Anxiety and stress responses in female oxytocin deficient mice
Abstract
Oxytocin is believed to attenuate the response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to stress and to be anxiolytic. Stressors with a psychological component evoke both central and peripheral secretion of oxytocin in laboratory rodents. Oxytocin gene deletion mice provide a novel way to understand the role of oxytocin in stress and anxiety-related behaviours. We present our experience with female oxytocin deficient mice that were tested in an elevated plus maze (EPM), a behavioural test of anxiety, or exposed to psychogenic stressors (platform shaker or novel environment). Oxytocin-deficient mice not only displayed more anxiety-related behaviour, but also released more corticosterone after a psychogenic stressor and manifested greater stress-induced hyperthermia compared to wild-type mice. The diurnal variation of corticosterone and the response of corticosterone to corticotropin-releasing factor were not significantly different between genotypes. We also measured Fos-immunoreactive protein, an index of neuronal activation, in the medial amygdala of female mice after EPM testing. The medial amygdala is important for processing of psychogenic stress and anxiety and also contains oxytocin pathways and oxytocin receptors. The expression of Fos in the medial amygdala of mice not exposed to the EPM was not different between genotypes. Following EPM exposure, Fos expression was greater in oxytocin null compared to wild-type mice. Our findings support the hypothesis that central oxytocin is anxiolytic, and attenuates the stress response to psychogenic provocation in female mice.
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Female mice lacking the oxytocin gene exhibit enhanced corticosteroid responses to psychogenic stressors and enhanced anxiety on the elevated plus-maze compared to wildtype controls.
“Similarly, female mice lacking the oxytocin gene exhibit enhanced corticosteroid responses to psychogenic stressors and enhanced anxiety on the elevated plus-maze compared to wildtype controls (Amico et al., 2004; Mantella et al., 2003).”
From Effects of intranasal oxytocin on social anxiety in males with fragile X syndrome (2012) · cites this paper as Amico et al., 2004
The anxiolytic, approach-promoting, and tolerance-enhancing roles of OT may serve as foundational substrates that promote social exploration and interaction while suppressing social avoidance.
“The anxiolytic, approach-promoting, and tolerance-enhancing roles of OT (Amico et al., 2004; Averbeck, 2010; Heinrichs et al., 2003; Kemp and Guastella, 2010; Neumann et al., 2000a; Riem et al., 2011; Ring et al., 2006; Uvnäs-Moberg et al., 1994; Waldherr and Neumann, 2007; Yoshida et al., 2009; Young, 2002) may serve as foundational substrates that promote social exploration and interaction while”
From Oxytocin and social cognition in rhesus macaques: Implications for understanding and treating human psychopathology (2014) · cites this paper as Amico et al., 2004
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- Authors
- Amico, J. A., Mantella, R. C., Vollmer, R. R., & Li, X.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Amico, J. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-04
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 319-324
- ISSN
- 0953-8194 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2826
- OpenAlex
- W2070460280
- Cited by
- 327
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 2.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hd037268-04)
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD37268)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- oxytocin, anxiety, psychogenic stress, stress response, corticosterone, stress-induced hyperthermia, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, medial amygdala, Fos expression, elevated plus maze, female mice, oxytocin receptor
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anxiety, Female, Mice, Mutant Strains, Oxytocin, Stress, Physiological, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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