Cited by 3,953Fungal and yeast genetics researchBioinformatics and Genomic NetworksMicrobial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction

Functional Characterization of the S. cerevisiae Genome by Gene Deletion and Parallel Analysis

Winzeler, Elizabeth A., Shoemaker, Daniel D., Astromoff, Anna, Liang, Hong, Anderson, Keith, Andre, Bruno, Bangham, Rhonda, Benito, Rocio +44 more·1999·Science

Abstract

The functions of many open reading frames (ORFs) identified in genome-sequencing projects are unknown. New, whole-genome approaches are required to systematically determine their function. A total of 6925 Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were constructed, by a high-throughput strategy, each with a precise deletion of one of 2026 ORFs (more than one-third of the ORFs in the genome). Of the deleted ORFs, 17 percent were essential for viability in rich medium. The phenotypes of more than 500 deletion strains were assayed in parallel. Of the deletion strains, 40 percent showed quantitative growth defects in either rich or minimal medium.

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Crossref · 10.1126/science.285.5429.901

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35 of 35 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Authors
Winzeler, E. A., Shoemaker, D. D., Astromoff, A., Liang, H., Anderson, K., Andre, B., Bangham, R., Benito, R., Boeke, J. D., Bussey, H., Chu, A. M., Connelly, C., Davis, K., Dietrich, F., Dow, S. W., El Bakkoury, M., Foury, F., Friend, S. H., Gentalen, E., Giaever, G., Hegemann, J. H., Jones, T., Laub, M., Liao, H., Liebundguth, N., Lockhart, D. J., Lucau-Danila, A., Lussier, M., M'Rabet, N., Menard, P., Mittmann, M., Pai, C., Rebischung, C., Revuelta, J. L., Riles, L., Roberts, C. J., Ross-MacDonald, P., Scherens, B., Snyder, M., Sookhai-Mahadeo, S., Storms, R. K., Véronneau, S., Voet, M., Volckaert, G., Ward, T. R., Wysocki, R., Yen, G. S., Yu, K., Zimmermann, K., Philippsen, P., Johnston, M., & Davis, R. W.
Affiliations
  • Stanford Medicine (US)
  • Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States) (US)
  • Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et de Genetique des Levures, Campus Plaine, Brussels CP244, Belgium.
  • Yale University (US)
  • Dipartimento de Microbiologia y Genetica, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Depatamental 323/CSIC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • McGill University (CA)
  • University of Basel (CH)
  • IRMW-ULB, Avenue E. Gryson, 1, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.
  • FYSA-UCL, Place Croix du Sud, 2/20, 1348-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
  • Affymetrix (United States) (US)
  • Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (DE)
  • Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, PQ, Canada H3A 1B1.
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520–8103, USA.
  • Université Libre de Bruxelles (BE)
  • KU Leuven (BE)
  • UCLouvain (BE)
Venue
Science
Published
1999-08-06
Volume
285
Issue
5429
Pages
901-906
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2140948740
Cited by
3,953
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 41 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 103 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 122 · 2020: 133 · 2019: 114 · 2018: 147 · 2017: 146 · 2016: 143 · 2015: 146 · 2014: 157 · 2013: 199 · 2012: 199
FWCI
46.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) (submittedVersion)
  • Digital Access to Libraries (submittedVersion)
  • Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (1r01hg001633-01, 5r01hg001627-03)
  • National Human Genome Research Institute (HG-01627, HG00185-02, HG01633)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
Keywords
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, gene deletion, open reading frames, gene function, essential genes, growth defects
MeSH terms
Culture Media, Genes, Fungal, Phenotype, Recombination, Genetic, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Open Reading Frames, Genome, Fungal, Gene Deletion, Gene Targeting, Genes, Essential

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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