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Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders: A Meta-analysis

Benca, Ruth M.·1992·Archives of General Psychiatry

DOI 10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820080059010

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Abstract

We reviewed the literature on sleep in psychiatric disorders and evaluated the data by meta-analysis, a statistical method designed to combine data from different studies. A total of 177 studies with data from 7151 patients and controls were reviewed. Most psychiatric groups showed significantly reduced sleep efficiency and total sleep time, accounted for by decrements in non-rapid eye movement sleep. Rapid eye movement sleep time was relatively preserved in all groups, and percentage of rapid eye movement sleep was increased in affective disorders. Reduction in rapid eye movement sleep latency was seen in affective disorders but occurred in other categories as well. Although no single sleep variable appeared to have absolute specificity for any particular psychiatric disorder, patterns of sleep disturbances associated with categories of psychiatric illnesses were observed. Overall, findings for patients with affective disorders differed most frequently and significantly from those for normal controls.

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Authors: Benca, R. M.
Affiliations: University of Chicago (US)
Corresponding author: Benca, Ruth M.
Venue: Archives of General Psychiatry
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 1992-08-01
Volume: 49
Issue: 8
Pages: 651
ISSN: 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820080059010
OpenAlex: W2128964866
Cited by: 1,468
References: 198
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 58 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 60 · 2012: 76
FWCI: 36.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5t01mh019051-02)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH 19051, MH 38338, MH30914)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
Keywords: sleep, mental illness, sleep efficiency, total sleep time, REM sleep, REM latency, NREM sleep, mood disorders, sleep disorders, diagnostic specificity
MeSH terms: Adult, Age Factors, Mental Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Diagnosis, Differential, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Narcolepsy, Schizophrenia, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Sleep, REM, Meta-Analysis as Topic

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