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Coffee, caffeine, and cardiovascular disease in men.

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Grobbee, Diederick E., Rimm, Eric B., Giovannucci, Edward, Colditz, Graham, Stampfer, Meir, Willett, Walter·1990·New England Journal of Medicine
DOI 10.1056/nejm199010113231504
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: For many years, an association between coffee consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease has been suspected. Although based on small numbers of end points, a prospective study has suggested a particularly strong association between recent coffee drinking and the incidence of cardiovascular disease. METHODS: We examined prospectively the relation of coffee consumption with the risk of myocardial infarction, need for coronary-artery bypass grafting or angioplasty, and risk of stroke in a cohort of 45,589 U.S. men who were 40 to 75 years old in 1986 and who had no history of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: During two years of follow-up observation, 221 participants had a nonfatal myocardial infarction or died of coronary heart disease, 136 underwent coronary-artery surgery or angioplasty, and 54 had a stroke. Total coffee consumption was not associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease or stroke. The age-adjusted relative risk for all cardiovascular disease among participants who drank four or more cups of coffee per day was 1.04 (95 percent confidence intervals, 0.74 to 1.46). Increasing levels of consumption of caffeinated coffee were not associated with higher risks of cardiovascular disease. Higher consumption of decaffeinated coffee, however, was associated with a marginally significant increase in the risk of coronary heart disease (relative risk, 1.63; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.02 to 2.60). Finally, we observed no pattern of increased risk across the subgroups of participants with increasing intakes of caffeine from all sources. Adjustment for major cardiovascular-risk indicators, dietary intake of fats, and cholesterol intake did not materially alter these associations. CONCLUSIONS: These findings do not support the hypothesis that coffee or caffeine consumption increases the risk of coronary heart disease or stroke.

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  • In Grobbee et al. (1990), risk of CHD, CABG, PTCA, stroke or total CVD did not increase significantly across categories of caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee consumption or total caffeine intake, except for a significant p trend (0.04) for increased risk of CABG and PTCA in the highest category of decaffeinated coffee consumption.

    “The risk of CHD (total, non-fatal MI and fatal CHD), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), stroke or total CVD did not increase significantly across categories of caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee consumption (one or less cup, two to three cups and four or more cups per day compared with none) or of total caffeine intake (quintiles: 0-”

    From Scientific Opinion on the safety of caffeine (2015) · cites this paper as Grobbee et al., 1990

  • One study found that total coffee consumption was not associated with an increased stroke risk in men.

    “One study found that total coffee consumption was not associated with an increased stroke risk in men 23”

    From Coffee and acute ischemic stroke onset: The Stroke Onset Study (2010) · cites this paper as [23]

  • There have been discrepant findings on the association between habitual coffee intake and ischemic stroke.

    “There have been discrepant findings on the association between habitual coffee intake and ischemic stroke.”

    From Coffee and acute ischemic stroke onset: The Stroke Onset Study (2010) · cites this paper as [23]

  • Grobbee et al found no association between coffee intake and risk of heart disease, even though the mean lag time between exposure assessment and outcome was less than two years.

    “Grobbee et al however, found no association between coffee intake and risk of heart disease, even though the mean lag time between exposure assessment and outcome was less than two years.”

    From Does coffee drinking increase the risk of coronary heart disease? Results from a meta‐analysis (1994) · cites this paper as [11]

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Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. [2]2. Coffee drinking and acute myocardial infarction: report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. Lancet 1972; 2:1278-81.
  2. [4]4. Klatsky AL, Friedman GD, Siegelaub AB. Coffee drinking prior to myocardl i - ie oe r oit Myocardial Infarction. JAMA 1973; 226:540-3.
  3. [15]15. Jacobsen BK, Bjelke E, Kvale G, Heuch I. Coffee drinking, mortality, and cancer incidence: results from a Norwegian prospective study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1986; 76:823-31.
  4. [16]16. Yano K, Reed DM, MacLean CJ. Coffee consumption and the incidence of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 1987; 316:946.
  5. [24]24. Sawicki P, Berger M. Coffee consumption and the incidence of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 1987; 316:946.
  6. [26]26. Rotenberg FA, DeFeo JJ. The effects of caffeine on cardiac irritability. Fed Proc 1976; 35:384. abstract.
  7. [31]31. Bak AAA, Grobbee DE. Effects of caffeine on blood pressure and serum lipids: results from a double blind study. Am J Clin Nutr (in press).

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Authors
Grobbee, D. E., Rimm, E. B., Giovannucci, E., Colditz, G., Stampfer, M., & Willett, W.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
ORCID
Venue
New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher
Massachusetts Medical Society
Published
1990-10-11
Volume
323
Issue
15
Pages
1026-1032
ISSN
  • 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
  • 1533-4406
DOI
10.1056/nejm199010113231504
OpenAlex
W2320037517
Cited by
322
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
FWCI
17.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL035464, HL35464)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
Keywords
coffee consumption, caffeine, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary artery bypass grafting, angioplasty, decaffeinated coffee, men
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Caffeine, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Coffee, Coronary Disease, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Tea

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