahramanlou-Holloway, M. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.082 · Cited by 18
Psychometric properties of acceptance measures: A systematic review
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EMOTIONAL DYSREGULATION AND ATTACHMENT DIMENSIONS IN FEMALE PATIENTS WITH BULIMIA NERVOSA
Department of Psychological Medicine, U. H. C. Z., Jakovina, T., Crnkovic Batista, M., Department of Pediatrics, C. H. C. S. M., Razic Pavicic, A., Department of Psychological Medicine, U. H. C. Z., School of Medicine, U. O. Z., Zuric Jakovina, I., Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, U. O. R., Begovac, I., et al. (2018) · Psychiatria Danubina · doi:10.24869/psyd.2018.72 · Cited by 19
“00 Primary school 2 (4) 0 (0) High school 32 (64) 28 (56) Tertiary vocational school 8 (16) 2 (4) University 8 (16) 20 (40)”
MethodInfluentialAndersen, E., Geiger, P., Schiller, C., Bluth, K., Watkins, L., Zhang, Y., Xia, K., Tauseef, H., Leserman, J., Girdler, S., et al. (2021) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000889 · Cited by 19
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Elsaesser, M., Herpertz, S., Piosczyk, H., Jenkner, C., Hautzinger, M., & Schramm, E. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057672 · Cited by 19
Mindfulness, Emotion Regulation, and Performance
Moore, Z. E. (2016) · Mindfulness and Performance · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139871310.003 · Cited by 20
Czamanski-Cohen, J., Wiley, J., & Weihs, K. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037521 · Cited by 19
Verschueren, M., Claes, L., Palmeroni, N., Raemen, L., Buelens, T., Moons, P., & Luyckx, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.667235 · Cited by 19
“For example, using a narrative identity approach (McAdams and McLean, 2013), including other emotion regulation dimensions (such as the flexible use of strategies, maintaining behavioral control, and emotional awareness; Gratz and Roemer, 2004) and focusing on a broader range of ED symptomatology (such as excessive ex…”
MethodFlujas-Contreras, J. M., García-Palacios, A., & Gómez, I. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19095014 · Cited by 19
Al-Dajani, N., Uliaszek, A. A., & Hamdullahpur, K. (2019) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/s40479-019-0112-5 · Cited by 18
Yu, M., Zhou, H., Xu, H., & Zhou, H. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.021 · Cited by 18
Havewala, M., Felton, J. W., & Lejuez, C. W. (2019) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-019-09742-1 · Cited by 18
Frías, Á., Palma, C., Salvador, A., Aluco, E., Navarro, S., Farriols, N., Aliaga, F., Solves, L., & Antón, M. (2021) · Australasian Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1039856220924321 · Cited by 18
Humbel, N., Messerli-Bürgy, N., Schuck, K., Wyssen, A., Garcia-Burgos, D., Biedert, E., Lennertz, J., Meyer, A. H., Whinyates, K., Isenschmid, B., et al. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199769 · Cited by 19
Skill Acquisition During Transdiagnostic Treatment With the Unified Protocol
Sauer-Zavala, S., Rosellini, A. J., Bentley, K. H., Ametaj, A. A., Boswell, J. F., Cassiello-Robbins, C., Wilner Tirpak, J., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2021) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2021.03.001 · Cited by 22
Psychometric evaluation of the Swedish Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI)
Tabrizi, F. F., Larsson, A. B., Grönvall, H., Söderstrand, L., Hallén, E., Champoux-Larsson, M.-F., Lundgren, T., Sundström, F., Lavefjord, A., Buhrman, M., et al. (2023) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2022.2153077 · Cited by 18
on behalf of the Finding My Way study investigators, Beatty, L., Kemp, E., Wade, T., & Koczwara, B. (2015) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1322-x · Cited by 16
Martin, C., Vujanovic, A., & Day, S. X. (2017) · Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2017.1341443 · Cited by 17
“…and behave in accordance with desired goals when experiencing negative emotions, and (d) the ability to use situationally appropriate emotion regulation strategies flexibly to modulate emotional responses as desired in order to meet individual goals and situational demands (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundHall, K., Youssef, G., Simpson, A., Sloan, E., Graeme, L., Perry, N., Moulding, R., Baker, A. L., Beck, A. K., & Staiger, P. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.554100 · Cited by 17
Harris, J., Loth, E., & Sethna, V. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1331256 · Cited by 18
Kim, S., & Kwon, J.-H. (2020) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-019-10045-8 · Cited by 17
Wright, I., Travers-Hill, E., Gracey, F., Troup, J., Parkin, K., Casey, S., & Kim, Y. (2020) · The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist · doi:10.1017/s1754470x20000513 · Cited by 16
“The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz and Roemer, 2004) has 36 items, and higher scores indicate more problems with emotion regulation.”
BackgroundZeifman, R. J., Antony, M. M., & Kuo, J. R. (2020) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.109612 · Cited by 18
Zvolensky, M. J., Paulus, D. J., Bakhshaie, J., Viana, A. G., Garza, M., Manning, K., Rogers, A. H., Cardoso, J. B., Reitzel, L. R., Valdivieso, J., et al. (2017) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-017-9844-y · Cited by 16
“The DERS-Tot has demonstrated high levels of internal inconsistency in past studies (α = 0.93; Gratz and Roemer 2004) and adequate test–retest reliability (ρ = 0.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThéorêt, V., Lapierre, A., Blais, M., & Hébert, M. (2022) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260520915547 · Cited by 17
“Emotion dysregulation was assessed using an abbreviated version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS, Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundMethodVirtual Reality and Other Realities
Botella, C., Baños, R. M., García-Palacios, A., & Quero, S. (2017) · The Science of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803457-6.00022-2 · Cited by 16
PEKER, A., & NEBİOĞLU YILDIZ, M. (2022) · Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences · doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.869465 · Cited by 16
Is Emotion Dysregulation Associated with Suicidal Ideation in Post 9/11 Veterans?
Decker, S. E., Hoff, R., Martino, S., Mazure, C. M., Park, C. L., Porter, E., & Kraus, S. W. (2021) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2019.1661895 · Cited by 15
“The 36-item DERS (Gratz & Roemer, 2004) was administered at Time 2.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRussell, B. S., Heller, A. T., & Hutchison, M. (2017) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2016.1272612 · Cited by 15
“Examples of greater difficulties in emotion regulation include the degree that individuals’ upsetting emotions impact their life, as shown through an increase in impulsive behaviors, with a decrease in their use of positive coping strategies and self-monitoring behaviors (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialTime in treatment: Examining mental illness trajectories across inpatient psychiatric treatment
Oh, H., Lee, J., Kim, S., Rufino, K. A., Fonagy, P., Oldham, J. M., Schanzer, B., & Patriquin, M. A. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.001 · Cited by 15
Vancappel, A., Guerin, L., Réveillère, C., & El-Hage, W. (2021) · European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2021.100220 · Cited by 15
Tifft, E. D., Underwood, S. B., Roberts, M. Z., & Forsyth, J. P. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23313 · Cited by 16
Guerrini Usubini, A., Cattivelli, R., Giusti, E. M., Riboni, F. V., Varallo, G., Pietrabissa, G., Manzoni, G. M., Consoli, S., Bastoni, I., Granese, V., et al. (2021) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05191-y · Cited by 14
Schuman‐Olivier, Z., Fatkin, T., Creedon, T. B., Samawi, F., Moore, S. K., Okst, K., Fredericksen, A. (., Oxnard, A. (., Roll, D., Smith, L., et al. (2023) · The American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/ajad.13364 · Cited by 15
Difficoltà nella regolazione delle emozioni e disagio personale nei giovani adulti con ansia sociale
Contardi, A., Farina, B., Fabbricatore, M., Tamburello, S., Scapellato, P., Penzo, I., Tamburello, A., & Innamorati, M. (2013) · Rivista di Psichiatria · doi:10.1708/1272.14040 · Cited by 15
“La DERS è risultata, inoltre, correlare significativamente con la Generalized Expectancy for Negative Mood Regulation Scale, una scala convergente che misura la disregolazione emotiva, e alla presenza di comportamenti autolesionistici agiti dall’individuo (18).”
BackgroundDenning, D. M., Perry, T. R., Reilly, E. E., Berner, L. A., Velkoff, E. A., Kaye, W. H., Wierenga, C. E., & Brown, T. A. (2022) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.12907 · Cited by 14
“The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004) is a 36-item self-report questionnaire to measure emotion regulation across six dimensions: acceptance of emotional responses, difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional…”
Trait Mindfulness and Progression to Injection Use in Youth With Opioid Addiction
Wilson, J. D., Vo, H., Matson, P., Adger, H., Barnett, G., & Fishman, M. (2017) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2017.1289225 · Cited by 14
“…instrument using a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always); higher scores are associated with more difficulties in emotion regulation (Gratz & Roemer, 2004; Neumann, van Lier, Gratz, & Koot, 2010; Schreiber, Grant, & Odlaug, 2012; Weinberg & Klonsky, 2009).”
MethodYang, L., Zhang, S., Liu, X., Hou, J., & Hou, X. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01666-y · Cited by 14
“Emotion Dysregulation Emotion dysregulation was assessed with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundMethodBuckholdt, K. E., Weiss, N. H., Young, J., & Gratz, K. L. (2015) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-014-0528-5 · Cited by 14
“Additionally, the DERS and its subscales have been found to be significantly associated with objective measures of emotion dysregulation (i.e., behavioral and/or physiological) in both youth and adults [41, 66, 67].”
InfluentialSelf-citationYoon, S. H., Shim, S.-H., & Kim, J. S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.900724 · Cited by 20
“The DERS is a self-reporting tool that consists of a Likert scale 36 items, with each item’s score ranging from 1 to 5 (35).”
MethodBarnhart, W. R., Braden, A. L., & Dial, L. A. (2021) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-021-09959-z · Cited by 14
“More specifically, emotion regulation can involve the downregulation of negative emotions and up-regulation of positive emotions [24].”
BackgroundInfluentialSinha, N. K., Kumar, P., Kumar, S., & Priyadarshi, P. (2021) · IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review · doi:10.1177/2277975220965346 · Cited by 13
“Second, mindfulness promotes emotion regulation (Teper, Segal, & Inzlicht, 2013) that may reflect the acceptance of emotional experiences, clarity of one’s feelings and ability to engage in a goal-directed behaviour (Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundMatko, K., Berghöfer, A., Jeitler, M., Sedlmeier, P., & Bringmann, H. C. (2022) · doi:10.31231/osf.io/9rbqe · Cited by 13
“Emotion regulation was measured weekly with a shortened version (see [51]) of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) [53].”
MethodSousa-Gomes, V., Lemos, L., Moreira, D., Ribeiro, F. N., & Fávero, M. (2023) · Sexuality Research and Social Policy · doi:10.1007/s13178-022-00708-9 · Cited by 13
“Furthermore, DER, as a set of different aspects with consequences for human functioning (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), stand out as deserving of a specified, and not solely global, analysis, so as to enrich any form of intervention approach that targets them.”
BackgroundAre self-reported difficulties in emotional regulation associated with hoarding? a systematic review
Barton, J. A. L., Johns, L., & Salkovskis, P. (2021) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2021.100660 · Cited by 13
Malhi, G. S., Das, P., Outhred, T., Bryant, R. A., & Calhoun, V. (2020) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2019.255 · Cited by 13
Sauer, S. E., & Baer, R. A. (2009) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-009-9127-3 · Cited by 13
Haeyen, S., & Heijman, J. (2020) · The Arts in Psychotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.aip.2020.101663 · Cited by 13
Orouji, F., Abdi, R., & Chalabianloo, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.800041 · Cited by 13
Collaborative Irrationality, Akrasia, and Groupthink: Social Disruptions of Emotion Regulation
Szanto, T. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02002 · Cited by 12
“…Regulation Scale,” lack of emotional clarity and, even more seriously, the lack of emotional awareness has been suggested to be a crucial component (Gratz and Roemer, 2004).7 Moreover, it has been reported that the ability to consciously perceive and correctly identify one’s own conative and…”
BackgroundLi, J., & Qin, X. (2021) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.22578 · Cited by 12
Rosencrans, P. L., Bui, E., Rogers, A. H., Simon, N. M., & Baker, A. W. (2017) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2017.10.4.283 · Cited by 12
Seon, Q., Mady, N., Yang, M., Karia, M., Lashley, M., Sescu, C., Lalonde, M., Puskas, S., Outerbridge, J., Parent-Racine, E., et al. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/40236 · Cited by 12
“The DERS’s psychometric properties are favorable, having moderate to very strong internal consistency ( α =.69-.97) and strong retest reliability ( r =0.88; ρ I=0.85) [29, 46-49].”
InfluentialTrait mindfulness, emotion dysregulation, and depression in individuals with multiple sclerosis
Duraney, E. J., Schirda, B., Nicholas, J. A., & Prakash, R. S. (2022) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.103651 · Cited by 13
Dann, K. M., Hay, P., & Touyz, S. (2023) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2022.2076337 · Cited by 11
“The Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004) assessed clinically relevant difficulties in emotion regulation.”
MethodInfluentialExpressive suppression mediates the relation between disordered eating and suicidal ideation
Ortiz, S., Knauft, K., Smith, A., & Kalia, V. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22830 · Cited by 12
Emotion dysregulation and hoarding symptoms: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Akbari, M., Seydavi, M., Mohammadkhani, S., Turchmanovych, N., Chasson, G. S., Majlesi, N., Hajialiani, V., & Askari, T. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23318 · Cited by 12
Barnhart, W. R., Kalantzis, M. A., & Braden, A. L. (2023) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-023-01578-9 · Cited by 11
“Maladaptive affect regulation includes difficulty regulating emotions and encompasses a range of difficulties around labeling, clarity, avoidance, and suppression of emotions [10, 11].”
BackgroundPolcari, J. J., Cali, R. J., Nephew, B. C., Lu, S., Rashkovskii, M., Wu, J., Saadeh, F., Loucks, E., & King, J. A. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.059 · Cited by 13
Rodríguez-Sabiote, C., Ibáñez-Cubillas, P., López-Rodríguez, S., & Álvarez-Rodríguez, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695147 · Cited by 11
“Although there are other instruments that assess processes linked to emotional regulation, such as the Psychological Well-Being Scale for Adults (BIEPSA; Casullo, 2002), the Emotional Fatigue Scale (ECE; Fontana, 2011), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz and Roemer, 2004) or the Behavioural Emot…”
BackgroundMunsch, S., Forrer, F., Naas, A., Mueller, V., Rubo, M., Hannoun, F., & Mugellini, E. (2021) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-021-00690-8 · Cited by 8
“An impaired awareness, understanding and acceptance of emotions or few appropriate emotion regulation strategies [19] are related to interpersonal problems [20, 21].”
BackgroundPrice, C., Kantrowitz-Gordon, I., & Calhoun, R. (2019) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.09.005 · Cited by 11
Ottavi, P., Passarella, T., Pasinetti, M., MacBeth, A., Velotti, P., Velotti, A., Bandiera, A., Popolo, R., Salvatore, G., & Dimaggio, G. (2019) · Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001054 · Cited by 10
“The DERS has demonstrated good test-retest reliability, good internal consistency, and good construct and predictive validity, as well as good convergent validity (Gratz and Roemer, 2004).”
BackgroundMessina, I., Spataro, P., Grecucci, A., Marogna, C., & Dixon-Gordon, K. L. (2022) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-022-09992-6 · Cited by 10
“In terms of associations with related constructs, interpersonal DIRE scales (DIRE Venting and DIRE Reassurance-seeking) were significantly associated with more difficulties in emotion regulation overall (DERS total) and across all DERS subscales (with the exception of DERS Aware, which was not significantly associated…”
BackgroundInfluentialKohlhoff, J., Wallace, N., Cibralic, S., Morgan, S., Briggs, N. E., McMahon, C., Hawkins, E., Druskin, L., Owen, C., Lieneman, C., et al. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-024-02171-0 · Cited by 11
“Parental emotion regulation was assessed using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS; [38]).”
Exploring moderators of intervention effects of a mindfulness program for Filipino children
Galvez Tan, L. J. T., & Alampay, L. P. (2022) · International Journal of School & Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/21683603.2020.1856741 · Cited by 10
Facets of mindfulness related to a change in anxiety following a mindfulness-based intervention.
Mizera, C. M., Bolin, R. M., Nugent, W. R., & Strand, E. B. (2016) · Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment · doi:10.1080/10911359.2015.1062674 · Cited by 10
“To capture mindfulness, the study used the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS; MacKillop & Anderson, 2007), the Self Compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003), and the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004).”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Boston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gratz, Kim L.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment
- Published
- 2004-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 41-54
- ISSN
- 0164-0305 (ISSN-L)
- 0882-2689
- 1573-3505
- OpenAlex
- W2017039362
- Cited by
- 8,942
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 849 · 2025: 928 · 2024: 828 · 2023: 808 · 2022: 723 · 2021: 730 · 2020: 646 · 2019: 591 · 2018: 546 · 2017: 460 · 2016: 394 · 2015: 339 · 2014: 316 · 2013: 213 · 2012: 171
- FWCI
- 13.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- emotion regulation, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, emotional dysregulation, factor structure, psychometric validation, emotional awareness, emotional acceptance, adults, questionnaire development
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