Cited by 4,442Estrogen and related hormone effectsEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsReceptor Mechanisms and Signaling

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Comparison of the Ligand Binding Specificity and Transcript Tissue Distribution of Estrogen Receptors α and β

Kuiper, George G. J. M., Carlsson, Bo, Grandien, Kaj, Enmark, Eva, Häggblad, Johan, Nilsson, Stefan, Gustafsson, Jan-Åke·1997·Endocrinology

DOI 10.1210/endo.138.3.4979

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Abstract

The rat estrogen receptor (ER) exists as two subtypes, ER alpha and ER beta, which differ in the C-terminal ligand binding domain and in the N-terminal transactivation domain. In this study we investigated the messenger RNA expression of both ER subtypes in rat tissues by RT-PCR and compared the ligand binding specificity of the ER subtypes. Saturation ligand binding analysis of in vitro synthesized human ER alpha and rat ER beta protein revealed a single binding component for 16 alpha-iodo-17 beta-estradiol with high affinity [dissociation constant (Kd) = 0.1 nM for ER alpha protein and 0.4 nM for ER beta protein]. Most estrogenic substances or estrogenic antagonists compete with 16 alpha-[125I]iodo-17 beta-estradiol for binding to both ER subtypes in a very similar preference and degree; that is, diethylstilbestrol > hexestrol > dienestrol > 4-OH-tamoxifen > 17 beta-estradiol > coumestrol, ICI-164384 > estrone, 17 alpha-estradiol > nafoxidine, moxestrol > clomifene > estriol, 4-OH-estradiol > tamoxifen, 2-OH-estradiol, 5-androstene-3 beta, 17 beta-diol, genistein for the ER alpha protein and dienestrol > 4-OH-tamoxifen > diethylstilbestrol > hexestrol > coumestrol, ICI-164384 > 17 beta-estradiol > estrone, genistein > estriol > nafoxidine, 5-androstene-3 beta, 17 beta-diol > 17 alpha-estradiol, clomifene, 2-OH-estradiol > 4-OH-estradiol, tamoxifen, moxestrol for the ER beta protein. The rat tissue distribution and/or the relative level of ER alpha and ER beta expression seems to be quite different, i.e. moderate to high expression in uterus, testis, pituitary, ovary, kidney, epididymis, and adrenal for ER alpha and prostate, ovary, lung, bladder, brain, uterus, and testis for ER beta. The described differences between the ER subtypes in relative ligand binding affinity and tissue distribution could contribute to the selective action of ER agonists and antagonists in different tissues.

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Authors: Kuiper, G. G. J. M., Carlsson, B., Grandien, K., Enmark, E., Häggblad, J., Nilsson, S., & Gustafsson, J.-A.
Affiliations: Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Karo Pharma (Sweden) (SE)
Department of KaroBio AB (B.C., J.H., S.N.) Huddinge, Sweden
Center for Biotechnology and Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institute (G.G.J.M.K., K.G., E.E., J.-Å.G.) Huddinge, Sweden
ORCID: Grandien, Kaj
Venue: Endocrinology
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 1997-03-01
Volume: 138
Issue: 3
Pages: 863-870
ISSN: 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
1945-7170
DOI: 10.1210/endo.138.3.4979
OpenAlex: W2073883348
Cited by: 4,442
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 35 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 92 · 2020: 86 · 2019: 103 · 2018: 89 · 2017: 104 · 2016: 103 · 2015: 122 · 2014: 160 · 2013: 176 · 2012: 148
FWCI: 118.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Keywords: estrogen receptor alpha, estrogen receptor beta, ligand specificity, competitive binding, diethylstilbestrol, tamoxifen, genistein, rat tissues, estrogen receptor subtypes, transactivation domain
MeSH terms: Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Female, Humans, Isomerism, Ligands, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Receptors, Estrogen, RNA, Messenger, Tissue Distribution, Rats

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Comparison of the Ligand Binding Specificity and Transcript Tissue Distribution of Estrogen Receptors α and β

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