Cited by 501Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchCellular transport and secretionMemory and Neural Mechanisms

AMPA Receptor Incorporation into Synapses during LTP: The Role of Lateral Movement and Exocytosis

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Makino, Hiroshi, Malinow, Roberto·2009·Neuron

Abstract

The regulated trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) to synapses is thought to underlie the enhanced transmission in long-term potentiation (LTP), a cellular model of memory. However, there is controversy regarding the nonsynaptic site, either on the surface or intracellularly, from which AMPARs move into synapses during LTP. Using recombinant surface-fluorescent receptors in organotypic rat hippocampal slices, we show that the majority of AMPARs incorporated into synapses during LTP is from lateral diffusion of spine surface receptors containing GluR1, an AMPAR subunit. Following synaptic potentiation, AMPARs in intracellular pools containing GluR1 are driven to the surface primarily on dendrites. These exocytosed receptors likely serve to replenish the local extrasynaptic pool available for subsequent bouts of plasticity. These results clarify the role of intracellular and surface AMPARs during synaptic plasticity.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.08.035

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  • Blocking postsynaptic exocytosis by a variety of means blocks LTP/sLTP.

    “Numerous studies have shown that blocking postsynaptic exocytosis by a variety of means blocks LTP/sLTP (195, 249, 250, 332–338).”

    From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [249]

    The Discussion (page not available in our copy) says several studies found that agents targeted to block exocytosis can inhibit LTP, supporting the LTP portion of the claim. It does not establish that blocking exocytosis blocks structural LTP (sLTP), and it cautions that some agents may inhibit LTP through effects other than exocytosis. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Surface localized AMPARs are supplied by exocytosis from pools of intracellular receptors contained within endosomes.

    “Surface localized AMPARs are supplied by exocytosis from pools of intracellular receptors contained within endosomes (Lin et al., 2009, Makino and Malinow, 2009).”

    From The AMPA Receptor Code of Synaptic Plasticity (2018) · cites this paper as Makino and Malinow, 2009

    The Results section (‘Compartmentalized GluR1 exocytosis replenishing a local extrasynaptic AMPAR pool’; page unavailable) says intracellular GluR1 is exocytosed onto the dendritic surface and replenishes an extrasynaptic receptor pool. Our copy does not identify those intracellular pools as endosomes, so that specific part of the claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Large packets of GluA1 are inserted into the dendritic shaft from intracellular recycling endosomes, containing an estimated fifty GluA1-containing receptors, in an activity-dependent manner.

    “Large packets of GluA1 are inserted into the dendritic shaft from intracellular recycling endosomes, containing an estimated fifty GluA1-containing receptors, in an activity-dependent manner (Lin et al., 2009, Makino and Malinow, 2009).”

    From The AMPA Receptor Code of Synaptic Plasticity (2018) · cites this paper as Makino and Malinow, 2009

    The Results section, “Small contribution of AMPAR exocytosis to synaptic potentiation during LTP” (page unavailable), reports GluR1-containing compartments undergoing exocytosis onto dendrites after LTP induction. The cited paper does not identify those compartments as recycling endosomes or estimate that each contains fifty receptors; its reported fluorescent spots do not establish the claimed packet size. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Synaptic potentiation of AMPA receptors is achieved by restricting their diffusion out of the synaptic membrane.

    “Combining SEP-GluA1 photobleaching experiments with glutamate uncaging in organotypic slices revealed that synaptic potentiation of AMPA receptors is achieved by restricting their diffusion out of the synaptic membrane (Makino and Malinow, 2009).”

    From Barriers in the brain: resolving dendritic spine morphology and compartmentalization (2014) · cites this paper as Makino and Malinow, 2009

  • LTP-inducing stimuli cause rapid addition of AMPARs to classical dendritic spines.

    “These synapses contain AMPARs, but LTP-inducing stimuli cause a rapid addition of AMPARs to the synapse (246–250).”

    From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [249]

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Authors
Makino, H., & Malinow, R.
Affiliations
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (US)
Corresponding author
Malinow, Roberto
Venue
Neuron
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-11
Volume
64
Issue
3
Pages
381-390
ISSN
0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2058113433
Cited by
501
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 38
FWCI
13.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neuron (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Aging (R01AG032132)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH049159, R37MH049159)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
AMPA receptors, long-term potentiation, receptor trafficking, synaptic plasticity, GluR1, lateral diffusion, exocytosis, hippocampus, memory
MeSH terms
Animals, Cell Membrane, Dendrites, Diffusion, Exocytosis, Fluorescence, Hippocampus, Neurons, Synapses, Video Recording, Long-Term Potentiation, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Intracellular Space, Dendritic Spines, Rats, CA1 Region, Hippocampal, In Vitro Techniques

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