Cited by 1,199PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancerMetabolism, Diabetes, and CancerGenetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms

Rapamycin-Induced Insulin Resistance Is Mediated by mTORC2 Loss and Uncoupled from Longevity

Open access
Lamming, Dudley W., Ye, Lan, Katajisto, Pekka, Goncalves, Marcus D., Saitoh, Maki, Stevens, Deanna M., Davis, James G., Salmon, Adam B. +5 more·2012·Science

Abstract

Dissecting Rapamycin Responses: Long-term treatment of mice and other organisms with the drug rapamycin extends life span. But, at the same time, the drug disrupts metabolic regulation and the action of the hormone insulin. Lamming et al. (p. 1638 ; see the Perspective by Hughes and Kennedy ) dissected the action of rapamycin in genetically modified mice and found, encouragingly, that these two actions of rapamycin can be separated. Rapamycin inhibits a protein kinase complex known as mTORC1, and this appears to provide most of the life-lengthening effects of the drug. However, rapamycin also acts on a related complex known as mTORC2, and it is the disruption of mTORC2 action that produces the diabetic-like symptoms of decreased glucose tolerance and insensitivity to insulin.

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  • Sustained daily rapamycin treatment can promote neuroprotection through activation of off target pathways rather than mTORC1 inhibition.

    “sustained daily rapamycin treatment can promote neuroprotection through activation of off target pathways rather than mTORC1 inhibition [68].”

    From AMPK hyperactivation promotes dendrite retraction, synaptic loss, and neuronal dysfunction in glaucoma (2021) · cites this paper as [68]

    The section labeled Abstract (page unavailable) reports that chronic rapamycin treatment disrupts mTORC2 as well as mTORC1, supporting the idea that sustained treatment has effects beyond mTORC1 inhibition. It does not report neuroprotection or activation of an off-target pathway; the additional effect it describes is disruption of mTORC2. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Genetically modified mice with low levels of mTORC1 activity have increased lifespan.

    “Genetically modified mice with low levels of mTORC1 activity have increased lifespan, 220”

    From Meta-hallmarks of aging and cancer (2023) · cites this paper as [220]

  • The same pathways studied in C. elegans have also been investigated in mammals, where lifespan and healthspan were prolonged through modifying the aging pathways or through drugs, including metformin.

    “The same pathways studied in C. elegans have also been investigated in mammals, where lifespan and healthspan were prolonged through modifying the ‘aging’ pathways or through drugs, including metformin (60, 87).”
  • Chronic inhibition of mammalian TOR (mTOR) function by rapamycin promotes insulin resistance and diabetes in laboratory mice.

    “Chronic inhibition of mammalian TOR (mTOR) function by rapamycin promotes insulin resistance and diabetes in laboratory mice (Lamming et al., 2012).”

    From The Search for Antiaging Interventions: From Elixirs to Fasting Regimens (2014) · cites this paper as Lamming et al., 2012

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [34]Sarbassov DD Prolonged rapamycin treatment inhibits mTORC2 assembly and Akt/PKB Mol Cell 22 159 Apr 21 2006 16603397

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Authors
Lamming, D. W., Ye, L., Katajisto, P., Goncalves, M. D., Saitoh, M., Stevens, D. M., Davis, J. G., Salmon, A. B., Richardson, A., Ahima, R. S., Guertin, D. A., Sabatini, D. M., & Baur, J. A.
Affiliations
  • Broad Institute (US)
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
  • The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
Corresponding author
  • Lamming, Dudley W.
  • Ye, Lan
  • Sabatini, David M.
  • Baur, Joseph A.
Venue
Science
Published
2012-03-30
Volume
335
Issue
6076
Pages
1638-1643
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W1596556260
Cited by
1,199
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 40 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 91 · 2018: 94 · 2017: 82 · 2016: 81 · 2015: 98 · 2014: 107 · 2013: 112 · 2012: 52
FWCI
47.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
  • PMC
Funders
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  • American Heart Association (7600031)
  • Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation
  • University of Pennsylvania (P30DK19525)
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Aging (F32AG032833)
  • National Cancer Institute (CA129105, R01CA103866, R01CA129105)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30 DK 19525, P30DK019525)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Keywords
rapamycin, mTORC2, mTORC1, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, longevity, lifespan extension, hepatic gluconeogenesis, glucose homeostasis, glucose tolerance, mLST8, caloric restriction
MeSH terms
Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1, Rapamycin-Insensitive Companion of mTOR Protein, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Female, Gluconeogenesis, Glucose, Homeostasis, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Liver, Longevity, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Phosphorylation, Proteins, Glucose Clamp Technique, Signal Transduction, Muscle, Skeletal, Sirolimus, Multiprotein Complexes, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Mice, Adipose Tissue, White, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

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