Exposure to violence during childhood is associated with telomere erosion from 5 to 10 years of age: a longitudinal study
Open accessAbstract
There is increasing interest in discovering mechanisms that mediate the effects of childhood stress on late-life disease morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have suggested one potential mechanism linking stress to cellular aging, disease and mortality in humans: telomere erosion. We examined telomere erosion in relation to children's exposure to violence, a salient early-life stressor, which has known long-term consequences for well-being and is a major public-health and social-welfare problem. In the first prospective-longitudinal study with repeated telomere measurements in children while they experienced stress, we tested the hypothesis that childhood violence exposure would accelerate telomere erosion from age 5 to age 10 years. Violence was assessed as exposure to maternal domestic violence, frequent bullying victimization and physical maltreatment by an adult. Participants were 236 children (49% females; 42% with one or more violence exposures) recruited from the Environmental-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative 1994-1995 birth cohort. Each child's mean relative telomere length was measured simultaneously in baseline and follow-up DNA samples, using the quantitative PCR method for T/S ratio (the ratio of telomere repeat copy numbers to single-copy gene numbers). Compared with their counterparts, the children who experienced two or more kinds of violence exposure showed significantly more telomere erosion between age-5 baseline and age-10 follow-up measurements, even after adjusting for sex, socioeconomic status and body mass index (B=-0.052, s.e.=0.021, P=0.015). This finding provides support for a mechanism linking cumulative childhood stress to telomere maintenance, observed already at a young age, with potential impact for life-long health.
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Exposure to violence has been associated with shorter telomere length.
“Exposure to violence has been associated with shorter telomere length (Shalev et al, 2012).”
From Deviations from the expectable environment in early childhood and emerging psychopathology (2015) · cites this paper as Shalev et al, 2012
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How “reversible” is telomeric aging?
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“Other studies (e.g., Shalev et al., 2013) have related childhood psychosocial stressors to telomere length in childhood.”
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Telomere length and bipolar disorder
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Self-citationWhy are there associations between telomere length and behaviour?
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Longer telomere length in patients with schizophrenia
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No association between mean telomere length and life stress observed in a 30 year birth cohort
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Parental care influences leukocyte telomere length with gender specificity in parents and offsprings
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Association between childhood exposure to family violence and telomere length: a meta-analysis
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- Authors
- Shalev, I., Moffitt, T. E., Sugden, K., Williams, B., Houts, R. M., Danese, A., Mill, J., Arseneault, L., & Caspi, A.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Shalev, I
- Venue
- Molecular Psychiatry
- Published
- 2012-04-24
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 576-581
- ISSN
- 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5578
- PMC
- PMC3616159
- OpenAlex
- W2171758019
- Cited by
- 489
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 54 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 52.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/H034897/1)
- National Institute on Aging (AG-032282, R01AG032282)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-077874, R01MH077874)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD061298, P2CHD065563, R01HD077482, R24HD065563, R01HD061298)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Keywords
- childhood exposure to violence, telomere shortening, cellular aging, early life stress, bullying victimization, physical abuse, telomere length, cumulative stress, Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, child health
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Social Class, Violence, Body Mass Index, Telomere, Twin Studies as Topic, Crime Victims, Telomere Homeostasis
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