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Cited by 1,024Gut microbiota and healthInfant Nutrition and HealthProbiotics and Fermented Foods

The Intestinal Microbiome in Early Life: Health and Disease

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Arrieta, Marie-Claire, Stiemsma, Leah T., Amenyogbe, Nelly, Brown, Eric M., Finlay, Brett·2014·Frontiers in Immunology
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00427PMC PMC4155789
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Abstract

Human microbial colonization begins at birth and continues to develop and modulate in species abundance for about 3 years, until the microbiota becomes adult-like. During the same time period, children experience significant developmental changes that influence their health status as well as their immune system. An ever-expanding number of articles associate several diseases with early-life imbalances of the gut microbiota, also referred to as gut microbial dysbiosis. Whether early-life dysbiosis precedes and plays a role in disease pathogenesis, or simply originates from the disease process itself is a question that is beginning to be answered in a few diseases, including IBD, obesity, and asthma. This review describes the gut microbiome structure and function during the formative first years of life, as well as the environmental factors that determine its composition. It also aims to discuss the recent advances in understanding the role of the early-life gut microbiota in the development of immune-mediated, metabolic, and neurological diseases. A greater understanding of how the early-life gut microbiota impacts our immune development could potentially lead to novel microbial-derived therapies that target disease prevention at an early age.

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Authors
Arrieta, M.-C., Stiemsma, L. T., Amenyogbe, N., Brown, E. M., & Finlay, B.
Affiliations
University of British Columbia (CA)
Corresponding author
Finlay, Brett
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Immunology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2014-09-05
Volume
5
Pages
427-427
ISSN
1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2014.00427
PMC
PMC4155789
OpenAlex
W2060741641
Cited by
1,024
References
25
Citations by year
2026: 89 · 2025: 84 · 2024: 83 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 129 · 2021: 95 · 2020: 101 · 2019: 78 · 2018: 79 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 69 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 4
FWCI
6.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Genome British Columbia
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Keywords
gut microbiota, early life, dysbiosis, immune system development, inflammatory bowel disease, childhood obesity, asthma, neurological disorders, metabolic disorders, microbial treatment, environmental factors

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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