Do Executive Deficits and Delay Aversion Make Independent Contributions to Preschool Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms?
Open accessAbstract
Objective To test whether deficits in executive function and delay aversion make independent contributions to levels of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms exhibited by preschool children.Method One hundred fifty-six children between 3 and 5.5 years old (78 girls and 78 boys) selected from the community completed an age-appropriate battery of tests measuring working memory, set shifting, planning, delay of gratification, and preference for delayed rewards. Parents completed a clinical interview about their children's ADHD symptoms.Results Analysis of test performance revealed two factors: executive dysfunction and delay aversion. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that when other factors (i.e., age, IQ, and conduct problems) were controlled, executive dysfunction and delay aversion each made significant independent contributions to predictions of ADHD symptoms.Conclusions Preschool ADHD symptoms are psychologically heterogeneous. Executive dysfunction and delay aversion may represent two distinct and early appearing neurodevelopmental bases for ADHD symptoms.
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The delay aversion deficit in ADHD is independent of deficits in inhibitory control.
“and that this deficit is independent of deficits in inhibitory control.”
From Multiple deficits in ADHD: executive dysfunction, delay aversion, reaction time variability, and emotional deficits (2013) · cites this paper as Sonuga-Barke, Dalen, & Remington, 2003
The Results and Discussion report that delay aversion and executive dysfunction made independent contributions to preschool ADHD symptoms. But the Limitations section says the analysis included no direct measure of inhibitory control, so this study does not establish independence specifically from inhibitory-control deficits. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredADHD is significantly related to delay aversion.
“Several studies (e.g., Dalen, Sonuga-Barke, Hall, & Remington, 2004; Solanto et al., 2001; Sonuga-Barke, Dalen, & Remington, 2003) have found that ADHD is significantly related to delay aversion”
From Multiple deficits in ADHD: executive dysfunction, delay aversion, reaction time variability, and emotional deficits (2013) · cites this paper as Sonuga-Barke, Dalen, & Remington, 2003
Multiple developmental and pathophysiological pathways inform ADHD symptomatology.
“However, there is now considerable justification suggesting that multiple developmental and pathophysiological pathways inform ADHD symptomatology (Fair et al., 2012; Nigg et al., 2004; Sonuga-Barke et al., 2003).”
From Reward circuit connectivity relates to delay discounting in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2013) · cites this paper as Sonuga-Barke et al., 2003
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- Authors
- Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Dalen, L., & Remington, B.
- Affiliations
- Economic and Social Research Council (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.S.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1335-1342
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2007093632
- Cited by
- 233
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 6.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, preschool children, executive dysfunction, delay aversion, delay of gratification, working memory, set-shifting, planning
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Preschool, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Severity of Illness Index, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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