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Cited by 368RNA Interference and Gene DeliveryImmunotherapy and Immune ResponsesSARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research

mRNA Vaccine Era—Mechanisms, Drug Platform and Clinical Prospection

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Xu, Shuqin, Yang, Kunpeng, Li, Rose, Zhang, Lu·2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DOI 10.3390/ijms21186582PMC PMC7554980
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Abstract

Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based drugs, notably mRNA vaccines, have been widely proven as a promising treatment strategy in immune therapeutics. The extraordinary advantages associated with mRNA vaccines, including their high efficacy, a relatively low severity of side effects, and low attainment costs, have enabled them to become prevalent in pre-clinical and clinical trials against various infectious diseases and cancers. Recent technological advancements have alleviated some issues that hinder mRNA vaccine development, such as low efficiency that exist in both gene translation and in vivo deliveries. mRNA immunogenicity can also be greatly adjusted as a result of upgraded technologies. In this review, we have summarized details regarding the optimization of mRNA vaccines, and the underlying biological mechanisms of this form of vaccines. Applications of mRNA vaccines in some infectious diseases and cancers are introduced. It also includes our prospections for mRNA vaccine applications in diseases caused by bacterial pathogens, such as tuberculosis. At the same time, some suggestions for future mRNA vaccine development about storage methods, safety concerns, and personalized vaccine synthesis can be found in the context.

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  • UTRs can influence mRNA translation efficiency and resistance to degradation by interacting with RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs.

    “It is known that UTRs are associated with processes of mRNA translation, and by interacting with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and microRNAs, UTRs can influence mRNA’s translation efficiency and resistance to degradation [3,4,5,6,7].”

    From Untranslated Region Sequences and the Efficacy of mRNA Vaccines against Tuberculosis (2024) · cites this paper as [5]

    Section 2.2 (page not provided) says UTRs can alter mRNA decay and translation efficiency through interactions with RNA-binding proteins. Section 2.4 mentions microRNA-mediated translation inhibition in its discussion of the poly(A) tail, but does not say that UTRs interact with microRNAs to produce the claimed effects. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Xu, S., Yang, K., Li, R., & Zhang, L.
Affiliations
  • Fudan University (CN)
  • Peking University (CN)
Corresponding author
Zhang, Lu
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-09-09
Volume
21
Issue
18
Pages
6582
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijms21186582
PMC
PMC7554980
OpenAlex
W3083934582
Cited by
368
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 42 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 1
FWCI
4.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2018YFD0500900)
  • China's 13th Five Year Programs for the prevention and cure of great infectious diseases (2017ZX10201301-005)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Keywords
mRNA vaccines, mRNA therapeutics, vaccine immunogenicity, infectious disease vaccines, cancer vaccines, tuberculosis, pathogenic bacteria, personalized vaccines, vaccine storage, vaccine safety
MeSH terms
Immunogenicity, Vaccine, mRNA Vaccines, RNA, Messenger, Vaccines, Synthetic, Drug Delivery Systems

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