Calorie restriction induces mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetic efficiency
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Age-related accumulation of cellular damage and death has been linked to oxidative stress. Calorie restriction (CR) is the most robust, nongenetic intervention that increases lifespan and reduces the rate of aging in a variety of species. Mechanisms responsible for the antiaging effects of CR remain uncertain, but reduction of oxidative stress within mitochondria remains a major focus of research. CR is hypothesized to decrease mitochondrial electron flow and proton leaks to attenuate damage caused by reactive oxygen species. We have focused our research on a related, but different, antiaging mechanism of CR. Specifically, using both in vivo and in vitro analyses, we report that CR reduces oxidative stress at the same time that it stimulates the proliferation of mitochondria through a peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor coactivator 1 alpha signaling pathway. Moreover, mitochondria under CR conditions show less oxygen consumption, reduce membrane potential, and generate less reactive oxygen species than controls, but remarkably they are able to maintain their critical ATP production. In effect, CR can induce a peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor coactivator 1 alpha-dependent increase in mitochondria capable of efficient and balanced bioenergetics to reduce oxidative stress and attenuate age-dependent endogenous oxidative damage.
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Caloric restriction increases mitochondrial biogenesis.
“A number of studies have shown that CR increases mitochondrial biogenesis (Nisoli et al., 2005; Lopez-Lluch et al., 2006)”
From Mitochondrial (Dys)function and Insulin Resistance: From Pathophysiological Molecular Mechanisms to the Impact of Diet (2019) · cites this paper as Lopez-Lluch et al., 2006
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- Authors
- López-Lluch, G., Hunt, N., Jones, B., Zhu, M., Jamieson, H., Hilmer, S., Cascajo, M. V., Allard, J., Ingram, D. K., Navas, P., & de Cabo, R.
- Affiliations
- *Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (ES)
- Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224-6825;
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2006-01-30
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1768-1773
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC1413655
- OpenAlex
- W2099547258
- Cited by
- 699
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 58
- FWCI
- 17.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- caloric restriction, mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics, oxidative stress, PPARγ coactivator-1α, mitochondrial proliferation, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption, ATP production, aging, lifespan extension
- MeSH terms
- Cell Line, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Mitochondria, Reactive Oxygen Species, Caloric Restriction
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