Cognitive bias modification for anxiety: current evidence and future directions
Open accessAbstract
Cognitive bias modification (CBM) is an innovative approach to modifying cognitive biases that confer vulnerability to anxiety. CBM interventions are designed to directly modify attention and interpretation biases via repeated practice on cognitive tasks. Analogue studies have demonstrated that CBM affects cognitive biases and anxiety in a number of anxiety conditions. Multisession CBM treatments have shown preliminary efficacy for generalized social phobia and generalized anxiety disorder, with effect sizes comparable to existing treatments. However, with any newly developing field, there are a number of important limitations of the existing data that need to be addressed before making firm conclusions regarding CBM's efficacy for anxiety disorders. This article focuses on the theoretical rationale for CBM and the current evidence from analogue and clinical samples.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Interpretation biases contribute to the development of anxiety symptoms and disorders, as well as to the maintenance and severity of these conditions.
“Interpretation biases have been shown to contribute to the development of anxiety symptoms and disorders, as well as to the maintenance and severity of these conditions (Beard, 2011; Muris et al., 2008).”
From Acceptability and Co-Development of an Online Cognitive Bias Modification Intervention for Emerging Adults With Hazardous Alcohol Use and Social Anxiety: A Mixed Methods Study (2020) · cites this paper as Beard, 2011
In “Why target cognitive biases?,” the paper describes interpretation bias as part of a cycle that maintains anxiety. Its “Interpretation bias” subsection reports that negative interpretations predict later PTSD and OCD symptom severity and calls interpretation bias a vulnerability factor. It does not show that interpretation bias contributes to the onset of anxiety symptoms or disorders, so the claim’s development component is stronger than the evidence presented. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIBM studies have been reported as acceptable with regard to perceived helpfulness, personal relevance, user-friendliness, credibility, ease of use, simplicity, and esthetic appearance.
“IBM studies in particular have been reported as acceptable with regard to their perceived helpfulness, personal relevance, userfriendliness, credibility, ease of use, simplicity, and esthetic appearance (Beard, 2011; Beard et al., 2020; Beard et al., 2019).”
From Acceptability and Co-Development of an Online Cognitive Bias Modification Intervention for Emerging Adults With Hazardous Alcohol Use and Social Anxiety: A Mixed Methods Study (2020) · cites this paper as Beard, 2011
The “Safety & patient acceptability” section reports preliminary patient satisfaction with CBM and says most participants preferred the interpretation task (CBM-I). It does not report acceptability across the listed attributes, and it identifies credibility as needing improvement. Page numbers are not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn most CBM approaches, patients in both control and experimental groups think they are in the control group.
“Remarkably, in most CBM approaches, patients both in the control group and in the experimental group think that they are in the control group (Beard, 2011).”
From Addiction, adolescence, and the integration of control and motivation (2011) · cites this paper as Beard, 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391 · see citing works
Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: a meta-analytic study.
Bar-Haim, Y., Lamy, D., Pergamin, L., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2007) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1 · Cited by 3,721 · see citing works
(2001) · Cited by 3,666 · see citing works
Attentional bias in emotional disorders
MacLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Tata, P. (1986) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.95.1.15 · Cited by 3,152 · see citing works
Attentional bias in emotional disorders.
MacLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Tata, P. R. (1986) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.95.1.15 · Cited by 2,553 · see citing works
Anxiety-related attentional biases and their regulation by attentional control.
Derryberry, D., & Reed, M. A. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.111.2.225 · Cited by 1,729 · see citing works
Hoffman, S. G., & Smits, J. A. J. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v69n0415 · Cited by 1,420 · see citing works
MacLeod, C., Rutherford, E., Campbell, L., Ebsworthy, G., & Holker, L. (2002) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.111.1.107 · Cited by 1,334 · see citing works
(2002) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1046/m.1365-2850.2002.00006.x · Cited by 1,143 · see citing works
Hakamata, Y., Lissek, S., Bar-Haim, Y., Britton, J. C., Fox, N. A., Leibenluft, E., Ernst, M., & Pine, D. S. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.07.021 · Cited by 869 · see citing works
Induced emotional interpretation bias and anxiety.
Mathews, A., & Mackintosh, B. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.109.4.602 · Cited by 739 · see citing works
. Caution regarding the use of pilot studies to guide power calculations for study proposals.
Kraemer, H. C., Mintz, J., Noda, A., Tinklenberg, J., & Yesavage, J. A. (2006) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.5.484 · Cited by 702 · see citing works
Research review: attention bias modification (ABM): a novel treatment for anxiety disorders
Bar‐Haim, Y. (2010) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02251.x · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Attention training for generalized social anxiety disorder
Schmidt, N. B., Richey, J. A., Buckner, J. D., & Timpano, K. R. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013643 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Attention modification program in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder
Amir, N., Beard, C., Burns, M., & Bomyea, J. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0012589 · Cited by 539 · see citing works
Self-citation(2010) · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Attention training in individuals with generalized social phobia: A randomized controlled trial.
Amir, N., Beard, C., Taylor, C. T., Klumpp, H., Elias, J. A., Burns, M. N., & Chen, X. (2009) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016685 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman and economic burden of generalized anxiety disorder
Hoffman, D. L., Dukes, E. M., & Wittchen, H.-U. (2008) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20257 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Positive Interpretation Training: Effects of Mental Imagery Versus Verbal Training on Positive Mood
Holmes, E. A., Mathews, A., Dalgleish, T., & Mackintosh, B. (2006) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2006.02.002 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Pinto, A., Mancebo, M. C., Eisen, J. L., Pagano, M. E., & Rasmussen, S. A. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v67n0503 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Amir, N., Weber, G., Beard, C., Bomyea, J., & Taylor, C. T. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013445 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Self-citationMacLeod, C., & Hagan, R. (1992) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(92)90138-7 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Dandeneau, S. D., Baldwin, M. W., Baccus, J. R., Sakellaropoulo, M., & Pruessner, J. C. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.4.651 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Ehlers, A., Mayou, R., & Bryant, B. (2002) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00126-7 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Information-processing bias in social phobia.
Hirsch, C., & Clark, D. (2004) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.07.005 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
(2001) · PubMed · Cited by 332 · see citing works
The impairments caused by social phobia in the general population: implications for intervention
Kessler, R. C. (2003) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.108.s417.2.x · Cited by 322 · see citing works
The revised stroop color-naming task in social phobics
Mattia, J. I., Heimberg, R. G., & Hope, D. A. (1993) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(93)90029-t · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Beard, C., & Amir, N. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.05.012 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Self-citationMayou, R., Ehlers, A., & Bryant, B. (2002) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00069-9 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Cognitive vulnerability to anxiety: A review and an integrative model
Ouimet, A. J., Gawronski, B., & Dozois, D. J. A. (2009) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.05.004 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Introduction to the special section on cognitive bias modification in emotional disorders
Koster, E. H. W., Fox, E., & MacLeod, C. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0014379 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Impaired positive inferential bias in social phobia.
Hirsch, C. R., & Mathews, A. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.109.4.705 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Impaired positive inferential bias in social phobia
Hirsch, C. R., & Mathews, A. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.109.4.705 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
The causal role of interpretive bias in anxiety reactivity
Wilson, E. J., MacLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Rutherford, E. M. (2006) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.115.1.103 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Impact of Generalized Social Anxiety Disorder in Managed Care
Katzelnick, D. J., Kobak, K. A., DeLeire, T., Henk, H. J., Greist, J. H., Davidson, J. R. T., Schneier, F. R., Stein, M. B., & Helstad, C. P. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.12.1999 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Browning, M., Holmes, E. A., & Harmer, C. J. (2010) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.10.1.8 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Mitte, K. (2005) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.5.785 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Lateral prefrontal cortex mediates the cognitive modification of attentional bias
Browning, M., Holmes, E. A., Murphy, S. E., Goodwin, G. M., & Harmer, C. J. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.10.031 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Gunter, R. W., & Whittal, M. L. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.001 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
See, J., MacLeod, C., & Bridle, R. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0014377 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Neural plasticity in response to attention training in anxiety
Eldar, S., & Bar‐Haim, Y. (2009) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291709990766 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Dandeneau, S., & Baldwin, M. W. (2004) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.23.4.584.40306 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Facilitating a benign interpretation bias in a high socially anxious population
Murphy, R., Hirsch, C. R., Mathews, A., Smith, K., & Clark, D. M. (2007) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.01.007 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
An Anxiety-Related Bias in Semantic Activation When Processing Threat/Neutral Homographs
Richards, A., & French, C. C. (1992) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/02724989208250625 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Looking on the bright side: Accessing benign meanings reduces worry
Hirsch, C. R., Hayes, S., & Mathews, A. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013473 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Inducing a benign interpretational bias reduces trait anxiety
Mathews, A., Ridgeway, V., Cook, E., & Yiend, J. (2007) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2006.10.011 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Pharmacological treatment of social anxiety disorder: A meta-analysis
Blanco, C., Schneier, F. R., Schmidt, A. B., Blanco-Jerez, C.-R., Marshall, R. D., Sánchez-Lacay, A., & Liebowitz, M. R. (2003) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.10096 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Interpretative inferences when reading about emotional events
Hirsch, C. R., & Mathews, A. (1997) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(97)80006-x · Cited by 167 · see citing works
The effects of modifying interpretation bias on worry in generalized anxiety disorder
Hayes, S., Hirsch, C. R., Krebs, G., & Mathews, A. (2010) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.10.006 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Interpretation in Social Anxiety: When Meaning Precedes Ambiguity
Beard, C., & Amir, N. (2009) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-009-9235-0 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Self-citationTraining forgetting of negative material in depression.
Joormann, J., Hertel, P. T., LeMoult, J., & Gotlib, I. H. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013794 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Plasticity in attention: implications for stress response in children
Eldar, S., Ricon, T., & Bar-Haim, Y. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.01.012 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Stein, M. B., & Heimberg, R. G. (2004) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00457-3 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Anxiety disorders: a comprehensive review of pharmacotherapies
Hoffman, E. J., & Mathew, S. J. (2008) · Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine: A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.1002/msj.20041 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
The cognitive mediation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A longitudinal study
Abramowitz, J. S., Nelson, C. A., Rygwall, R., & Khandker, M. (2006) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.05.003 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Mackintosh, B., Mathews, A., Yiend, J., Ridgeway, V., & Cook, E. (2006) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2006.03.001 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Effects of positive interpretive bias modification in highly anxious individuals
Salemink, E., van den Hout, M., & Kindt, M. (2009) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.02.006 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Effects of Training on Interpretation of Emotional Ambiguity
Grey, S. J., & Mathews, A. (2000) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/713755937 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Attentional retraining: A randomized clinical trial for pathological worry
Hazen, R. A., Vasey, M. W., & Schmidt, N. B. (2008) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.07.004 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Vassilopoulos, S., Banerjee, R., & Prantzalou, C. (2009) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.07.018 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Enduring consequences of experimentally induced biases in interpretation
Yiend, J., Mackintosh, B., & Mathews, A. (2005) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.06.007 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Continual training of attentional bias in social anxiety
Li, S., Tan, J., Qian, M., & Liu, X. (2008) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.04.005 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Najmi, S., & Amir, N. (2010) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017549 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Cognitive bias modification training in adolescents: effects on interpretation biases and mood.
Lothmann, C., Holmes, E., Chan, S., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2011) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02286.x · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Weisberg, R. B., DYCK, I. R., Culpepper, L., & Keller, M. B. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.2.276 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Van Den Hout, M., Tenney, N., Huygens, K., Merckelbach, H., & Kindt, M. (1995) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)00062-o · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Preconscious processing biases predict emotional reactivity to stress
Fox, E., Cahill, S., & Zougkou, K. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.11.018 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Lundh, L., & Öst, L. (2001) · Scandinavian Journal of Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/028457101300140428 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Modifying interpretations among individuals high in anxiety sensitivity
Steinman, S. A., & Teachman, B. (2010) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.08.008 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Trained interpretive bias and anxiety
Salemink, E., van den Hout, M., & Kindt, M. (2007) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.03.011 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Social anxiety disorder: an unrecognized problem in primary care.
Katzelnick, D. J., & Greist, J. H. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Trained interpretive bias: Validity and effects on anxiety
Salemink, E., van den Hout, M., & Kindt, M. (2007) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2006.10.010 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Beard, C., Weisberg, R. B., & Keller, M. B. (2010) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.03.015 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationInterpretations for anxiety symptoms in social phobia
Roth, D. A., Antony, M. M., & Swinson, R. P. (2001) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00159-x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Facilitating a benign attentional bias reduces negative thought intrusions.
Hayes, S., Hirsch, C. R., & Mathews, A. (2010) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018264 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
The effect of attention modification with explicit vs. minimal instructions on worry
Krebs, G., Hirsch, C. R., & Mathews, A. (2010) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.10.009 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Inducing an interpretation bias changes self-imagery: A preliminary investigation
Hirsch, C. R., Mathews, A., & Clark, D. M. (2006) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.11.001 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Training interpretation biases among individuals with symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder
Clerkin, E. M., & Teachman, B. (2011) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.01.003 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Cognitive bias modification: the critical role of active training in modifying emotional responses.
Hoppitt, L., Mathews, A., Yiend, J., & Mackintosh, B. (2010) · The Behavior Therapist · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2009.01.002 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Muris, P., Huijding, J., Mayer, B., Remmerswaal, D., & Vreden, S. (2009) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.01.004 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Muris, P., Huijding, J., Mayer, B., & Hameetman, M. (2008) · Child Psychiatry and Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-008-0103-z · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Interpretation Bias: A Comparison of Treated Social Phobics, Untreated Social Phobics, and Controls1
Franklin, M. E., Huppert, J. D., Langner, R., Leiberg, S., & Foa, E. B. (2005) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-005-2412-8 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Colin, M., Lih, Y. S., Elizabeth, M. R., & Lynlee, W. C. (2007) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/bf03193023 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Dandeneau, S., & Baldwin, M. W. (2008) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2008.05.004 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Attentional retraining procedures: Manipulating early or late components of attentional bias?
Koster, E. H. W., Baert, S., Bockstaele, M., & De Raedt, R. (2010) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0018424 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Attention training for reducing spider fear in spider-fearful individuals
Reese, H. E., McNally, R. J., Najmi, S., & Amir, N. (2010) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.04.006 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Legerstee, J. S., Tulen, J. H. M., Dierckx, B., Treffers, P. D. A., Verhulst, F. C., & Utens, E. M. W. J. (2010) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02143.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Clarke, P., MacLeod, C., & Shirazee, N. (2008) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.8.1.47 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Interpretive cues and ambiguity in generalized anxiety disorder
Hazlett‐Stevens, H., & Borkovec, T. D. (2003) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(03)00204-3 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Is manipulation of mood a critical component of cognitive bias modification procedures?
Standage, H., Ashwin, C., & Fox, E. (2010) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2009.08.005 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
How Does Cognitive Bias Modification Affect Anxiety? Mediation Analyses and Experimental Data
Salemink, E., van den Hout, M., & Kindt, M. (2009) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465809990543 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Generalisation of modified interpretive bias across tasks and domains
Salemink, E., van den Hout, M., & Kindt, M. (2010) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930802692053 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Training Non-Threatening Interpretations in Spider Fear
Teachman, B. A., & Addison, L. M. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9084-z · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Transfer of training emotionally biased interpretations
Hertel, P. T., Mathews, A., Peterson, S., & Kintner, K. (2003) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.905 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
A Prospective Test of Cognitive Vulnerability to Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
Coles, M. E., & Horng, B. (2006) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9033-x · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Trained interpretive bias survives mood change.
Salemink, E., & van den Hout, M. (2010) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.02.010 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Phenomenology and epidemiology of Panic Disorder
Yates, W. R. (2009) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/104012370902100206 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Changing attentional bias: Can it effect self-reported anxiety?
Harris, L. M., & Menzies, R. G. (1998) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615809808248310 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Grey, S. J., & Mathews, A. (2009) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.01.003 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [37]Wells A Emotional Disorders and Metacognition: Innovative Cognitive Therapy Wiley NJ, USA 2000
- [82]Wilson EJ MacLeod C Mathews A Rutherford EM The causal role of interpretive bias in anxiety reactivity J Abnorm Psychol 115 103 111 2006 16492101
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cognitive bias modification approaches to anxiety.
MacLeod, C., & Mathews, A. (2012) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143052 · Cited by 617 · see citing works
Efficacy of cognitive bias modification interventions in anxiety and depression: Meta-analysis
Cristea, I. A., Kok, R. N., & Cuijpers, P. (2015) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.114.146761 · Cited by 553 · see citing works
The attentional bias modification approach to anxiety intervention
MacLeod, C., & Clarke, P. J. F. (2015) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614560749 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Addiction, adolescence, and the integration of control and motivation
Gladwin, T. E., Figner, B., Crone, E. A., & Wiers, R. W. (2011) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.06.008 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Hoque, M. E., Courgeon, M., Martin, J., Mutlu, B., & Picard, R. W. (2013) · ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp) · doi:10.1145/2493432.2493502 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Efficacy of attention bias modification using threat and appetitive stimuli: a meta-analytic review
Beard, C., Sawyer, A. T., & Hofmann, S. G. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2012.01.002 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Self-citationWong, Q. J. J., & Rapee, R. M. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.069 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Carlbring, P., Apelstrand, M., Sehlin, H., Amir, N., Rousseau, A., Hofmann, S. G., & Andersson, G. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-66 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Cristea, I. A., Kok, R. N., & Cuijpers, P. J. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162226 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Dennis, T. A., & O’Toole, L. J. (2014) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614522228 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Crocker, L. D., Heller, W., Warren, S. L., O'Hare, A. J., Infantolino, Z. P., & Miller, G. A. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00261 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Potential Applications of Social Robots in Robot-Assisted Interventions for Social Anxiety
Rasouli, S., Gupta, G., Nilsen, E. S., & Dautenhahn, K. (2022) · International Journal of Social Robotics · doi:10.1007/s12369-021-00851-0 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Expectancy biases in fear and anxiety and their link to biases in attention
Aue, T., & Okon‐Singer, H. (2015) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.08.005 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Amir, N., & Taylor, C. T. (2012) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026928 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Cristea, I. A., Mogoaşe, C., David, D., & Cuijpers, P. J. (2015) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12383 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Does self-control improve with practice? Evidence from a six-week training program.
Miles, E., Sheeran, P., Baird, H. M., Macdonald, I. A., Webb, T. L., & Harris, P. R. (2016) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0000185 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Beard, C., Weisberg, R. B., & Primack, J. (2012) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465811000671 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
“Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) is a novel treatment for anxiety that is garnering increasing interest (Beard, 2011).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCombined cognitive bias modification treatment for social anxiety disorder: a pilot trial
Beard, C., Weisberg, R. B., & Amir, N. (2011) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20873 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citationBehavioral and neural stability of attention bias to threat in healthy adolescents
White, L. K., Britton, J. C., Sequeira, S. L., Ronkin, E. G., Chen, G., Bar‐Haim, Y., Shechner, T., Monique Ernst, D., Fox, N. A., Leibenluft, E., et al. (2016) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.04.058 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Hedger, N., Gray, K. L. H., Garner, M., & Adams, W. J. (2016) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000054 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
A Randomized Clinical Trial Targeting Anxiety Sensitivity for Patients With Suicidal Ideation
Schmidt, N. B., Norr, A. M., Allan, N. P., Raines, A. M., & Capron, D. W. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000195 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Cognitive bias modification procedures in the management of mental disorders
MacLeod, C. (2012) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e32834fda4a · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Bossenbroek, R., Wols, A., Weerdmeester, J., Lichtwarck‐Aschoff, A., Granic, I., & van Rooij, M. M. J. W. (2020) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/16066 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Kuckertz, J. M., Amir, N., Boffa, J. W., Warren, C. K., Rindt, S. E. M., Norman, S. B., Ram, V., Ziajko, L. A., Webb-Murphy, J. A., & McLay, R. N. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.09.002 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Mobini, S., Reynolds, S., & Mackintosh, B. (2013) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-012-9445-8 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Waechter, S., & Stolz, J. A. (2015) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-015-9670-z · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Sustained effects of attentional re-training on chocolate consumption
Kemps, E., Tiggemann, M., & Elford, J. (2014) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.12.001 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Roberts-Wolfe, D., Sacchet, M., Hastings, E., Roth, H., & Britton, W. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00015 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
“Indeed, objective measures of cognitive biases have been found to be better at predicting emotional and physiological reactions to stress than self-report measures (MacLeod and Hagan, 1992; van den Hout et al., 1995; Fox et al., 2010; Beard, 2011).”
BackgroundMartinelli, A., Grüll, J., & Baum, C. (2022) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2022.104180 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Attention bias modification: the Emperor's new suit?
Emmelkamp, P. M. (2012) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-10-63 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Attention Bias Modification for Anxiety and Phobias: Current Status and Future Directions
Kuckertz, J. M., & Amir, N. (2015) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-014-0545-x · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Salemink, E., Kindt, M., Rienties, H., & van den Hout, M. (2013) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.10.005 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Cognitive bias modification of interpretations: A viable treatment for child and adolescent anxiety?
Lau, J. Y. F. (2013) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2013.07.001 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Lichtenthal, W. G., Corner, G. W., Slivjak, E. T., Roberts, K. E., Li, Y., Breitbart, W., Lacey, S., Tuman, M., DuHamel, K. N., Blinder, V. S., et al. (2017) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.30478 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationEfficacy of Interpretation Bias Modification in Depressed Adolescents and Young Adults
Micco, J. A., Henin, A., & Hirshfeld‐Becker, D. R. (2013) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-013-9578-4 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Schoth, D. E., & Liossi, C. (2016) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000342 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Pradhan, P., Sharpe, L., & Menzies, R. E. (2021) · Cancer Management and Research · doi:10.2147/cmar.s294114 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Bomyea, J., Stein, M. B., & Lang, A. J. (2015) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.05.010 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
den Uyl, T. E., Gladwin, T. E., Lindenmeyer, J., & Wiers, R. W. H. J. (2018) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.13841 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Nelson, A. L., Purdon, C. L., Quigley, L., Carriere, J. S. A., & Smilek, D. (2014) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2014.922460 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Woud, M. L., & Becker, E. S. (2014) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-014-9605-0 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Fu, X.-X., Du, Y.-S., Au, S., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2013) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2012.11.003 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Riemann, B. C., Kuckertz, J. M., Rozenman, M. S., Weersing, V. R., & Amir, N. (2013) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22127 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Kunimatsu, M. M., & Marsee, M. A. (2012) · Child & Youth Care Forum · doi:10.1007/s10566-012-9178-6 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Capron, D. W., & Schmidt, N. B. (2016) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.04.001 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Therapeutic strategies for social anxiety disorder: where are we now?
Pélissolo, A., Kassm, S. A., & Delhay, L. (2019) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2019.1666713 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Mobini, S., Mackintosh, B., Illingworth, J. L., Gega, L., Langdon, P., & Hoppitt, L. (2014) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.12.002 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Lazarov, A., Marom, S., Yahalom, N., Pine, D. S., Hermesh, H., & Bar‐Haim, Y. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329171700366x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Lan, L., Sikov, J., Lejeune, J., Ji, C., Brown, H. E., Bullock, K. D., & Spencer, A. E. (2023) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-023-00287-5 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Validation of a novel attentional bias modification task: the future may be in the cards
Notebaert, L., Clarke, P. J. F., Grafton, B., & MacLeod, C. (2015) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.12.007 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Positive memory enhancement training for individuals with major depressive disorder
Hall, K. A. A., Raedt, R. D., Timpano, K. R., & Joormann, J. (2017) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2017.1364291 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
When ignorance is bliss: explicit instruction and the efficacy of CBM-A for anxiety
Grafton, B., Mackintosh, B., Vujic, T., & MacLeod, C. (2014) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-013-9579-3 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Capron, D. W., Norr, A. M., Allan, N. P., & Schmidt, N. B. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.11.003 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Heathcote, L. C., Jacobs, K., Ryckeghem, D. M. L. V., Fisher, E., Eccleston, C., Fox, E., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2017) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001084 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Naim, R., Kivity, Y., Bar-Haim, Y., & Huppert, J. (2018) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.10.006 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Lisk, S. C., Pile, V., Haller, S. P. W., Kumari, V., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2018) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-018-9912-y · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Macdonald, E. M., Koerner, N., & Antony, M. (2013) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-012-9519-7 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
An Attempt to Target Anxiety Sensitivity via Cognitive Bias Modification
Clerkin, E. M., Beard, C., Fisher, C. R., & Schofield, C. A. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114578 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationA systematic review of event‐related potentials as outcome measures of attention bias modification
Carlson, J. M. (2021) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.13801 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Fitzgerald, A., Rawdon, C., & Dooley, B. A. (2016) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.06.003 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Longevity of attentional bias modification effects for food cues in overweight and obese individuals
Kemps, E., Tiggemann, M., & Hollitt, S. (2015) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2015.1077251 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Subliminal attention bias modification training in socially anxious individuals
Maoz, K. B., Abend, R., Fox, N. A., Pine, D. S., & Bar‐Haim, Y. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00389 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Lau, J. Y. F., Pettit, E., & Creswell, C. (2013) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2013.03.008 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Is cognitive bias modification training truly beneficial for adolescents?
Chan, S., Lau, J., & Reynolds, S. (2015) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12368 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Notebaert, L., Grafton, B., Clarke, P., Rudaizky, D., Chen, N. T. M., & MacLeod, C. (2018) · JMIR Serious Games · doi:10.2196/10993 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Daniel, K. E., Daros, A. R., Beltzer, M. L., Boukhechba, M., Barnes, L. E., & Teachman, B. A. (2020) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-020-10088-2 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
New Directions in Virtual Reality-Based Therapy for Anxiety Disorders
David, D., Matu, S.-A., & David, O. A. (2013) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2013.6.2.114 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
All’s Bad That Ends Bad: There Is a Peak-End Memory Bias in Anxiety
Müller, U. W. D., Witteman, C. L. M., Spijker, J., & Alpers, G. W. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01272 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Butler, E., Mobini, S., Rapee, R., Mackintosh, B., & Reynolds, S. (2015) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2015.1011905 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Kang, W., Kim, G., Kim, H., & Lee, S. (2019) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2019.28.2.261 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Khalili-Torghabeh, S., Fadardi, J. S., Mackintosh, B., Reynolds, S., & Mobini, S. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.5127/jep.037713 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Attention and interpretation processes and trait anger experience, expression, and control
Maoz, K. B., Adler, A. B., Bliese, P. D., Sipos, M. L., Quartana, P. J., & Bar‐Haim, Y. (2016) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2016.1231663 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Wong, Q. J. J., McEvoy, P. M., & Rapee, R. M. (2015) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-015-9506-x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Takano, K., Moriya, J., & Raes, F. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.04.005 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Seraphine, C. C., Cooper, N. R., Mirinalee, R., & Mackintosh, B. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01363 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Beyond associations: Do implicit beliefs play a role in smoking addiction?
Tibboel, H., Houwer, J. D., Dirix, N., & Spruyt, A. (2016) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881116665327 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Rumination: Cognitive consequences of training to inhibit the negative.
Daches, S., Mor, N., & Hertel, P. T. (2015) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.01.010 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Carlson, J. M., Fang, L., Koster, E. H. W., Andrzejewski, J. A., Gilbertson, H., Elwell, K. A., & Zuidema, T. R. (2022) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108353 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Eberle, J. W., Daniel, K. E., Baee, S., Silverman, A. L., Lewis, E., Baglione, A. N., Werntz, A. J., French, N. J., Ji, J. L., Hohensee, N., et al. (2024) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000896 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
A randomised controlled trial of computerised interpretation bias modification for health anxiety
Antognelli, S. L., Sharrock, M. J., & Newby, J. M. (2019) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2019.101518 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Prior, K., Salemink, E., Wiers, R. W., Teachman, B. A., Piggott, M., Newton, N. C., Teesson, M., Baillie, A. J., Campbell, S., & Stapinski, L. A. (2020) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.14452 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Patel, T. A., Wilver, N. L., & Cougle, J. R. (2023) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.05.004 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Rogers, J., & Sicouri, G. (2022) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2022.04.006 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Claus, N., Takano, K., & Wittekind, C. E. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0282259 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Amir, N., Holbrook, A., Kallen, A. M., Santopetro, N. J., Klawohn, J., McGhie, S. F., Bruchnak, A., Lowe, M. E., Taboas, W., Brush, C. J., et al. (2023) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026231170563 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Viana, A. G., Dixon, L. J., Stevens, E. N., & Ebesutani, C. K. (2016) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9783-z · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Vassilopoulos, S., & Brouzos, A. (2015) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-015-0194-7 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Intolerance of uncertainty in parents of childhood cancer survivors: A clinical profile analysis
Haegen, M. V., & Étienne, A.-M. (2018) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2018.1499692 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Aday, J. S., & Carlson, J. M. (2017) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2017.09.002 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Cognitive biases in military personnel with and without PTSD: a systematic review
Vyas, K., Murphy, D., & Greenberg, N. L. (2020) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638237.2020.1766000 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Lessons Learned: Providing Supportive Accountability in an Online Anxiety Intervention
Werntz, A. J., Silverman, A. L., Behan, H. C., Patel, S. K., Beltzer, M., Boukhechba, M., Barnes, L. E., & Teachman, B. A. (2021) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2021.12.002 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Lau, J., & Pile, V. (2015) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702614549596 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Single-Session Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretations Training in High-Anxious Adolescents
Fu, X., Du, Y., Au, S., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2015) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.29.3.253 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Subar, A. R., & Rozenman, M. S. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.020 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Imagery versus verbal interpretive cognitive bias modification for compulsive checking
Black, M. J., & Grisham, J. R. (2016) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.05.009 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Nowakowski, M. E., Antony, M., & Koerner, N. (2015) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.04.004 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A pilot study of interpretive cognitive bias modification for OCD
Black, M., & Grisham, J. R. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.1177/2043808718778969 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Are Socially Anxious Children Really Less Liked, or Do They Only Think So?
Baartmans, J. M. D., Rinck, M., Hudson, J. L., Lansu, T. A. M., van Niekerk, R. E., Bögels, S. M., & Klein, A. M. (2019) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-019-10028-9 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Attentional Bias for Threat and Anxiety: The Role of Loneliness
Wei, M., Roodenrys, S. J., & Miller, L. M. (2020) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.2020.1762400 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Vassilopoulos, S., Moberly, N., & Zisimatou, G. (2012) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465812000537 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
- Authors
- Beard, C.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Beard, Courtney
- ORCID
- Beard, Courtney
- Venue
- Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 299-311
- ISSN
- 1473-7175 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-8360
- PMC
- PMC3092585
- OpenAlex
- W2149707348
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Boettcher Foundation
- National Institute of Mental Health (F32MH083330, F32 MH08083330)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- cognitive bias modification, anxiety disorders, attentional bias, interpretation bias, generalized social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, treatment efficacy, theoretical rationale
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Attention, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Phobic Disorders, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
