Cited by 581Sleep and related disordersSleep and Work-Related FatigueCircadian rhythm and melatonin

Objectively Measured Sleep Characteristics among Early-Middle-Aged Adults

Lauderdale, Diane S., Knutson, Kristen L., Yan, Lijing L., Rathouz, Paul J., Hulley, Stephen B., Sidney, Steve, Liu, Kiang·2006·American Journal of Epidemiology

Abstract

Despite mounting evidence that sleep duration is a risk factor across diverse health and functional domains, little is known about the distribution and determinants of sleep. In 2003-2004, the authors used wrist activity monitoring and sleep logs to measure time in bed, sleep latency (time required to fall asleep), sleep duration, and sleep efficiency (percentage of time in bed spent sleeping) over 3 days for 669 participants at one of the four sites of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study (Chicago, Illinois). Participants were aged 38-50 years, 58% were women, and 44% were Black. For the entire sample, mean time in bed was 7.5 (standard deviation (SD), 1.2) hours, mean sleep latency was 21.9 (SD, 29.0) minutes, mean sleep duration was 6.1 (SD, 1.2) hours, and mean sleep efficiency was 80.9 (SD, 11.3)%. All four parameters varied by race-sex group. Average sleep duration was 6.7 hours for White women, 6.1 hours for White men, 5.9 hours for Black women, and 5.1 hours for Black men. Race-sex differences (p < 0.001) remained after adjustment for socioeconomic, employment, household, and lifestyle factors and for apnea risk. Income was independently associated with sleep latency and efficiency. Sleep duration and quality, which have consequences for health, are strongly associated with race, sex, and socioeconomic status.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/aje/kwj199

Cites

36 of 36 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Minority groups, particularly African Americans, have shorter habitual sleep duration and poorer habitual sleep quality based on objectively-measured wrist actigraphy compared to non-Hispanic whites.

    “Minority groups, particularly African Americans, have shorter habitual sleep duration and poorer habitual sleep quality based on objectively-measured wrist actigraphy compared to non-Hispanic whites [11, 12]”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Lauderdale, D. S., Knutson, K. L., Yan, L. L., Rathouz, P. J., Hulley, S. B., Sidney, S., & Liu, K.
Affiliations
University of Chicago (US)
Corresponding author
Lauderdale, Diane S.
Venue
American Journal of Epidemiology
Published
2006-06-01
Volume
164
Issue
1
Pages
5-16
ISSN
  • 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-6256
OpenAlex
W2162496435
Cited by
581
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 33
FWCI
37.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (n01hc95095-66-0-1, n01hc48050-59-0-1, n01hc48048-58-0-1, n01hc48047-55-0-1, n01hc48049-61-0-1)
  • National Institute on Aging (P01AG011412, AG-11412)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01HC48050, N01 HC 95095, N01-HC48048, N01-HC-48-049, N01-HC-480-47)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Keywords
sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, time in bed, socioeconomic status, income, Black people, young adults, sleep quality, CARDIA study
MeSH terms
Adult, Age Factors, Black or African American, Chicago, Coronary Artery Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Sleep, Socioeconomic Factors, Telemetry, Time Factors, Wrist, Polysomnography, Risk Assessment, Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic, White People

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review