Neural bases of the non-conscious perception of emotional signals

Tamietto, Marco; de Gelder, Beatrice

doi:10.1038/nrn2889

Cited by 1,042Face Recognition and PerceptionNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMemory and Neural Mechanisms

Neural bases of the non-conscious perception of emotional signals

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Tamietto, Marco, de Gelder, Beatrice·2010·Nature Reviews Neuroscience

DOI 10.1038/nrn2889

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Abstract

Many emotional stimuli are processed without being consciously perceived. Recent evidence indicates that subcortical structures have a substantial role in this processing. These structures are part of a phylogenetically ancient pathway that has specific functional properties and that interacts with cortical processes. There is now increasing evidence that non-consciously perceived emotional stimuli induce distinct neurophysiological changes and influence behaviour towards the consciously perceived world. Understanding the neural bases of the non-conscious perception of emotional signals will clarify the phylogenetic continuity of emotion systems across species and the integration of cortical and subcortical activity in the human brain.

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People are generally not consciously aware of subtle changes in an interaction partner's face and do not voluntarily react to these changes.
“The literature indicates that people are generally not consciously aware of subtle changes in an interaction partner's face and do not voluntarily react to these changes (Dimberg et al., 2000;Tamietto and Castelli, 2009;Tamietto and de Gelder, 2010;Wood et al., 2016).”
From Connecting minds and sharing emotions through mimicry: A neurocognitive model of emotional contagion (2017) · cites this paper as Tamietto and de Gelder, 2010
The paper’s “Autonomic and expressive changes” section says that undetected emotional stimuli can elicit spontaneous, rather than intentional, facial reactions, and suggests that this may matter in social interactions. It does not establish that people are generally unaware of subtle changes in an interaction partner’s face; its examples concern emotional expressions perceived non-consciously under particular conditions. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Areas contributing to interoceptive predictive coding include specific brainstem (nucleus of the solitary tract, periaqueductal gray, locus coeruleus), subcortical (substantia innominata, nucleus accumbens, amygdala), and cortical (insular, orbitofrontal, and anterior cingulate) regions, potentially forming at least a loose hierarchy.
“We suggest that areas contributing to interoceptive predictive coding include specific brainstem (nucleus of the solitary tract, periaqueductal gray, locus coeruleus), subcortical (substantia innominata, nucleus accumbens, amygdala), and cortical (insular, orbitofrontal, and anterior cingulate) regions, potentially forming at least a loose hierarchy”
From An Interoceptive Predictive Coding Model of Conscious Presence (2012) · cites this paper as Tamietto and de Gelder, 2010
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Unconscious perception of emotional stimuli is related with the functional integrity of subcortical areas that receive executive cortical feedback from the cortical network only during wakefulness.
“the unconscious perception of emotional stimuli has been related with the functional integrity of subcortical areas that receive an executive cortical feedback from the cortical network (e.g., dlPFC, OFC, and posterior cingulate cortex) only during wakefulness”
From The Functional Role of Dreaming in Emotional Processes (2019) · cites this paper as Tamietto and De Gelder, 2010
The 'Neural integration and awareness' section links non-conscious perception of emotional stimuli to the functional integrity of subcortical structures. It associates re-entrant cortical feedback with visual awareness and suggests that this feedback may be absent during non-conscious perception. It does not say that executive feedback from the named cortical network reaches those structures only during wakefulness. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The periaqueductal grey contributes to non-conscious emotion perception and reflexive behaviors aimed at helping to escape threatening situations.
“A small region in the brainstem, the periaqueductal grey, contributes to non-conscious emotion perception and reflexive behaviors aimed at helping to escape threatening situations [145,150].”
From Treatment of dissociative identity disorder: leveraging neurobiology to optimize success (2024) · cites this paper as [150]

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Authors: Tamietto, M., & de Gelder, B.
Affiliations: Institute for Scientific Interchange (IT)
Corresponding author: Tamietto, Marco
ORCID: Tamietto, Marco
Venue: Nature Reviews Neuroscience
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2010-09-02
Volume: 11
Issue: 10
Pages: 697-709
ISSN: 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
1471-0048
DOI: 10.1038/nrn2889
OpenAlex: W1990254102
Cited by: 1,042
References: 167
Citations by year: 2026: 40 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 91 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 80 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 81 · 2013: 65 · 2012: 62
FWCI: 3.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
Research portal (Tilburg University) (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders: European Commission (249858)
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (451-07-032)
Regione Piemonte
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords: emotional face processing, subcortical pathways, conscious perception
MeSH terms: Animals, Behavior, Brain, Consciousness, Emotions, Humans, Perception

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Neural bases of the non-conscious perception of emotional signals

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