Cited by 169MicroRNA in disease regulationTreatment of Major DepressionTryptophan and brain disorders

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Emerging role of microRNAs in major depressive disorder: diagnosis and therapeutic implications

Open access
Dwivedi, Yogesh·2014·Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a major public health concern. Despite tremendous advances, the pathogenic mechanisms associated with MDD are still unclear. Moreover, a significant number of MDD subjects do not respond to the currently available medication. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that control gene expression by modulating translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation, or stability of mRNA targets. The role of miRNAs in disease pathophysiology is emerging rapidly. Recent studies demonstrating the involvement of miRNAs in several aspects of neural plasticity, neurogenesis, and stress response, and more direct studies in human postmortem brain provide strong evidence that miRNAs can not only play a critical role in MDD pathogenesis, but can also open up new avenues for the development of therapeutic targets. Circulating miRNAs are now being considered as possible biomarkers in disease pathogenesis and in monitoring therapeutic responses because of the presence and/or release of miRNAs in blood cells as well as in other peripheral tissues. In this review, these aspects are discussed in a comprehensive and critical manner.

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Crossref · 10.31887/dcns.2014.16.1/ydwivedi

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Figures

Figure 1. miRNA biogenesis. microRNAs (miRNAs) are encoded in the genome (inter or intragenis) and transcribed by RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) to generate primary microRNA (pri-miRNA). These pri-miRNAs are taken up by the RNA II enzyme Drosha/DiGeorge syndrome critical region 8 (DGCR8) protein, which catalyzes the formation of precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA). Pre-miRNA is then exported to cytoplasm by ExportinB in conjunction with Ras-related nuclear protein, RanGTR In the cytoplasm, pre-miRNA is cleaved into miRNA:miRNA* duplex by the Rnase III enzyme Dicer/Tar RNA-binding protein (TRBP) or PKR activating protein (PACT). One of these miRNA/miRNA* duplexes is discarded and the other one is loaded onto an Argonaute (Ago) homologue protein (isoforms of eukaryotic translation initiation factor [eIF] 2c) to generate the effector complex, known as RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The RISC complex directs miRNA to specific “short-seed” sequences located predominantly within the 3' UTR region of the target messenger RNA (mRNA). This leads to degradation or translational inhibition. nt, nucleotides
Figure 1. miRNA biogenesis. microRNAs (miRNAs) are encoded in the genome (inter or intragenis) and transcribed by RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) to generate primary microRNA (pri-miRNA). These pri-miRNAs are taken up by the RNA II enzyme Drosha/DiGeorge syndrome critical region 8 (DGCR8) protein, which catalyzes the formation of precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA). Pre-miRNA is then exported to cytoplasm by ExportinB in conjunction with Ras-related nuclear protein, RanGTR In the cytoplasm, pre-miRNA is cleaved into miRNA:miRNA* duplex by the Rnase III enzyme Dicer/Tar RNA-binding protein (TRBP) or PKR activating protein (PACT). One of these miRNA/miRNA* duplexes is discarded and the other one is loaded onto an Argonaute (Ago) homologue protein (isoforms of eukaryotic translation initiation factor [eIF] 2c) to generate the effector complex, known as RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The RISC complex directs miRNA to specific “short-seed” sequences located predominantly within the 3' UTR region of the target messenger RNA (mRNA). This leads to degradation or translational inhibition. nt, nucleotidesCC BY-NC-ND · PubMed Central

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Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 11

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Metadata

Authors
Dwivedi, Y.
Affiliations
University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
Corresponding author
Dwivedi, Yogesh
Venue
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
Published
2014-03-31
Volume
16
Issue
1
Pages
43-61
ISSN
  • 1294-8322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1958-5969
OpenAlex
W2166817991
Cited by
169
References
196
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 3
FWCI
4.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000050)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (1R01MH0100616, R21MH081099, R01MH101890, R01MH082802, R01MH100616, R21MH091509)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Keywords
major depressive disorder, microRNA, circulating microRNAs, biomarkers, depression diagnosis, depression treatment response, postmortem brain, neuroplasticity, neurogenesis, stress response, therapeutic target, non-coding RNA
MeSH terms
Animals, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Neuronal Plasticity, Biomarkers, MicroRNAs, Neurogenesis

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