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Measuring the thickness of the human cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance images
Open accessAbstract
Accurate and automated methods for measuring the thickness of human cerebral cortex could provide powerful tools for diagnosing and studying a variety of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Manual methods for estimating cortical thickness from neuroimaging data are labor intensive, requiring several days of effort by a trained anatomist. Furthermore, the highly folded nature of the cortex is problematic for manual techniques, frequently resulting in measurement errors in regions in which the cortical surface is not perpendicular to any of the cardinal axes. As a consequence, it has been impractical to obtain accurate thickness estimates for the entire cortex in individual subjects, or group statistics for patient or control populations. Here, we present an automated method for accurately measuring the thickness of the cerebral cortex across the entire brain and for generating cross-subject statistics in a coordinate system based on cortical anatomy. The intersubject standard deviation of the thickness measures is shown to be less than 0.5 mm, implying the ability to detect focal atrophy in small populations or even individual subjects. The reliability and accuracy of this new method are assessed by within-subject test–retest studies, as well as by comparison of cross-subject regional thickness measures with published values.
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McEvoy, L. K., Fennema-Notestine, C., Roddey, J. C., Hagler, D. J., Holland, D., Karow, D. S., Pung, C. J., Brewer, J. B., & Dale, A. M. (2009) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2511080924 · Cited by 330
Self-citationBrain morphology links systemic inflammation to cognitive function in midlife adults
Marsland, A. L., Gianaros, P. J., Kuan, D. C.-H., Sheu, L. K., Krajina, K., & Manuck, S. B. (2015) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2015.03.015 · Cited by 321
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Mohan, H., Verhoog, M. B., Doreswamy, K. K., Eyal, G., Aardse, R., Lodder, B. N., Goriounova, N. A., Asamoah, B., B. Brakspear, A. B. C., Groot, C., et al. (2015) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhv188 · Cited by 280
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Anatomical Abnormalities in Autism?
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Brain development and aging: Overlapping and unique patterns of change
Tamnes, C. K., Walhovd, K. B., Dale, A. M., Østby, Y., Grydeland, H., Richardson, G., Westlye, L. T., Roddey, J. C., Hagler, D. J., Due-Tønnessen, P., et al. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.11.039 · Cited by 287
Self-citationMcLaughlin, K. A., Sheridan, M. A., Winter, W., Fox, N. A., Zeanah, C. H., & Nelson, C. A. (2014) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.08.016 · Cited by 288
Effects of early life stress on depression, cognitive performance and brain morphology
Saleh, A., Potter, G. G., McQuoid, D. R., Boyd, B., Turner, R., MacFall, J. R., & Taylor, W. D. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291716002403 · Cited by 301
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“Cortical thickness was calculated as the closest distance from the gray/white boundary to the gray/CSF boundary at each vertex on the tessellated surface (Fischl and Dale, 2000).”
MethodRegional rates of neocortical atrophy from normal aging to early Alzheimer disease
McDonald, C. R., McEvoy, L. K., Gharapetian, L., Fennema-Notestine, C., Hagler, D. J., Holland, D., Koyama, A., Brewer, J. B., & Dale, A. M. (2009) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181b16431 · Cited by 299
Self-citationSteinbeis, N., Bernhardt, B. C., & Singer, T. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.12.027 · Cited by 298
Dickerson, B. C., Fenstermacher, E., Salat, D. H., Wolk, D. A., Maguire, R. P., Desikan, R., Pacheco, J., Quinn, B. T., Van der Kouwe, A., Greve, D. N., et al. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.08.042 · Cited by 290
Self-citationRoddy, D. W., Farrell, C., Doolin, K., Roman, E., Tozzi, L., Frodl, T., O’Keane, V., & O’Hanlon, E. (2019) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.08.021 · Cited by 287
Ghosh, S. S., Kakunoori, S., Augustinack, J., Nieto-Castanon, A., Kovelman, I., Gaab, N., Christodoulou, J. A., Triantafyllou, C., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Fischl, B. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.05.075 · Cited by 281
Self-citationA connectomic study of a petascale fragment of human cerebral cortex
Shapson-Coe, A., Januszewski, M., Berger, D. R., Pope, A., Wu, Y., Blakely, T., Schalek, R. L., Li, P. H., Wang, S., Maitin-Shepard, J., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.05.29.446289 · Cited by 243
Cortical surface-based analysis reduces bias and variance in kinetic modeling of brain PET data
Greve, D. N., Svarer, C., Fisher, P. M., Feng, L., Hansen, A. E., Baare, W., Rosen, B., Fischl, B., & Knudsen, G. M. (2014) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.12.021 · Cited by 264
Self-citationPositive parenting predicts the development of adolescent brain structure: a longitudinal study
Whittle, S., Simmons, J. G., Dennison, M., Vijayakumar, N., Schwartz, O., Yap, M. B. H., Sheeber, L., & Allen, N. B. (2014) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2013.10.006 · Cited by 279
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Magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease
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The Retinotopic Organization of Striate Cortex Is Well Predicted by Surface Topology
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“Spatially unsmoothed data were combined across hemispheres and subjects within a left-right symmetric, spherical atlas of sulcal topology [7, 10].”
Mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer disease in the community
Petersen, R. C., Aisen, P., Boeve, B. F., Geda, Y. E., Ivnik, R. J., Knopman, D. S., Mielke, M., Pankratz, V. S., Roberts, R., Rocca, W. A., et al. (2013) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.23931 · Cited by 265
Paulus, M. P., Squeglia, L. M., Bagot, K., Jacobus, J., Kuplicki, R., Breslin, F. J., Bodurka, J., Morris, A. S., Thompson, W. K., Bartsch, H., et al. (2019) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.10.040 · Cited by 254
Urošević, S., Collins, P., Muetzel, R., Lim, K., & Luciana, M. (2012) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027502 · Cited by 258
Progression of language decline and cortical atrophy in subtypes of primary progressive aphasia
Rogalski, E., Cobia, D., Harrison, T. M., Wieneke, C., Weintraub, S., & Mesulam, M.-M. (2011) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e31821ccd3c · Cited by 252
Genetic topography of brain morphology
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Self-citationOn the right side? A longitudinal study of left- versus right-lateralized semantic dementia
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Superior memory and higher cortical volumes in unusually successful cognitive aging
Harrison, T. M., Weintraub, S., Mesulam, M.-M., & Rogalski, E. (2012) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617712000847 · Cited by 224
“Cortical thickness was calculated by measuring the distance between representations of the white-gray and pial-CSF boundaries across each point of the cortical surface using the image analysis suite FreeSurfer (version 4.5.0; http://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/; Fischl & Dale, 2000).”
Influential
Metadata
- Authors
- Fischl, B., & Dale, A. M.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2000-09-12
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 11050-11055
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2110208125
- Cited by
- 5,818
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 18.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.