Converting juvenile into adult plasticity: a role for the brain's extracellular matrix
Open accessAbstract
In higher vertebrates, the extracellular matrix (ECM) wrapping cells of the adult brain differs significantly from that of the developing and juvenile brain. The mature ECM is established at the end of critical periods for wiring and it restricts the regenerative potential and constrains the plasticity of the adult brain. In particular, perineuronal nets, elaborate ECM structures that surround distinct neurons and wrap synapses, are hallmarks of the adult brain and seem to massively affect brain plasticity. Why have these, at first glance futile, limitations evolved? What is the return for these drawbacks? What are the mechanisms of restriction and how is adult plasticity implemented? Recent progress both at the systemic level and at the molecular physiological level has shed some new light on these questions. In this review we will survey the evidence for potential functions of the adult ECM in making established brain features, including imprinted memories, resistant to extinction, and we will discuss potential mechanisms by which the ECM limits juvenile and implements adult plasticity. In particular we will focus on some aspects of adult ECM function. First we will discuss its influence on diffusion of cations in the extracellular space and on volume transmission, second we will consider its potential role in regulating the lateral diffusion of cell surface receptors and finally we will discuss mechanisms to locally modulate ECM functions.
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In the mammalian brain, ECM composition and properties undergo a profound transformation during late postnatal development.
“In the mammalian brain, the composition and properties of the ECM undergo a profound transformation during late postnatal development (Fawcett, 2009; Gundelfinger et al., 2010; Lander et al., 1997).”
From Losing the sugar coating: Potential impact of perineuronal net abnormalities on interneurons in schizophrenia (2015) · cites this paper as Gundelfinger et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Gundelfinger, E. D., Frischknecht, R., Choquet, D., & Heine, M.
- Affiliations
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (DE)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Gundelfinger, Eckart D.
- Venue
- European Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2156-2165
- ISSN
- 0953-816X (ISSN-L)
- 1460-9568
- OpenAlex
- W2097087118
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 141
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 0.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Keywords
- extracellular matrix, perineuronal nets, adult brain plasticity, critical period, memory consolidation, memory extinction, cation diffusion, volume transmission, receptor lateral diffusion, synaptic plasticity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Extracellular Matrix, Humans, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Synapses
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