CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,181Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentBipolar Disorder and TreatmentMental Health Treatment and Access

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 101 of the 101 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Mood disorders in children and adolescents: an epidemiologic perspective

Kessler, Ronald C, Avenevoli, Shelli, Ries Merikangas, Kathleen·2001·Biological Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01129-5
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Epidemiologic studies show that major depression is comparatively rare among children, but common among adolescents, with up to a 25% lifetime prevalence by the end of adolescence. Mania is much less common, with no more than a 2% lifetime prevalence by the end of adolescence. Developmental studies that include assessments of both hormonal changes and social changes through the pubertal transition are needed to investigate joint biological and environmental influences on the emergence of the gender difference in depression in puberty. Although subthreshold mood disorder symptoms are common, controversy exists about their clinical significance. This controversy is made more complex by methodologic uncertainties regarding inconsistent symptom reports obtained from parents, teachers, and children and by the pervasive existence of comorbidity. Retrospective reports about age of onset in adult studies suggest that at least 50% of youngsters with major depression and 90% of those with mania continue to have adult recurrences. These recurrences are mediated by adverse role transitions, such as truncated educational attainment and teenage childbearing, that typically occur before the time of initial treatment. Aggressive outreach and early treatment aimed at preventing the occurrence of adverse role effects might help decrease the persistence of child and adolescent mood disorders. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to resolve current uncertainties regarding nosology, methodology, and long-term treatment effects. Innovative epidemiologic research designs aimed at more quickly providing provisional information are also needed to advance understanding of long-term developmental processes.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01129-5

Cites

101 of 101 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 101 references

Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. Akiskal HS (1990): Toward a clinical understanding of the relationship of anxiety and depressive disorders. In: Maser JD, Cloninger CR, editors: Comorbidity of Mood and Anxiety Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 597–607.
  2. Kessler, 1997, Childhood adversity and adult psychiatric disorder in the U.S, Natl Comorbidity Survey Psychol Med, 27, 1101
  3. Kessler, 1998, Epidemiology of DSM-III-R major depression and minor depression among adolescents and young adults in the National Comorbidity Survey, Depress Anxiety, 7, 3, 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6394(1998)7:1<3::AID-DA2>3.0.CO;2-F · DOI
  4. Klein, 1998, Resolved, J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 37, 1093
  5. Nottelmann, 1998, Current issues in childhood bipolarity, J Affect Disord, 51, 77

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Kessler, R. C., Avenevoli, S., & Ries Merikangas, K.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Yale University (US)
Corresponding author
Kessler, Ronald C
ORCID
Kessler, Ronald C
Venue
Biological Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2001-06
Volume
49
Issue
12
Pages
1002-1014
ISSN
0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01129-5
OpenAlex
W2082569011
Cited by
1,181
References
101
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 61 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 58 · 2016: 70 · 2015: 71 · 2014: 74 · 2013: 76 · 2012: 64
FWCI
3.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • William T. Grant Foundation (90135190, MH00507, MH14235)
  • U.S. Public Health Service (AA07080, DA05348, MH46376, MH49098, MH528611)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
mood disorders, children, adolescents, major depressive disorder, mania, lifetime prevalence, puberty, gender differences in depression, comorbidities, age of onset, recurrence, role transition, teenage childbearing, educational attainment, early treatment, prevention, disease classification
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Child, Psychology, Child, Humans, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Time Factors, Prevalence, Mood Disorders

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review