The gut microbiome as a modulator of healthy ageing
Open accessAbstract
The gut microbiome is a contributory factor in ageing-related health loss and in several non-communicable diseases in all age groups. Some age-linked and disease-linked compositional and functional changes overlap, while others are distinct. In this Review, we explore targeted studies of the gut microbiome of older individuals and general cohort studies across geographically distinct populations. We also address the promise of the targeted restoration of microorganisms associated with healthier ageing.
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The microbiota and its metabolites are altered during ageing; for example, the abundance of the anti-inflammatory bacterium Faecalibacterium decreases, whereas that of proinflammatory Fusobacterium increases, leading to intestinal inflammation.
“The microbiota and its metabolites are altered during ageing; for example, the abundance of the anti-inflammatory bacterium Faecalibacterium decreases, whereas that of proinflammatory Fusobacterium increases, leading to intestinal inflammation.234”
From Antiageing strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: from mechanisms to clinical advances (2025) · cites this paper as [234]
Late life tertiary succession is marked by declining α- and β-diversity and loss of keystone commensals like Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium.
“Finally, late life ushers in tertiary succession, which is marked by declining α- and β-diversity and loss of keystone commensals like Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium.39,40”
From Gut dysbiosis in oncology: a risk factor for immunoresistance (2026) · cites this paper as [40]
The composition and activity of the gut microbial ecosystem changes during aging, resulting in a substantial decrease in diversity.
“However, the composition and activity of this microbial ecosystem undergoes continuous changes during aging, which finally results in a substantial decrease in diversity.”
From Meta-hallmarks of aging and cancer (2023) · cites this paper as [88]
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- Authors
- Ghosh, T. S., Shanahan, F., & O’Toole, P. W.
- Affiliations
- National University of Ireland (IE)
- Corresponding author
- O’Toole, Paul W.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
- Published
- 2022-04-25
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 565-584
- ISSN
- 1759-5045 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5053
- PMC
- PMC9035980
- OpenAlex
- W4224868124
- Cited by
- 817
- References
- 203
- Citations by year
- 2026: 217 · 2025: 230 · 2024: 223 · 2023: 120 · 2022: 26
- FWCI
- 15.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, healthy aging, non-communicable diseases, older adults, microbiota composition, microbiome function, microbiota restoration
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Healthy Aging, Humans
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