Dendritic spines: from structure to in vivo function
Open accessAbstract
Dendritic spines arise as small protrusions from the dendritic shaft of various types of neuron and receive inputs from excitatory axons. Ever since dendritic spines were first described in the nineteenth century, questions about their function have spawned many hypotheses. In this review, we introduce understanding of the structural and biochemical properties of dendritic spines with emphasis on components studied with imaging methods. We then explore advances in in vivo imaging methods that are allowing spine activity to be studied in living tissue, from super-resolution techniques to calcium imaging. Finally, we review studies on spine structure and function in vivo. These new results shed light on the development, integration properties and plasticity of spines.
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17β-estradiol interaction with estrogen receptors has the potential to heighten the magnitude of LTP at hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses in rats.
“It has been found that 17β‐estradiol interaction with estrogen receptors has potential to heighten the magnitude of LTP at hippocampal CA3–CA1 synapses in rats.24”
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- Authors
- Rochefort, N. L., & Konnerth, A.
- Affiliations
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Konnerth, Arthur
- Venue
- The EMBO Reports
- Published
- 2012-07-13
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 699-708
- ISSN
- 1469-221X (ISSN-L)
- 1469-3178
- PMC
- PMC3410382
- OpenAlex
- W1993255478
- Cited by
- 299
- References
- 137
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 16
- FWCI
- 1.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- EMBO Reports (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- dendritic spines, spine function, spine plasticity, spine development, synaptic integration, super-resolution imaging, calcium imaging, in vivo imaging, excitatory synapses
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Models, Biological, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Dendritic Spines
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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