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Cited by 987Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Anatomical correlates of the distribution of the pathological changes in the neocortex in Alzheimer disease.

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Pearson, R C, Esiri, M M, Hiorns, R W, Wilcock, G K, Powell, T P·1985·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.82.13.4531PMC PMC391136
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Abstract

The numbers and distribution of the neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques have been determined in several areas of the neocortex in brains affected by various degrees of severity of Alzheimer disease. The homotypical cortex of the "association" areas of the temporal, parietal, and frontal lobes are severely involved, whereas the motor, somatic sensory, and primary visual areas are virtually unaffected. The neurofibrillary tangles are mainly in the supra- and infragranular layers, particularly in layers III and V. In all areas except area 18 in the occipital lobe, there are approximately twice as many tangles in layer V as in layer III. The tangles are arranged in definite clusters, and those in the supra- and infragranular layers are in register. The neuritic plaques occur in all layers but predominantly affect layers II and III and do not show clustering. These data on the severity of the pathological involvement in different areas of the neocortex and the laminar distribution and the clustering of the tangles support the suggestion that the pathological changes in Alzheimer disease affect regions that are interconnected by well-defined groups of connections and that the disease process may extend along the connecting fibers. The invariable and severe involvement of the olfactory areas of the brain in this disease is in striking contrast to the minimal changes in the somatic sensory and primary visual areas and raises the possibility that the olfactory pathway may be initially involved.

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  • Neurofibrillary tangles selectively affect highly connected pyramidal cells in association cortex but not in primary sensory cortex.

    “Cognitive impairment correlates with the number of neurofibrillary tangles137, which selectively affect highly connected pyramidal cells in association cortex but not in primary sensory cortex6,138,139.”

    From Stress weakens prefrontal networks: molecular insults to higher cognition (2015) · cites this paper as [138]

    The Discussion says most tangles appear in pyramidal neurons and relates their distribution to cortical connections. The Results find more tangles in association cortex than in primary sensory areas, but also report tangles in the primary visual area under some conditions. Thus the claim's categorical 'not in primary sensory cortex' overstates the finding. Page numbers were not supplied. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. [2]Brun, A. (1983) in Alzheimer's Disease: The Standard Reference, ed. Reisberg, B. (Free Press, New York), pp. 37–47.
  2. [3]Tomlinson, B. E. & Corsellis, J. A. N. (1984) in Greenfields Neuropathology, eds. Adams, J. H., Corsellis, J. A. N. & Duchen, L. W. (Arnold, London), 4th Ed., pp. 951–1025.
  3. [11]Pearson, R. C. A., Gatter, K. C., Brodal, P. & Powell, T. P. S. (1983) Brain Res. 259, 132–136.
  4. [16]Jones, E. G. (1981) in The Organization of the Cerebral Cortex, eds. Schmitt, F. O., Worden, F. G., Adelman, G. & Dennis, S. G. (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA), pp. 199–235.

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Authors
Pearson, R. C., Esiri, M. M., Hiorns, R. W., Wilcock, G. K., & Powell, T. P.
Affiliations
Frenchay Hospital (GB)
ORCID
Esiri, M M
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
1985-07
Volume
82
Issue
13
Pages
4531-4534
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.82.13.4531
PMC
PMC391136
OpenAlex
W2154584808
Cited by
987
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
FWCI
44.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, neocortex, neurofibrillary tangles, neuritic plaques, cortical laminar distribution, association cortex, cortical connectivity, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, frontal lobe, occipital lobe
MeSH terms
Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neurofibrils

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