Cited by 2,574Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeural dynamics and brain function

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Getting Formal with Dopamine and Reward

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Schultz, Wolfram·2002·Neuron

DOI 10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00967-4

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Abstract

Recent neurophysiological studies reveal that neurons in certain brain structures carry specific signals about past and future rewards. Dopamine neurons display a short-latency, phasic reward signal indicating the difference between actual and predicted rewards. The signal is useful for enhancing neuronal processing and learning behavioral reactions. It is distinctly different from dopamine's tonic enabling of numerous behavioral processes. Neurons in the striatum, frontal cortex, and amygdala also process reward information but provide more differentiated information for identifying and anticipating rewards and organizing goal-directed behavior. The different reward signals have complementary functions, and the optimal use of rewards in voluntary behavior would benefit from interactions between the signals. Addictive psychostimulant drugs may exert their action by amplifying the dopamine reward signal.

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Authors: Schultz, W.
Affiliations: University of Fribourg (CH)
Corresponding author: Schultz, Wolfram
ORCID: Schultz, Wolfram
Venue: Neuron
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-10
Volume: 36
Issue: 2
Pages: 241-263
ISSN: 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00967-4
OpenAlex: W1998152406
Cited by: 2,574
References: 208
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 101 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 76 · 2020: 94 · 2019: 87 · 2018: 91 · 2017: 88 · 2016: 117 · 2015: 113 · 2014: 146 · 2013: 130 · 2012: 138
FWCI: 8.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 3942 d)
Locations: Neuron (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust (095495)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Keywords: dopamine, reward signals, prediction error, striatum, frontal cortex, amygdala, goal-directed behavior, stimulant use disorder
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain, Dopamine, Humans, Neurons, Reward, Illicit Drugs

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Getting Formal with Dopamine and Reward

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