The DOI matches its Crossref record.
FORMING IMPRESSIONS OF PERSONALITY
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C., Glick, P., & Xu, J. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.878 · Cited by 7,364
Lord, C. G., Ross, L., & Lepper, M. R. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.11.2098 · Cited by 4,583
Universal dimensions of social cognition: warmth and competence
Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C., & Glick, P. (2007) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2006.11.005 · Cited by 4,567
Negativity Bias, Negativity Dominance, and Contagion
Rozin, P., & Royzman, E. B. (2001) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0504_2 · Cited by 4,342
The Intuitive Psychologist And His Shortcomings: Distortions in the Attribution Process
Ross, L. (1977) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60357-3 · Cited by 4,170
Mood and judgment: The affect infusion model (AIM).
Forgas, J. P. (1995) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.1.39 · Cited by 3,470
BERGER, C. R., & CALABRESE, R. J. (1975) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1975.tb00258.x · Cited by 3,006
Individual differences in need for cognitive closure.
Webster, D. M., & Kruglanski, A. W. (1994) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1049 · Cited by 2,494
Motivated closing of the mind: “Seizing” and “freezing”
Kruglanski, A. W., & Webster, D. M. (1996) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.103.2.263 · Cited by 2,379
Eagly, A. H., Ashmore, R. D., Makhijani, M. G., & Longo, L. C. (1991) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.109 · Cited by 1,875
Do Investors Value Sustainability? A Natural Experiment Examining Ranking and Fund Flows
HARTZMARK, S. M., & SUSSMAN, A. B. (2019) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/jofi.12841 · Cited by 1,711
(1987) · PubMed · Cited by 1,496
The Meaning Maintenance Model: On the Coherence of Social Motivations
Heine, S. J., Proulx, T., & Vohs, K. D. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr1002_1 · Cited by 1,437
Experiencing physical warmth promotes interpersonal warmth
Williams, L. E., & Bargh, J. A. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1162548 · Cited by 1,429
On the accuracy of personality judgment: A realistic approach
Funder, D. C. (1995) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.102.4.652 · Cited by 1,342
Rebooting psychotherapy research and practice to reduce the burden of mental illness
Kazdin, A. E., & Blase, S. L. (2011) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691610393527 · Cited by 1,254
The Malleability of Automatic Stereotypes and Prejudice
Blair, I. V. (2002) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0603_8 · Cited by 1,152
Stereotype content model across cultures: Towards universal similarities and some differences
Cuddy, A. J. C., Fiske, S. T., Kwan, V. S. Y., Glick, P., Demoulin, S., Leyens, J., Bond, M. H., Croizet, J., Ellemers, N., Sleebos, E., et al. (2009) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466608x314935 · Cited by 1,078
Judd, C. M., James-Hawkins, L., Yzerbyt, V., & Kashima, Y. (2005) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.89.6.899 · Cited by 1,061
Ross, L., Lepper, M. R., & Hubbard, M. (1975) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.32.5.880 · Cited by 1,052
Making sense of another mind: The role of the right temporo-parietal junction
SAXE, R., & WEXLER, A. (2005) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.02.013 · Cited by 926
This Old Stereotype: The Pervasiveness and Persistence of the Elderly Stereotype
Cuddy, A. J. C., Norton, M. I., & Fiske, S. T. (2005) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2005.00405.x · Cited by 940
Evolutionary Personality Psychology
Buss, D. M. (1991) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.42.020191.002331 · Cited by 930
Online Dating: A Critical Analysis From the Perspective of Psychological Science
Finkel, E. J., Eastwick, P. W., Karney, B. R., Reis, H. T., & Sprecher, S. (2012) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1177/1529100612436522 · Cited by 812
Person memory: Personality traits as organizing principles in memory for behaviors.
Hastie, R., & Kumar, P. A. (1979) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.1.25 · Cited by 758
Persons, Situations, and Virtue Ethics
Doris, J. M. (1998) · Noûs · doi:10.1111/0029-4624.00136 · Cited by 731
To your heart's content: a model of affective diversity in top management teams
Barsade, S. G., Ward, A. J., Turner, J. D. F., & Sonnenfeld, J. A. (2000) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2667020 · Cited by 599
Not an outgroup, not yet an ingroup: Immigrants in the Stereotype Content Model
Lee, T. L., & Fiske, S. T. (2006) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2006.06.005 · Cited by 597
de Treville, S., & Antonakis, J. (2006) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2005.04.001 · Cited by 549
Under what conditions does theory obstruct research progress?
Greenwald, A. G., Pratkanis, A. R., Leippe, M. R., & Baumgardner, M. H. (1986) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.93.2.216 · Cited by 574
THE DYNAMICS OF SELLER REPUTATION: EVIDENCE FROM EBAY*
CABRAL, L., & HORTAÇSU, A. (2010) · The Journal of Industrial Economics · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6451.2010.00405.x · Cited by 505
THE WARM‐COLD VARIABLE IN FIRST IMPRESSIONS OF PERSONS
KELLEY, H. H. (1950) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1950.tb01260.x · Cited by 509
Tay, B., Jung, Y., & Park, T. (2014) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.014 · Cited by 490
Are patient expectations still relevant for psychotherapy process and outcome
Greenberg, R. P., Constantino, M. J., & Bruce, N. (2006) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.03.002 · Cited by 477
EVERARD, A., & GALLETTA, D. F. (2005) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.2753/mis0742-1222220303 · Cited by 451
Cognitive dissonance: Private ratiocination or public spectacle?
Tedeschi, J. T., Schlenker, B. R., & Bonoma, T. V. (1971) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/h0032110 · Cited by 430
Subjective Construal, Social Inference, and Human Misunderstanding
Griffin, D. W., & Ross, L. (1991) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60333-0 · Cited by 404
The scaffolded mind: higher mental processes are grounded in early experience of the physical world.
Williams, L. E., Huang, J. Y., & Bargh, J. A. (2009) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.665 · Cited by 385
Penny Wise and Pound Foolish: The Left‐Digit Effect in Price Cognition
Thomas, M., & Morwitz, V. (2005) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/429600 · Cited by 382
Bias and error in human judgment
Kruglanski, A. W., & Ajzen, I. (1983) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420130102 · Cited by 346
Savings in the relearning of trait information as evidence for spontaneous inference generation
Carlston, D. E., & Skowronski, J. J. (1994) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.66.5.840 · Cited by 334
The validity of student evaluation of teaching in higher education. Love me, love my lectures?
Shevlin, M., Banyard, P., Davies, M., & Griffiths, M. (2000) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/713611436 · Cited by 322
A Function of Form: Terror Management and Structuring the Social World.
Landau, M. J., Johns, M., Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Martens, A., Goldenberg, J. L., & Solomon, S. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.2.190 · Cited by 275
A patient by any other name . . . : Clinician group difference in labeling bias.
Langer, E. J., & Abelson, R. P. (1974) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0036054 · Cited by 253
Editing episodic memory following the identification of error
Wilkes, A. L., & Leatherbarrow, M. (1988) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/02724988843000168 · Cited by 217
Intergroup biases: a focus on stereotype content
Fiske, S. T. (2015) · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.01.010 · Cited by 215
The representation of self and person knowledge in the medial prefrontal cortex
Wagner, D. D., Haxby, J. V., & Heatherton, T. F. (2012) · WIREs Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/wcs.1183 · Cited by 201
Letting People Off the Hook: When Do Good Deeds Excuse Transgressions?
Effron, D. A., & Monin, B. (2010) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167210385922 · Cited by 199
The social evaluation of faces: a meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies
Mende-Siedlecki, P., Said, C. P., & Todorov, A. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr090 · Cited by 193
Leslie, L. M., Mayer, D. M., & Kravitz, D. A. (2014) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2011.0940 · Cited by 183
Conceptual Metaphors Impact Perceptions of Human-AI Collaboration
Khadpe, P., Krishna, R., Fei-Fei, L., Hancock, J. T., & Bernstein, M. S. (2020) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3415234 · Cited by 183
Overconfidence among beginners: Is a little learning a dangerous thing?
Sanchez, C., & Dunning, D. (2018) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspa0000102 · Cited by 177
Gong, L., & Nass, C. (2007) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2007.00295.x · Cited by 168
People respond better to robots than computer tablets delivering healthcare instructions
Mann, J. A., MacDonald, B. A., Kuo, I.-H., Li, X., & Broadbent, E. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.10.029 · Cited by 156
Horstmann, A. C., & Krämer, N. C. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00939 · Cited by 135
The headwinds/tailwinds asymmetry: An availability bias in assessments of barriers and blessings.
Davidai, S., & Gilovich, T. (2016) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspa0000066 · Cited by 107
Can we reduce facial biases? Persistent effects of facial trustworthiness on sentencing decisions
Jaeger, B., Todorov, A. T., Evans, A. M., & van Beest, I. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104004 · Cited by 95
Decoding the invisible forces of social connections
Cacioppo, S., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2012) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2012.00051 · Cited by 87
Cognition is a matter of trust: Distrust tunes cognitive processes
Mayo, R. (2015) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463283.2015.1117249 · Cited by 78
Walker, B. J. A., Kurz, T., & Russel, D. (2018) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0013916517713299 · Cited by 77
Weischer, A. E., Weibler, J., & Petersen, M. (2013) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2013.03.003 · Cited by 73
Ybarra, O., & Stephan, W. G. (1996) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.70.4.691 · Cited by 70
Inside the Mental Voting Booth: An Impression-Driven Process Model of Candidate Evaluation
Lodge, M., & Stroh, P. (1993) · Explorations in Political Psychology · doi:10.1215/9780822396697-011 · Cited by 66
Forgas, J. P. (2017) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1111/ap.12232 · Cited by 49
Confirmation and Disconfirmation: Their Social Advantages
Leyens, J.-P., Dardenne, B., Yzerbyt, V., Scaillet, N., & Snyder, M. (1999) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/14792779943000062 · Cited by 44
Shalev, I., & Bargh, J. A. (2011) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691611416993 · Cited by 43
Jiang, D., Zhang, G., & Wang, L. (2021) · Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research · doi:10.3390/jtaer16060111 · Cited by 40
Towards a Cognitively Realistic Model of Meaningful Sociolinguistic Variation
Campbell-Kibler, K. (2016) · Awareness and Control in Sociolinguistic Research · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139680448.008 · Cited by 34
Person perception from changing emotional expressions: primacy, recency, or averaging effect?
Fang, X., van Kleef, G. A., & Sauter, D. A. (2018) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2018.1432476 · Cited by 33
A Negativity Bias in Reframing Shapes Political Preferences Even in Partisan Contexts
Boydstun, A. E., Ledgerwood, A., & Sparks, J. (2019) · Social Psychological and Personality Science · doi:10.1177/1948550617733520 · Cited by 31
Dominique-Ferreira, S. (2017) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2016.09.013 · Cited by 25
Dunbar, A., & Kubrin, C. E. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Criminology · doi:10.1007/s11292-018-9342-6 · Cited by 24
Updating Bayesian(s): A Critical Evaluation of Bayesian Process Tracing
Zaks, S. (2021) · Political Analysis · doi:10.1017/pan.2020.10 · Cited by 24
Gangsta’ Rap and a Murder in Bakersfield1
Fischoff, S. P. (1999) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb02025.x · Cited by 20
Combs, G. M., & Griffith, J. (2007) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/1534484307303990 · Cited by 20
Constantino, M. J., Coyne, A. E., McVicar, E. L., & Ametrano, R. M. (2017) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2016.1138336 · Cited by 18
Principles of moral accounting: How our intuitive moral sense balances rights and wrongs
Johnson, S. G. B., & Ahn, J. (2021) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104467 · Cited by 14
Evaluation of GenderMag Personas Based on Persona Attributes and Persona Gender
Marsden, N., & Haag, M. (2016) · Communications in Computer and Information Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40548-3_20 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Asch, S. E.
- Venue
- Documents of Gestalt Psychology
- Publisher
- University of California Press
- Published
- 1961-12-31
- Pages
- 237-285
- OpenAlex
- W4246071009
- Cited by
- 2,081
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 97.63
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.