Cited by 1,971Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressPhytochemicals and Antioxidant ActivitiesExercise and Physiological Responses

Lifestyle, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: Back and forth in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases

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Sharifi-Rad, Mehdi, Anil Kumar, Nanjangud V., Zucca, Paolo, Varoni, Elena Maria, Dini, Luciana, Panzarini, Elisa, Rajkovic, Jovana, Tsouh Fokou, Patrick Valere +15 more·2020·Frontiers in Physiology

Abstract

Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Long term exposure to increased levels of pro-oxidant factors can cause structural defects at a mitochondrial DNA level, as well as functional alteration of several enzymes and cellular structures leading to aberrations in gene expression. The modern lifestyle associated with processed food, exposure to a wide range of chemicals and lack of exercise plays an important role in oxidative stress induction. However, the use of medicinal plants with antioxidant properties has been exploited for their ability to treat or prevent several human pathologies in which oxidative stress seems to be one of the causes. In this review we discuss the diseases in which oxidative stress is one of the triggers and the plant-derived antioxidant compounds with their mechanisms of antioxidant defenses that can help in the prevention of these diseases. Finally, both the beneficial and detrimental effects of antioxidant molecules that are used to reduce oxidative stress in several human conditions are discussed.

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Crossref · 10.3389/fphys.2020.00694

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  • ROS accumulation causes in vivo oxidative stress conditions, leading to chronic inflammatory conditions in the gut and degenerative systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular diseases, aging and cancer.

    “there is an increasing scientific interest in the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation that cause in vivo oxidative stress conditions, leading to many chronic inflammatory conditions in the gut, as well as degenerative systemic diseases (atherosclerosis, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular diseases, aging, and cancer) [111,112].”

    From Lactic Acid Bacteria Exopolysaccharides Producers: A Sustainable Tool for Functional Foods (2021) · cites this paper as [111]

    The Introduction says excess ROS can cause oxidative stress, and the section on chronic diseases links ROS or oxidative stress to atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, aging, and cancer (page numbers unavailable). The passages found do not establish the claimed link to chronic inflammatory conditions in the gut or inflammatory bowel disease; searches for those terms found no relevant discussion. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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  • A higher intake of antioxidant molecules is associated with lower occurrence of human diseases.

    “a higher intake of antioxidant molecules is associated with lower occurrence of human diseases [111,112].”

    From Lactic Acid Bacteria Exopolysaccharides Producers: A Sustainable Tool for Functional Foods (2021) · cites this paper as [111]

    The Clinical Studies section reports that normal β-carotene intake may benefit cancer risk and that α-tocopherol supplementation reduced prostate-cancer incidence in one study. It does not support the broader claim that higher antioxidant intake is generally associated with fewer human diseases: the same section reports null findings and increased risks for some supplements, while the Discussion cautions that more is not necessarily better. Our copy provides section labels but no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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  • Physiological levels of reactive species (ROS and RNS) are important in cellular signaling, but higher concentrations and prolonged exposure can fight infections by damaging important microbial biomolecules.

    “Physiological levels of reactive species (ROS and RNS) are important in cellular signaling, but higher concentrations and prolonged exposure can fight infections by damaging important microbial biomolecules [6].”

    From The Role of Reactive Species on Innate Immunity (2022) · cites this paper as [6]

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Authors
Sharifi-Rad, M., Anil Kumar, N. V., Zucca, P., Varoni, E. M., Dini, L., Panzarini, E., Rajkovic, J., Tsouh Fokou, P. V., Azzini, E., Peluso, I., Prakash Mishra, A., Nigam, M., El Rayess, Y., Beyrouthy, M. E., Polito, L., Iriti, M., Martins, N., Martorell, M., Docea, A. O., Setzer, W. N., Calina, D., Cho, W. C., & Sharifi-Rad, J.
Affiliations
  • University of Cagliari (IT)
  • University of Milan (IT)
  • University of Salento (IT)
  • Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (IT)
  • Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (IN)
  • Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (LB)
  • Universidade do Porto (PT)
  • University of Concepción (CL)
  • University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova (RO)
  • University of Alabama in Huntsville (US)
  • Queen Elizabeth Hospital (CN)
Corresponding author
  • Martorell, Miquel
  • Cho, William C.
Venue
Frontiers in Physiology
Published
2020-07-02
Volume
11
Pages
694-694
ISSN
1664-042X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3039077710
Cited by
1,971
References
211
Citations by year
2026: 181 · 2025: 371 · 2024: 474 · 2023: 467 · 2022: 323 · 2021: 129 · 2020: 25 · 2012: 1
FWCI
20.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Physiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Research Information System of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (Ardabil University of Medical Sciences) (submittedVersion)
  • AIRUS (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (01-0145, NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000012, UID/BIM/04293/2013, UID/BIM/04293, NORTE2020, NORTE-01-0145)
  • Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CCTE AFB170007, AFB170007)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Keywords
oxidative stress, antioxidants, lifestyle, chronic disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, mitochondrial DNA damage, processed foods, chemical exposure, physical inactivity, medicinal plants, antioxidant defense, disease prevention

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